Turkish Braille
{{Short description|Braille alphabet of the Turkish language}}
{{Infobox writing system
| name = Turkish Braille
| type = alphabet
| typedesc =
| time =
| languages = Turkish
| fam1 = Braille
| fam2 = English Braille
| print = Turkish alphabet
| creator =
| sample =
| imagesize =
| note = none
}}
Turkish Braille (kabartma yazı) is the braille alphabet of the Turkish language.
Alphabet
Turkish Braille follows international usage. The vowels with diacritics, ö and ü, have their French/German forms, whereas the consonants with diacritics, ç, ğ, and ş, have the forms of the nearest English approximations, ch, gh, and sh. Dotless i is derived by shifting down.[https://archive.today/20130418172406/http://www.beyram.gov.tr/hab/ayrinti.asp?veri=2341&altun=361&resim=4 Beysehir Guidance and Research Centre]{{cite web |url=http://www.selimkerim.com/braillekabartmayazi.html |title=KABARTMA YAZI BRAİLLE | SELİM ALTINOK ve KERİM ALTINOK |access-date=2013-02-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130211130237/http://selimkerim.com/braillekabartmayazi.html |archive-date=2013-02-11 }}
| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2" |
| align=center
|{{Braille cell|type=image|a}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|b}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|c}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|ch}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|d}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|e}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|f}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|g}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|gh}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|h}} |
| align=center
|{{Braille cell|type=image|in}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|i}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|j}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|k}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|l}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|m}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|n}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|o}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|ö}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|p}} |
| align=center
|{{Braille cell|type=image|r}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|s}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|sh}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|t}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|u}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|ü}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|v}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|y}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|z}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|0}} |
The accent point, {{bc|4}}, is used for â, î, û. Point {{bc|6}} is used for capitals.[http://forum.donanimhaber.com/m_30114034/tm.htm (two Turkish Braille charts)]
Punctuation
Punctuation and arithmetical signs are as follows:
| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2" |
| align=center
|{{Braille cell|type=image|6}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|3}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|2}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|;}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|:}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|dd}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|ff}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|hh}} |{{Braille cell|type=image |
| }} hyphen |
|
|{{Braille cell|type=image|0}} |
| align=center
|colspan=3|{{Braille cell|type=image|gg}}...{{Braille cell|type=image|gg}} |colspan=3|{{Braille cell|type=image|hh}}...{{Braille cell|type=image|jj}} |colspan=2|{{Braille cell|type=image|36|36}} |colspan=2|{{Braille cell|type=image|345|345}} |
| align=center
|colspan=2|{{Braille cell|type=image|56|hh}} |colspan=2|{{Braille cell|type=image|56|25}} |colspan=2|{{Braille cell|type=image|56|en}} |colspan=2|{{Braille cell|type=image|56 |
| }} − |colspan=2|{{Braille cell|type=image|56|gg}} |
{{bc|345|345}} is perhaps related to {{bc|345}} in Irish Braille, which marks a new line of verse.
For quotations, the dash — is used differently from inverted commas “...”, for example when transcribing short turns in dialog.
Extensions to other languages
{{anchor|Azeri Braille}}Azeri (Azerbaijani) Braille adds the letters x and q with their international forms {{bc|x}} and {{bc|q}}. These letters are used in Azeri Braille, or in the case of Turkish Braille, in foreign words. w is only used for foreign words in both Turkish and Azeri Braille. Azeri Braille uses the accent mark {{bc|4}} to derive print ə (formerly ä) from a.[http://www.pharmabraille.com/LiteratureRetrieve.aspx?ID=122064 World Braille Usage], UNESCO, 2013{{unreliable source|date=November 2013}}
| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2" |
| align=center
|{{Braille cell|type=image|4|1}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|x}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|q}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|w}} |