Type A submarine
{{Short description|Class of submarine in the Imperial Japanese Navy}}
{{Distinguish | Type A Kō-hyōteki-class submarine}}
{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship class overview |Name=Type-A submarines |Builders=*Kure Naval Arsenal |Operators={{navy|Empire of Japan}} |Class before=Junsen type submarine |Class after= |Subclasses=*Type-A (I-9-class) |Cost= |Built range=1938–1945 |In service range= |In commission range=1941–1945 |Total ships building= |Total ships planned= |Total ships completed= |Total ships cancelled= |Total ships active= |Total ships laid up= |Total ships lost= |Total ships retired= |Total ships preserved= }} |
The {{nihongo|Cruiser submarine Type-A|巡潜甲型潜水艦|Junsen Kō-gata sensuikan}} was a class of submarine in the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), which served during the Second World War. The Type-A submarines were built to take a role of the command ships for submarine squadrons. For this reason they had equipment for a headquarters, better radio facilities and a floatplane.
Class variants
The Type-A submarines were divided into four classes:
- {{nihongo|Type-A|甲型(伊九型)|Kō-gata, I-9-class}}
- {{nihongo|Type-A Mod.1|甲型改一(伊十二型)|Kō-gata Kai-1, I-12-class}}
- {{nihongo|Type-A Mod.2|甲型改二(伊十三型)|Kō-gata Kai-2, I-13-class}}
- {{nihongo|V21 Type|第5094号艦型|Dai-5094-Gō kan-gata, 5094th vessel-class}}. The 5094th vessel class boats were not built and remained only a design.
=''Type-A'' (''I-9'' class)=
{{main|Type A1 submarine}}
File:Japanese submarine I-10 in 1942.jpg
Project number S35Ja. Their design was based on the Junsen III (I-7 class). Three boats were built in 1938-42 under the Maru 3 Programme (Boat # 35 - 36) and Maru 4 Programme (Boat # 138).
- Boats in class
class="wikitable"
! width="4%" | Boat No. ! width="3%" | Boat ! width="10%" | Builder ! width="5%" | Laid down ! width="5%" | Launched ! width="5%" | Completed ! width="25%" | Results ! width="20%" | Fate | |
35
| {{ship|Japanese submarine|I-9 | 2}} {{nihongo|伊号第9潜水艦|I-Gō Dai-9 Sensuikan}}. The same shall apply hereinafter.
| Kure Naval Arsenal | 25-01-1938 | 20-05-1939 | 13-02-1941 | Sank USS Lahaina 12-12-1941 | Sunk by {{ship|USS|Frazier|DD-607|6}} at Kiska {{coord|52|08|N|177|38|E|type:event|name=I-9}} 13-06-1943. |
36
| {{ship|Japanese submarine|I-10 | 2}}
| Kawasaki-Kōbe Shipyard | 07-06-1938 | 20-09-1939 | 31-10-1941 | Sank Panamanian merchant ship Donerail 10-12-1941 | Sunk by {{ship|USS|David W. Taylor|DD-551|6}} and {{ship|USS|Riddle|DE-185|6}} east of Saipan {{coord|15|26|N|147|48|E|type:event|name=I-10}} 04-07-1944. |
138
| {{ship|Japanese submarine|I-11 | 2}}
| Kawasaki-Kōbe Shipyard | 10-04-1940 | 28-02-1941 | 16-05-1942 | Sank Greek merchant ship George S. Livanos 20-07-1942 | Lost in an accident or sunk by a mine near Funafuti January 1944. |
=''Type-A Mod.1'' (''I-12'' class)=
Project number S35B. Five boats were planned under the Maru Tsui Programme (Boat # 620 - 621) and the Kai-Maru 5 Programme (Boat # 5091 - 5093). They were equipped with less powerful diesel engines which shortened the time needed to build them. Only one boat, {{ship|Japanese submarine|I-12||2}}, was completed to the original design. The I-13 and the later boats were converted to a new submarine class (I-13 class), because the number of I-400 class boats was reduced.
- Boats in class
class="wikitable"
! width="4%" | Boat No. ! width="3%" | Boat ! width="10%" | Builder ! width="5%" | Laid down ! width="5%" | Launched ! width="5%" | Completed ! width="25%" | Results ! width="20%" | Fate | |
620
| {{ship|Japanese submarine|I-12 | 2}}
| Kawasaki-Kōbe Shipyard | 05-11-1942 | 03-08-1943 | 25-05-1944 | Sank USS John A. Johnson 30-10-1944 | Sunk by minesweeper USS Ardent on 13-11-1944. |
621
| I-13 | Kawasaki-Kōbe Shipyard | 04-02-1943 | | | | rowspan="4"| Converted to the I-13 class in October 1943. | |
5091
| I-14 | Kawasaki-Kōbe Shipyard | 18-05-1943 | | | | |
5092
| I-15 | Kawasaki-Senshū Shipyard | 30-04-1943 | | | | |
5093
| I-1 | Kawasaki-Senshū Shipyard | 24-06-1943 | | | |
=''Type-A Mod.2'' (''I-13'' class)=
{{main|Type A Mod.2 submarine}}
File:Japanese submarine I-14 in 1945.jpg
Project number S35C. Four boats were planned under the Maru Tsui Programme (Boat # 621) and the Kai-Maru 5 Programme (Boat # 5091 - 5093). However, four boats were converted to new submarine class (I-13 class), because a number of submarines of the I-400 class were cancelled. They had a large hangar and were equipped with bulges to be able to operate 2 × special Aichi M6A1 Seiran attack bombers. The headquarters institutions were removed.
- Boats in class
class="wikitable"
! width="4%" | Boat No. ! width="3%" | Boat ! width="10%" | Builder ! width="5%" | Laid down ! width="5%" | Launched ! width="5%" | Completed ! width="25%" | Results ! width="20%" | Fate | |
621
| {{ship|Japanese submarine|I-13 | 2}}
| Kawasaki-Kōbe Shipyard | 04-02-1943 | 30-11-1943 | 16-12-1944 | | Sunk by {{ship|USS|Lawrence C. Taylor|DE-415|6}}, {{ship|USS|Robert F. Keller|DE-419|6}} and aircraft from {{ship|USS|Anzio|CVE-57|6}} northeast of the Ogasawara Islands 16-07-1945. |
5091
| {{ship|Japanese submarine|I-14 | 2}}
| Kawasaki-Kōbe Shipyard | 18-05-1943 | 14-03-1944 | 14-03-1945 | | Captured by {{ship|USS|Murray|DD-576|6}} 27-08-1945, decommissioned 15-09-1945, sunk as a target off the Hawaiian Islands 28-05-1946. |
5092
| I-15 | Kawasaki-Senshū Shipyard | 30-04-1943 | 12-04-1944 | | | Converted to a tanker submarine in June 1945;Senshi Sōsho Vol.88 (1975), p.272 90% complete; scrapped in 1945. | |
5093
| I-1 | Kawasaki-Kōbe Shipyard | 24-06-1943 | 10-06-1944 | | | 70% complete; Sunk by a typhoon on 18-09-1945; later salvaged and scrapped. |
=''V21 Type''=
Project number S48. Three boats were planned under the Kai-Maru 5 Programme. However, all boats were cancelled in late 1943, because the IJN turned its attention to the construction of {{nihongo|{{Interlanguage link|Type E submarine|ja|戊型潜水艦}}|戊型潜水艦|Bo-gata sensuikan}} in 1945.
- Boats in class
class="wikitable"
! width="4%" | Boat No. ! width="3%" | Boat ! width="10%" | Builder ! width="5%" | Laid down ! width="5%" | Launched ! width="5%" | Completed ! width="20%" | Fate |
5094 - 5096
| | | | | | Cancelled in 1943. |
Characteristics
class="wikitable"
| width="15%" colspan="2"| Type | width="16%" | Type-A (I-9) | width="16%" | Type-A Mod.1 (I-12) | width="16%" | Type-A Mod.2 (I-13) | width="16%" | V21 Type |
rowspan="2"|Displacement
| Surfaced | {{convert|2434|LT|t|0}} | {{convert|2390|LT|t|0}} | {{convert|2620|LT|t|0}} | {{convert|2330|LT|t|0}} |
Submerged
| {{convert|4150|LT|t|0}} | {{convert|4172|LT|t|0}} | {{convert|4762|LT|t|0}} | No data |
colspan="2"| Length (overall)
| {{convert|113.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | {{convert|113.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | {{convert|113.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | {{convert|111.00|m|ftin|abbr=on}} (waterline) |
colspan="2"| Beam
| {{convert|9.55|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | {{convert|9.55|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | {{convert|11.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | {{convert|9.82|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
colspan="2"| Draft
| {{convert|5.36|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | {{convert|5.36|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | {{convert|5.89|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | {{convert|5.50|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
colspan="2"| Depth
| {{convert|8.30|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | {{convert|8.30|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | {{convert|8.30|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | No data |
colspan="2"| Power plant and shaft
| 2 × Kampon Mk.2 Model 10 diesels | 2 × Kampon Mk.22 Model 10 diesels | 2 × Kampon Mk.22 Model 10 diesels | 2 × Kampon Mk.2 Model 10 diesels |
rowspan="2"|Power
| Surfaced | 12,400 bhp | 4,700 bhp | 4,700 bhp | 11,000 bhp |
Submerged
| 2,400 shp | 1,200 shp | 600 shp | 2,400 shp |
rowspan="2"|Speed
| Surfaced | {{convert|23.5|kn|km/h|lk=in}} | {{convert|17.7|kn|km/h|lk=in}} | {{convert|16.7|kn|km/h|lk=in}} | {{convert|22.4|kn|km/h|lk=in}} |
Submerged
| {{convert|8.0|kn|km/h|lk=in}} | {{convert|6.2|kn|km/h|lk=in}} | {{convert|5.5|kn|km/h|lk=in}} | {{convert|8.0|kn|km/h|lk=in}} |
rowspan="2"|Range
| Surfaced | {{convert|16000|nmi|km|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|16|kn|km/h}} | {{convert|22000|nmi|km|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|16|kn|km/h}} | {{convert|21000|nmi|km|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|16|kn|km/h}} | {{convert|16000|nmi|km|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|16|kn|km/h}} |
Submerged
| {{convert|90|nmi|km|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|3|kn|km/h}} | {{convert|75|nmi|km|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|3|kn|km/h}} | {{convert|60|nmi|km|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|3|kn|km/h}} | {{convert|80|nmi|km|abbr=on|lk=in}} at {{convert|3|kn|km/h}} |
colspan="2"| Test depth
| {{convert|100|m|ft|abbr=on}} | {{convert|100|m|ft|abbr=on}} | {{convert|100|m|ft|abbr=on}} | {{convert|100|m|ft|abbr=on}} |
colspan="2"| Fuel
| 878 tons | 917 tons | 917 tons | 880 tons |
colspan="2"| Complement
| 104 | 112 | 108 | No data |
colspan="2"| Armament (initial)
| • 6 × {{convert|533|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} Torpedo tubes | • 6 × {{convert|533|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} TTs (6 × front) | • 6 × {{convert|533|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} TTs (6 × front) | • 6 × {{convert|533|mm|in|0|abbr=on}} TTs (6 × front) |
colspan="2"| Aircraft and facilities
| • Catapult and hangar | • Catapult and hangar | • Catapult and hangar | • Catapult and hangar |
Footnotes
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{cite web |url=http://rekigun.net/ |title=Rekishi Gunzō}}, History of Pacific War Vol.17 "I-Gō Submarines", Gakken (Japan), January 1998, {{ISBN|4-05-601767-0}}
- Rekishi Gunzō, History of Pacific War Vol.63 "Documents of IJN submarines and USN submarines", Gakken (Japan), January 2008, {{ISBN|978-4-05-605004-2}}
- Rekishi Gunzō, History of Pacific War Extra, "Perfect guide, The submarines of the Imperial Japanese Forces", Gakken (Japan), March 2005, {{ISBN|4-05-603890-2}}
- Model Art Extra No.537, Drawings of Imperial Japanese Naval Vessels Part-3, Model Art Co. Ltd. (Japan), May 1999, Book code 08734-5
- The Maru Special, Japanese Naval Vessels No.13, "Japanese submarines I-13 class and I-400 class", Ushio Shobō (Japan), July 1977, Book code 8343-7
- The Maru Special, Japanese Naval Vessels No.31, "Japanese Submarines I", Ushio Shobō (Japan), September 1979, Book code 68343-31
- Senshi Sōsho Vol.88 Naval armaments and war preparation (2), "And after the outbreak of war", Asagumo Simbun (Japan), October 1975
See also
{{Type A submarine}}
{{WWII Japanese ships}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:A submarine}}