Tupolev Tu-1
| {{Infobox Aircraft Begin
|name= Tu-1 |image= File:Tupolev Tu-1.jpg |caption= Front-quarter view of the Tu-1 (ANT-63P) prototype }}{{Infobox Aircraft Type |type=Night fighter |national origin=Soviet Union |manufacturer=Tupolev |designer= |first flight=22 March 1947 |introduced= |retired= |status=Cancelled |primary user= |number built=1 |developed from=Tupolev Tu-2 |variants with their own articles= }} |
The Tupolev Tu-1 was a prototype Soviet night fighter variant of the Tupolev Tu-2 medium bomber that first flew after the end of World War II. It was cancelled when its experimental Mikulin AM-43V engines reached the end of their service life.
Development
Impressed by the performance of the de Havilland Mosquito the Soviets asked Tupolev to modify a Tu-2 as a high-speed day bomber with a reduced crew as the ANT-63. The second prototype of this project was ordered to be converted in February 1946 for use as a three-seat long-range interceptor capable of carrying an airborne radar set with the internal designation of ANT-63P and the official designation of Tu-1. It was given prototype Mikulin AM-43V engines driving four-bladed propellers, and fitted with new radio equipment. It reverted to the standard Tu-2S undercarriage. Two {{convert|45|mm|abbr=on}} Nudelman-Suranov NS-45 guns with 50 rounds each were fitted on the underside of the nose, two {{convert|23|mm|abbr=on}} Volkov-Yartsev VYa-23 or Nudelman-Suranov NS-23 cannon were fitted in the wing roots with 130 rounds per gun. The dorsal gunner was given a {{convert|12.7|mm|abbr=on}} UBT machine gun with 200 rounds and the ventral gunner received a UBT with 350 rounds of ammunition. It retained the internal bomb bay which could carry up to {{convert|1000|kg|abbr=on}} of bombs.
The Tu-1 first flew on 22 March 1947 and underwent manufacturer's tests until 3 OctoberGordon, p. 91 or 3 November 1947. Sources disagree about the mounting of radar during these tests. Bill Gunston says that a Soviet derivative of the German FuG 220 Lichtenstein SN-2 was tested, however Yefim Gordon believes that no radar was fitted at all and the short service life of the AM-43V prototype engines curtailed the planned tests and development. At any rate, the aircraft was not selected for production because its AM-43V engines were not ready for production.
Specifications
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Gordon, OKB Tupolev: A History of the Design Bureau and its Aircraft
|prime units?=met
|crew=3
|length m=13.6
|length note=
|span m=18.86
|span note=
|height m=3.32
|height note=
|wing area sqm=48.8
|wing area note=
|aspect ratio=
|airfoil=root: TsAGI-40 (13.75%) ; tip: TsAGI-40 (9.9%){{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |accessdate=16 April 2019}}
|empty weight kg=9460
|empty weight note=Gunston, p. 122
|gross weight kg=12755
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=14460
|fuel capacity=
|more general=
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=Mikulin AM-43V
|eng1 type=V-12 liquid-cooled piston engines
|eng1 kw=1454
|eng1 note=
|prop blade number=4
|prop name=constant-speed propellers
|prop dia m=
|prop dia note=
|max speed kmh=641
|max speed note=
|cruise speed kmh=
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed kmh=
|stall speed note=
|never exceed speed kmh=
|never exceed speed note=
|minimum control speed kmh=
|minimum control speed note=
|range km=2250
|range note=
|combat range km=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=
|ceiling m=11000
|ceiling note=
|g limits=
|roll rate=
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|wing loading kg/m2=261.37
|wing loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|power/mass=
|more performance=
|guns=
:*2 × 45 mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-45, cannon chin-mounted (50 rpg)
:*2 × 23 mm Nudelman-Suranov NS-23, wing-mounted (130 rpg)
:*2 × 12.7 mm UBT machine guns, dorsal and ventral (250/350 rpg)
|bombs= up to {{convert|1000|kg|abbr=on}} of bombs
|avionics=
}}
See also
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References
{{commonscat|Tupolev Tu-1}}
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book|last=Gordon|first=Yefim|author2=Rigamant, Vladimir |title=OKB Tupolev: A History of the Design Bureau and its Aircraft|publisher=Midland Publishing|location=Hinckley, UK|date=2005|isbn=1-85780-214-4|name-list-style=amp}}
- {{cite book|last=Gunston|first=Bill|authorlink=Bill Gunston|title=Tupolev Aircraft since 1922|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, Maryland|date=1995|isbn=1-55750-882-8}}
{{Tupolev aircraft}}
Category:1940s Soviet fighter aircraft