Typhoon Wendy (1960)

{{storm path|Wendy 1960 track.png}}

On August 10, a trough extended southward from Typhoon Virginia,{{cite journal |author= |date=1961 |title=Climatological Data – National Summary |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=clFRAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA74 |journal=Climatological Data |volume=11 |issue=13 |page=74 |access-date=May 5, 2017|publisher=United States Weather Bureau|location=Asheville, North Carolina}} and was detected by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) as having abnormal wind directions compared to Virginia's circulation.{{Cite report |last=Hoffman |first=Robert M. |date=1960 |title= Annual Typhoon Report 1960|url=https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/ProductFeeds-portlet/img/jtwc/atcr/1960atcr.pdf |publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center |pages=86–90 |access-date= May 2, 2017|location=Guam}} The Japanese Meteorological Agency (JMA) designated the system as a tropical depression also at that time, with the pressure reading at {{convert|1000|hPa|inHg|lk=on}}.{{cite web |url=http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/Besttracks/bst6069.txt |title=RSMC Best Track Data (Text) |author= |date=1960–1969 |publisher=Japan Meteorological Agency |access-date=May 5, 2017 |archive-date=August 21, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150821044821/http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/Besttracks/bst6069.txt |url-status=dead }}{{#tag:ref|The Japan Meteorological Agency is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the western Pacific Ocean.{{cite report|publisher=Japan Meteorological Agency|title=Annual Report on Activities of the RSMC Tokyo – Typhoon Center 2000|date=February 2001|access-date=May 5, 2017|url=http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/jma-eng/jma-center/rsmc-hp-pub-eg/AnnualReport/2000/Text/Text2000.pdf|page=3}}|group="nb"}} At 12:00 UTC, the JTWC assessed the system had reached tropical storm strength {{convert|205|mi|km|order=flip}} west of Iwo Jima, with winds of {{convert|75|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}. The storm was not given the name Wendy until six hours later, when it was operationally upgraded to a tropical storm. The JMA also upgraded Wendy to a tropical storm at 12:00 UTC.

Wendy strengthened to {{convert|100|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}},{{cite web|title=Typhoon Wendy (11W) Best Track|url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/best_tracks/1960/1960s-bwp/bwp111960.txt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120916134703/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/best_tracks/1960/1960s-bwp/bwp111960.txt|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 16, 2012|publisher=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|access-date=May 5, 2017}} with a pressure of {{convert|996|hPa|inHg|abbr=on}} by August 11 at 00:00 UTC. Operationally, the JTWC upgraded Wendy to a typhoon at 06:00 UTC south of Shikoku, with a reconnaissance flight reporting winds of {{convert|120|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}, but it was revised to 12:00 UTC after analysis. According to the JTWC, Wendy reached peak strength offshore Shikoku, with winds of {{convert|140|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}} on August 12 at 00:00 UTC, but the lowest pressure, {{convert|990|hPa|inHg|abbr=on}}, was recorded six hours later by the JMA.

The typhoon officially made landfall on Shikoku at 08:00 UTC, 39 hours after Virginia made landfall {{convert|20|mi|km|abbr=on|order=flip}} west of the landfall location. Wendy soon made another landfall over southern Honshu later that day, remaining on land for ten hours, and weakening to {{convert|75|km/h|mph|abbr=on|round=5}}. After reemerging over the Sea of Japan at 18:00 UTC, the winds strengthened slightly to {{convert|80|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}}, and pressure went up to {{convert|1002|hPa|inHg|abbr=on}}. The storm sped up and made its final landfall over northern Honshu on August 13 at 03:00 UTC, with winds of {{convert|80|km/h|mph|round=5|abbr=on}} and pressure of {{convert|1004|hPa|inHg|abbr=on}}. At 06:00 UTC, the JTWC issued its last advisory on Wendy, as it was no longer a hazard. The JMA declared the storm extratropical at the same time, and the agency continued to track the cyclone until it reached near the International Date Line at 18:00 UTC on August 15.{{cite report|first1=Kenneth R.|last1=Knapp |first2=Michael C. |last2=Kruk |first3=David H. |last3=Levinson |first4=Howard J. |last4=Diamond|first5=Charles J.|last5=Neumann|year=2010|work=The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS): Unifying tropical cyclone best track data|title=1960 WENDY (1960223N23136)|publisher=Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society|access-date=May 7, 2017|url=http://atms.unca.edu/ibtracs/ibtracs_v03r04/browse-ibtracs/index.php?name=v03r04-1960223N23136}}

The development of the storm was considered unusual by the JTWC and the United States Weather Bureau (USWB). During most of its duration, Wendy did not sustain a circulation at {{convert|200|-|300|hPa|inHg|abbr=on}} levels, and formed over an area of upper level convergence. Wendy also developed within the circulation of Virginia, which lead the JTWC to possibly consider Wendy as Virginia's "offspring".

Wendy caused damage to the Kinki and Chūbu regions of Japan from August 12 to 13.{{cite web|title=Typhoon 196012 (WENDY)|url=http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/cgi-bin/dt/dsummary.pl?id=196012&basin=wnp&lang=en|work=Digital Typhoon|publisher=National Institute of Informatics|access-date=May 31, 2015|author=Kitamoto Asanobu}} The typhoon dropped around {{convert|15|-|20|in|mm|order=flip}} of rain{{cite news|title=Typhoon Wendy Brings 20-Inch Rain to Japan|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2520116/the_corpus_christi_callertimes/|access-date=May 1, 2017|work=The Corpus Christi Caller-Times|agency=Associated Press|date=August 13, 1960|location=Corpus Christi, Texas|page=8|via=Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} and winds of {{convert|67|mph|km/h|abbr=on|order=flip}} were recorded on Shikoku.{{cite news|title=Typhoon Hits Japan|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10688756/the_times_record/|access-date=May 1, 2017|work=The Times Record|agency=Associated Press|date=August 12, 1960|location=Troy, New York|page=4|via=Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} The floods caused the Nagara River to overflow its banks at four locations, and it also destroyed more than 260 bridges. The floods inundated 21,144 houses and destroyed 449 of them. It also damaged {{convert|7764|ha|acre}} of land, and more than 450 landslides were reported.{{cite news|title=F.E. Rains Kill 21; Floods Hit P.I.|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/isaac-wong-disaster-clipping-aug-16-1960-267418/|access-date=May 2, 2017|work=Pacific Stars and Stripes|agency=Stars and Stripes|date=August 16, 1960|location=Tokyo, Japan|page=1|language=en|via=NewspaperARCHIVE}} {{open access}} In small villages across the Shizuoka and Gifu prefectures, 1,000 people were rescued by Japan Air Self-Defense Force helicopters.{{cite news|title=18 Are Killed in Japan by Typhoon and Floods|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2520026/wisconsin_state_journal/|access-date=May 1, 2017|work=Wisconsin State Journal|agency=Associated Press|date=August 17, 1960|location=Madison, Wisconsin|page=10|via=Newspapers.com}} {{open access}} During the storm, 1,500 climbers were stranded in the Northern Alps, with no injuries and low supplies. The total count was 28 people killed, 19 missing, and 154 injuries. Three of those casualties were construction workers who were struck by lightning on a construction site in the Aichi Prefecture.{{cite news|title=18 Japs Killed, 26 Missing in Typhoon Wendy Rains|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10688485/the_morning_news/|agency=Associated Press|work=The Morning News|date=August 15, 1960|location=Wilmington, Delaware|access-date=May 1, 2017|page=13|via=Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}

• Typhoon Ida (1958)
• Typhoon Vera
• Typhoon Nancy (1961)

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Category:1960 in Japan