Uivar
{{Infobox Romanian subdivision
|type = commune
|county = Timiș
|population_total = auto
|map_caption = Location in Timiș County
|name=Uivar
|leader_name = Bogdan Săvulescu{{cite web |url=https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/romania-pv-final |title=Results of the 2020 local elections |publisher=Central Electoral Bureau |access-date=16 June 2021 |df=dmy-all}}
|leader_term = 2020–2024
|leader_party = PMP
|image_map = Uivar jud Timis.svg
|coordinates = {{coord|45|39|N|20|54|E|region:RO|display=it}}
|image_skyline =
|image_shield = ROU TM Uivar CoA.PNG
|established_date = 1811
|area_footnotes = {{cite web |url=https://www.primariauivar.ro/informatii/informatii-generale |title=Informații generale |work=Primăria comunei Uivar}}
|area_total_km2 = 97.1
|elevation_m =
|postal_code = 307445–307451
|website = {{URL|https://www.primariauivar.ro/}}
}}
Uivar ({{langx|hu|Újvár}}; {{langx|de|Neuburg an der Bega}}) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Pustiniș, Răuți, Sânmartinu Maghiar and Uivar (commune seat). Two other villages, Otelec and Iohanisfeld, which had been part of Uivar commune since 1968, were split off in 2008 to form Otelec commune.{{cite web |url=http://www.cdep.ro/proiecte/2007/600/70/2/cd672_07.pdf |title=Lege privind înființarea comunei Otelec, prin reorganizarea comunei Uivar, județul Timiș |work=Camera Deputaților}}
Name
History
Remains of Neolithic, Daco-Roman and medieval settlements were discovered on the territory of the commune. Archaeological excavations here revealed a Neolithic settlement from the 5th millennium BC that belongs to the Vinča culture.{{cite book |url=https://magazines.ulbsibiu.ro/arheologie/publicatii/bibliotheca/banat%20repertoriu%20mare/repertoriubanat.pdf |title=Descoperiri arheologice din Banatul românesc: repertoriu |last=Luca |first=Sabin Adrian |publisher=Altip |location=Alba Iulia |date=2006 |isbn=973-7724-84-4 |pages=261–262}}
The first recorded mention of Uivar dates from 1811, when 50 German families were colonized here.{{cite book |title=Dicționar toponimic și geografico-istoric al localităților din județul Timiș |last=Crețan |first=Remus |publisher=Editura Universității de Vest |location=Timișoara |date=2006 |page=151 |isbn=973-7608-65-8}}{{cite book |title=Monografia Banatului |last=Lotreanu |first=Ioan |publisher=Institutul de Arte Grafice „Țara” |location=Timișoara |date=1935 |page=429}} Each family then received 32 jugers of arable land. In 1851 a new wave of colonization took place, this time with Hungarians from the Szeged area and Germans. The village then became German-Hungarian, but over time the Hungarian element dissipated, leaving an overwhelming majority of Germans. After World War II, their number began to decline sharply and they were gradually replaced by Romanians from other parts of Banat as well as Vojvodina, Transylvania, Western Moldavia and Oltenia. Today the village is mostly Romanian.
Demographics
{{Pie chart
|thumb=left
|caption=Ethnic composition (2011)
|label1=Romanians|value1=73.79|color1=#8080ff
|label2=Hungarians|value2=16.06|color2=#80ff80
|label3=Roma|value3=4.65|color3=#80ffff
|label4=Unknown|value4=4.4|color4=#9f9f9f
|label5=Others|value5=1.1|color5=#555555}}
{{Pie chart
|thumb=left
|style=clear:none;
|caption=Religious composition (2011)
|label1=Orthodox|value1=56.34|color1=#8080ff
|label2=Roman Catholics|value2=20.67|color2=#ffff80
|label3=Greek Catholics|value3=12.19|color3=#ff80ff
|label4=Pentecostals|value4=4.53|color4=#3fc03f
|label5=Unknown|value5=4.4|color5=#c0c0c0
|label6=Others|value6=1.87|color6=#9f9f9f}}
Uivar had a population of 2,453 inhabitants at the 2011 census, down 10% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (73.79%), larger minorities being represented by Hungarians (16.06%) and Roma (4.65%). For 4.4% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.{{cite web |url=http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/sR_Tab_8.xls |title=Tab8. Populația stabilă după etnie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune |work=Institutul Național de Statistică}} By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (56.34%), but there are also minorities of Roman Catholics (20.67%), Greek Catholics (12.19%) and Pentecostals (4.53%). For 4.4% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.{{cite web |url=http://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/sR_TAB_13.xls |title=Tab13. Populația stabilă după religie – județe, municipii, orașe, comune |work=Institutul Național de Statistică}}
| class="toccolours" | ||||||
| align="center" colspan="2" style="background:#ccccff;" | Census{{cite web |url=http://www.kia.hu/konyvtar/erdely/erd2002/tmetn02.pdf |title=Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002 |last=Varga |first=E. Árpád}}
! align="center" colspan="5" style="background:#ccccff;" | Ethnic composition | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Population | Romanians | Hungarians | Germans | Roma | Serbs |
| 1880 | 3,928 | 684 | 1,730 | 1,487 | – | 20 |
| 1890 | 4,884 | 704 | 1,709 | 2,407 | – | 47 |
| 1900 | 5,109 | 770 | 1,766 | 2,390 | – | 168 |
| 1910 | 4,925 | 868 | 1,895 | 2,075 | – | 59 |
| 1920 | 1,964{{efn|Data on the populations of Pustiniș and Uivar missing}} | 22 | 1,517 | 418 | – | – |
| 1930 | 4,889 | 942 | 1,934 | 1,922 | 56 | 29 |
| 1941 | 4,610 | 868 | 1,807 | 1,823 | – | – |
| 1956 | 4,620 | – | – | – | – | – |
| 1966 | 4,128 | 2,035 | 1,404 | 657 | 5 | 26 |
| 1977 | 3,525 | 1,988 | 1,052 | 417 | 51 | 12 |
| 1992 | 2,687 | 1,818 | 673 | 62 | 122 | 9 |
| 2002 | 2,716 | 1,946 | 567 | 38 | 147 | 7 |
| 2011 | 2,453 | 1,810 | 394 | 17 | 114 | 5 |
Notes
{{Notelist}}