USC&GS Carlile P. Patterson
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{{Infobox ship image |Ship image=USCSGS Carlile P. Patterson.jpg |Ship caption=USC&GS Carlile P. Patterson }} {{Infobox ship career |Hide header= |Ship country=United States |Ship flag={{USN flag|1883}} 60 px |Ship name=USC&GS Carlile P. Patterson |Ship namesake=Carlile P. Patterson (1816–1881), Superintendent of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey |Ship owner=*United States Coast and Geodetic Survey (1883–1918);
|Ship operator= |Ship registry= |Ship route= |Ship ordered=1883 |Ship awarded= |Ship builder=James D. Leary, Brooklyn, New York |Ship original cost=$100,000 |Ship yard number= |Ship way number= |Ship laid down= |Ship launched=January 15, 1884 |Ship sponsor=Miss Katie Patterson, daughter of the late Capt. Carlile P. Patterson |Ship christened= |Ship completed= |Ship acquired= |Ship commissioned=April 1, 1884 |Ship recommissioned=1918 (United States Navy) |Ship decommissioned=1919 |Ship maiden voyage= |Ship in service=1884–1919, 1924–1938 |Ship out of service=1919–1924 (?) |Ship renamed=Forward, August 15, 1918; Patterson 1924 or earlier |Ship reclassified= |Ship refit= |Ship struck= |Ship reinstated= |Ship homeport= |Ship identification= |Ship motto= |Ship nickname= |Ship honours= |Ship honors= |Ship captured= |Ship fate=Wrecked, 1938 |Ship notes= |Ship badge= }} {{Infobox ship characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship class= |Ship type=Survey ship |Ship tonnage=604 |Ship displacement=719 |Ship length={{convert|163|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} |Ship beam={{convert|27.4|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} |Ship height= |Ship draught= |Ship draft={{convert|14.2|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} |Ship depth= |Ship hold depth={{convert|10.3|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} |Ship decks=2 |Ship deck clearance={{convert|7|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} upper deck |Ship ice class= |Ship power=Cross compound vertical steam engine, cylinders 17 and 31 inches × 28 inch stroke, 215 ihp; replaced by 325 hp diesel 1924 |Ship propulsion=8 ft screw |Ship sail plan=Barkentine |Ship speed={{convert|7|–|9|kn|lk=in}} (steam) |Ship range= |Ship endurance= |Ship boats=7 |Ship capacity= |Ship crew=12–13 officers, 40–46 crewmen |Ship EW= |Ship armament=Gatling guns; 2 × 6-pounder guns during naval service |Ship notes= }} |
USC&GS Carlile P. Patterson was a survey ship of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey in operation between 1883 and 1918. Subsequently, she had a brief period of naval service and fifteen seasons as a merchant vessel before she was wrecked on the Alaska coast in 1938.
Construction
File:PSM V44 D349 The sigsbee deep sea sounding machine.jpg
Carlile P. Patterson was named for Carlile Pollock Patterson, fourth Superintendent of the Coast Survey and first of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. The New York Times credited the design to Commander Colby Mitchell Chester, USN, at that time Hydrographic Inspector in USC&GS. Naval architect Samuel Hartt Pook, U.S. Naval Constructor, was credited with supervising the drawings. She was built of wood in James D. Leary's yard at Williamsburg (Brooklyn) New York. Frames were white oak with cedar tops; planking, beams and lower deck were yellow pine, the upper deck was white pine. Her hull was fitted with iron diagonal braces, and five watertight bulkheads (three wood, two iron). Power was a cross compound vertical steam engine (one source reports {{convert|356|hp|abbr=on|lk=in|disp=comma}}, another source says {{convert|215|ihp|lk=in|abbr=on|disp=comma}}; this difference may represent different calculation or measurement methods) and she could carry 133 tons of coal as fuel. Her machinery was constructed by Neafie & Levy of Philadelphia. She was rigged as a barkentine with double topsail yards; standing rigging was galvanized charcoal-iron wire. Her boats were two steam launches, two cutters, two whaleboats, and a dinghy. Her deckhouse, {{convert|13|×|62|ft|m|abbr=on}}, included the engine and boiler rooms, galley, pantry, and a drafting room. She carried a Sigsbee piano-wire sounding machine, state-of-the-art for deep-water hydrography, holding five miles of wire. Lieutenant Richardson Clover, USN, supervised construction and became her first commander.The New York Times January 16, 1884, p. 8. [https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1884/01/16/106137376.pdf The New Coast Survey Steamer.; Launch of a Vessel for the Alaskan Coast Survey.]NOAA [http://www.thsoa.org/pdf/cgs_afe_12.pdf Field Engineers Bulletin] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425230537/http://www.thsoa.org/pdf/cgs_afe_12.pdf |date=2012-04-25 }} 1938, issue 12 p. 177Bureau of Navigation, US Dept. of Commerce. Annual list of merchant vessels of the United States 1913 [https://books.google.com/books?id=SV4uAAAAYAAJ] p. 458
Federal career
File:Patterson soundings NOAA theb3796.jpg
Carlile P. Patterson departed Hampton Roads for the west coast on July 30, 1884. She traveled by way of the Straits of Magellan, with stops at Madeira, Rio de Janeiro, Montevideo, Punta Arenas, Valparaíso, Callao, Panama, San Diego, and Santa Barbara. She arrived at San Francisco February 13, 1885, and immediately began preparations for her first season of surveying.Lukens, R. R. [http://www.history.noaa.gov/stories_tales/patterson.html Through the straits of Magellan on the Patterson] NOAA (Report of an oral history related by Thomas Ellingson) [http://www.thsoa.org/pdf/cgs_afe_13.pdf Original, with editor's footnotes relating to the history of the Patterson] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425230550/http://www.thsoa.org/pdf/cgs_afe_13.pdf |date=2012-04-25 }} She left for Sitka April 26 and began survey work May 27.
Carlile P. Patterson was primarily used as a survey vessel off the coast of Alaska and numerous Alaskan features were named by the assorted crews of the steamer.{{cite book|title=Geographic Dictionary of Alaska|last=Baker|first=Marcus|edition=2nd |year=1906|location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=Government Printing Office|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_JKoPAAAAIAAJ}} She also served in other west-coast locations and in the Hawaiian Islands. On November 2, 1899 she was damaged when hit by the ferry {{SS|City of Seattle||2}} while at anchor, receiving $1,200 in damage.{{cite web |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hb1k9d&view=1up&seq=41 |title=Annual report of the Supervising Inspector-general Steamboat-inspection Service, Year ending June 30, 1900|access-date=10 June 2019}} In 1914, she found and rescued 26 members of the crew of {{ship|USRC|Tahoma|1909|6}} after that ship struck an uncharted reef in the Aleutians and sank.[https://books.google.com/books?id=TcJMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA765 Report of the superintendent, U.S Coast and Geodetic Survey], in Reports of the Department of Commerce; Report of the Secretary of Commerce and reports of bureaus. Govt. Print. Off., Washington. 1916 pp. 764–5
In 1918, Carlile P. Patterson was transferred to the United States Navy for use as a patrol ship during the last months of World War I. She was renamed Forward on August 15, 1918, and performed both patrol and hydrographic duties in Alaska and off the Mexican coast.{{cite web|title=Carlile P. Patterson |work=NOAA History|date=8 June 2006|access-date=2008-10-08|url=http://www.history.noaa.gov/ships/patterson.html}}{{cite web|title=Forward|work=Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships|access-date=2010-05-06 |url=http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/f4/forward.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20121212224833/http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/f4/forward.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=December 12, 2012}} The reason for the renaming is not stated, but there was already a destroyer {{USS|Patterson|DD-36|6}}, named for Commodore Daniel Patterson, the father of Carlile P. Patterson. Subsequently, she was returned to the Coast and Geodetic Survey in 1919. The Survey judged she was no longer strong enough for offshore use, and too slow for cost-effective hydrographic work, so she was sold.[https://books.google.com/books?id=kv0qAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA826 Report of the superintendent, U.S Coast and Geodetic Survey], in Reports of the Department of Commerce; Report of the Secretary of Commerce and reports of bureaus. Govt. Print. Off., Washington. 1920 p. 826 She was out of service several years.
Merchant career
In 1924, the Washington Tug and Barge Co. sold Carlile P. Patterson to C.K. West Co. of Portland Oregon who converted her to a motorship for operation along the Oregon coast; the steam engine was replaced with a diesel, probably the four-cylinder Bolinder engine she had in 1930. It was probably at this time or a year later that she underwent a substantial rebuilding. Her deckhouse, bowsprit and eventually also her mizzenmast were removed, her bow was reshaped, and the fore and main masts were replaced with, or reduced to, pole masts. A stern deckhouse and superstructure were constructed. These changes are evident in the photos of the 1938 shipwreck (this article and external links) and in a 1930 photo taken at Herschel Island.Tacoma Public Library, [http://search.tpl.lib.wa.us/ships "Ships and Shipping Database"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106022838/http://search.tpl.lib.wa.us/ships/ |date=2010-01-06 }} query Patterson; this reference quotes Gordon Newell, "Maritime Events of 1924", H.W. McCurdy, Marine History of the Pacific Northwest. Seattle: Superior Publishing Company, 1966, p. 354. /Lloyds Register of Ships, 1930 available at [http://www.plimsollshipdata.org/ship.php?ship_id=54198&name=Patterson Plimsoll Ship Data] search PattersonYukon Department of Tourism and Culture [http://www.tc.gov.yk.ca/1738.html L'île Herschel: Qikiqtaruk – Guide du patrimoine historique] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130219193134/http://www.tc.gov.yk.ca/1738.html |date=2013-02-19 }} Article in French; fourth photograph is the Patterson at Pauline Cove, Herschel Island. Yukon Department of Tourism and Culture, in response to a query, state the photo is from the University of Alaska collection.
In 1925, Patterson was purchased by the Northern Whaling and Trading Company. From then through 1936 she operated as an Arctic trading ship under Captain Christian Theodore Pedersen, operating between San Francisco and Herschel Island with stops along the Alaska coast.Kitikmeot Heritage Society [http://www.kitikmeotheritage.ca/Angulalk/ctpeders/ctpeders.htm C. T. Pedersen and Canalaska ] accessed April 26, 2009 Subsequently, she was sold to the Alaska Patterson Co. which operated her for freight service.
Shipwreck
File:Patterson Cape Fairweather.jpg
File:Patterson aground at Cape Fairweather, Alaska 1938.jpg
Patterson was wrecked December 11, 1938, going ashore in surf and blinding rain {{convert|8|mi}} northwest of Cape Fairweather in the Gulf of Alaska, near the mouth of Sea Otter Creek. She was en route from Kodiak to Seattle when she went aground. The first mate was washed overboard and lost trying to launch a lifeboat and a crewman drowned in the swollen creek while attempting to rig a lifeline to get the crew to shore. The 18 survivors remained in the vessel until the tide went out, then reached the beach where they subsisted on supplies dropped from airplanes. Two men were flown out by Alaska pilot Sheldon Simmons who made a daring float plane landing in the creek. The remaining men hiked out to Lituya Bay with a guide, Nels Ludwinson, left by Simmons's plane. Ludwinson was a local trapper who had been jailed for drunkenness and let out early for the job. These man were picked up by Navy planes and the Coast Guard cutter {{USCGC|Haida|WPG-45|2}}.Associated Press Sarasota Herald Tribune, Dec 20, 1938 [https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Y-EcAAAAIBAJ&sjid=fWQEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1395,6589041&dq=patterson+fairweather&hl=en Trapper Leads Ship's Crew to Alaskan Camp] p. 6The New York Times Dec 25, 1938 [https://www.nytimes.com/1938/12/25/archives/cutter-saves-last-nine-of-survivors-of-wreck.html Cutter Saves Last Nine Of Survivors of Wreck] business section p. 39Minerals management Service, US Dept. of Interior [http://www.boem.gov/About-BOEM/BOEM-Regions/Alaska-Region/Ships/Index.aspx Shipwrecks off Alaska's Coast]Lloyds Register of Ships, 1938 available at [http://www.plimsollshipdata.org/ship.php?ship_id=54198&name=Patterson Plimsoll Ship Data] search PattersonCaldwell, Francis E. Land of the Ocean Mists: The Wild Ocean Coast West of Glacier Bay ProStar Publications, 2002, {{ISBN|1-57785-349-0}}, {{ISBN|978-1-57785-349-7}}. pp. 181–190.
Most of the cargo was salvaged by barge the next spring. Patterson was reportedly beaten to pieces by the surf.Tacoma Public Library, [http://search.tpl.lib.wa.us/ships "Ships and Shipping Database"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106022838/http://search.tpl.lib.wa.us/ships/ |date=2010-01-06 }} query Patterson; this reference quotes Gordon Newell, "Maritime Events of 1938", H.W. McCurdy Marine History of the Pacific Northwest, p. 465.
References
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External links
- [http://www.ktuu.com/Global/story.asp?S=12676134 Video documentary about Simmons includes 1938 rescue, Patterson photos]{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20110720105807/http://nooksack.lib.washington.edu/cdm4/item_viewer.php?CISOROOT=%2Fimlsmaritime&CISOPTR=264&CISOBOX=1&REC=35 Photo of Patterson aground 1938—close view from beach]
- [http://www.akhf.org/newsletter/april_1998_vol9_no1.pdf The Life and Times of a Mariner. Theodore Pedersen's photo archives.] Frame of Reference (Newsletter of the Alaska Humanities Forum) v9 (1), April 1998. pp. 10–13. p. 11 has a photograph of the Patterson undergoing modification in a shipyard.
- [http://ww2.glenbow.org/search/archivesPhotosResults.aspx?AC=GET_RECORD&XC=/search/archivesPhotosResults.aspx&BU=&TN=IMAGEBAN&SN=AUTO12397&SE=227&RN=32&MR=10&TR=0&TX=1000&ES=0&CS=0&XP=&RF=WebResults&EF=&DF=WebResultsDetails&RL=0&EL=0&DL=0&NP=255&ID=&MF=WPEngMsg.ini&MQ=&TI=0&DT=&ST=0&IR=100718&NR=0&NB=3&SV=0&BG=&FG=&QS=&OEX=ISO-8859-1&OEH=ISO-8859-1 Patterson in ice 1926. Glenbow Archive] Searches expired; site still good.
- [http://ww2.glenbow.org/search/archivesPhotosResults.aspx?AC=GET_RECORD&XC=/search/archivesPhotosResults.aspx&BU=&TN=IMAGEBAN&SN=AUTO12397&SE=227&RN=34&MR=10&TR=0&TX=1000&ES=0&CS=0&XP=&RF=WebResults&EF=&DF=WebResultsDetails&RL=0&EL=0&DL=0&NP=255&ID=&MF=WPEngMsg.ini&MQ=&TI=0&DT=&ST=0&IR=100720&NR=0&NB=3&SV=0&BG=&FG=&QS=&OEX=ISO-8859-1&OEH=ISO-8859-1 Patterson at Oakland, almost ready to sail with schooners loaded on deck. Glenbow Archive] Searches expired; site still good.
- {{Cite web | title = USC&GS Carlile P. Patterson
| access-date = 2014-01-07
| url = http://www.naval-history.net/OWShips-USCSurveyShipsList.htm#Pat
|work=naval-history.net
}} Summary of service record and 19 photographs
{{1938 shipwrecks}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Carlile P. Patterson}}
Category:Maritime incidents in 1938
Category:Ships built in Brooklyn
Category:Ships of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey
Category:Shipwrecks of the Alaska coast
Category:Survey ships of the United States