Ulmus minor

The tree typically grows to < 30 m (98 ft) and bears a rounded crown.Photographs of Ulmus minor in France (L’orme de Martailly-lès-Brancion), krapooarboricole.wordpress.com [http://krapooarboricole.wordpress.com/category/arbres-coup-de-coeur/ormes/] ; in Portugal, 1.bp.blogspot.com [http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_S20HPrGKodc/SVJ-IqZGDyI/AAAAAAAAENA/1w0jVsk1zG0/s1600-h/ulmeiro1.JPG]. The bark of the trunk is rough, furrowed lightly in older trees to form a block pattern. Young branchlets occasionally have corky wings. The shoots are slender compared with those of wych elm. The leaves are smaller than those of the other European species, hence the specific epithet minor, however they can vary greatly according to the maturity of the tree. Leaves on juvenile growth (suckers, seedlings etc.) are coarse and pubescent, whereas those on mature growth are generally smooth, though remaining highly variable in form; there are generally fewer than 12 pairs of side veins.{{Naturalis Biodiversity Center |id=L.4222648 }} Labelled Ulmus carpinifolia Gled., Pont du Gard, France, 1981 A common characteristic is the presence of minute black glands along the leaf veins, detectable with the aid of a magnifying glass. The samarae are oval or obovate, glabrous, {{convert|12|–|15|mm|in|frac=32|abbr=on}} long, notched at the top, with the seed close to the notch.Bean, W. J. (1981). Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain, 7th edition. Murray, London. [http://beanstreesandshrubs.org/browse/ulmus/ulmus-carpinifolia-gleditsch/] Ulmus minor in France generally begins to flower and fruit when aged 10 years.Brookes, A. H. (2020). Great Fontley Elm Trial, 2020 Report. Butterfly Conservation, Lulworth, England.

The species readily produces suckers from roots and stumps, even after devastation by Dutch elm disease; consequently genetic resources are not considered endangered.{{cite web | url=http://www.ipgri.cgiar.org:80/networks/euforgen/Networks/Noble_Hardwoods/Strategies/UlmusSppConsStrategy.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030929123356/http://www.ipgri.cgiar.org:80/networks/euforgen/Networks/Noble_Hardwoods/Strategies/UlmusSppConsStrategy.htm | archive-date=2003-09-29 | title=European elms (Ulmus SPP.) genetic resources conservation strategy }}

File:East Coker elm, 2.jpg|Typical U. minor form, East Coker, UK (2008)

File:Ulmus minor ex Provence flower.jpg|U. minor inflorescence

File:Ulmus minor ex Provence samarae.jpg|U. minor samarae

File:20170911Ulmus minor2.jpg|U. minor foliage

Image:Ulmus-minor-foliage-mosaic.JPG|U. minor foliage

Image:U. minor leaf.jpg|Leaf and 1 Euro coin

Image:Ulmus minor 14.jpg|Root-suckers spreading around a field elm

File:Ulmus minor Stapleford bark.jpg|Bark of Stapleford elm, UK

File:Полски бряст (стар) - кора.JPG|Bark of U. minor, Bulgaria

The species has a hugely variable reaction to Dutch elm disease (DED), including all the fashionable pre-20th century plantsman's clones (see Subspecies and varieties). However, field elm is genetically highly variable; Italian specimens when inoculated with the pathogen displayed between 15 and 100% dieback and between 70 and 100% wilting.Solla, A., Bohnens, J., Collin, E., Diamandis, S., Franke, A., Gil, L., Burón, M., Santini, A., Mittempergher, L., Pinon, J., Vanden Broeck, A. (2005). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229069171_Screening_European_Elms_for_resistance_to_Ophiostoma_novo-ulmi Screening European elms for resistance to Ophiostoma novo-ulmi]. Forest Science, 51(2) 2005 134-141.

Tolerance of elm yellows (phloem necrosis) is generally good, U. minor exhibiting symptoms such as the 'witch's broom' only sporadically throughout Italy, including Sicily and Sardinia, however the disease was often locally common within the species in France, including Paris.Mittempergher, L. (2000). Elm Yellows in Europe. in Dunn, C.P., (ed.): The Elms, Breeding, Conservation, & Disease Management. 104-105. Boston: Kluwer Academuic Publishing.

U. minor in general and a number of clones in particular (see 'Cultivars' below) were once commonly cultivated across Europe in town and country, but owing to its susceptibility to Dutch elm disease, U. minor is now uncommon in cultivation. However, in an ongoing project that began in the 1990s, several thousand surviving field elms have been tested for innate resistance by national research institutes in the EU, with a view to returning field elm to cultivation. Results from Spain (2013), for example, confirm that a very small number of surviving field elms (about 0.5% of those tested) appear to have comparatively high levels of tolerance of the disease, and it is hoped that a controlled crossing of the best of these will produce resistant Ulmus minor hybrids for cultivation.[http://www.resistantelms.co.uk/spanish-clones/ ‘Spanish Clones’ (Oct. 2013) resistantelms.co.uk]

In the UK, despite its late leaf-flush in the north and its suckering habits, continental U. minor was occasionally planted as an ornamental urban tree. Augustine Henry wrote in 1913 that the U. minor planted in parks in Scotland were of French origin.{{cite book |last1=Elwes |first1=Henry John |last2=Henry |first2=Augustine |title=The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume VII |date=1913 |location=Edinburgh |isbn=9781108069380 |page=1897–8 |url=https://archive.org/details/treesofgreatbrit07elweuoft/page/1897/mode/2up }} More recently U. minor seed was imported to the UK from Italy.E. E. Kemp (Curator, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 1950-71) in After the Elm, eds. Clouston & Stansfield, (London, 1979) There are mature survivors in Edinburgh that are not the common U. minor cultivars (2015).Boswall Rd [two]; corner of Abbey Mount and Regent Rd; News Steps; Carlton Terrace Brae; Links Place; Seafield Place. Verified by samarae, leaves, suckering habit, form, and late leaf-flush; trees all on Streetview.

U. minor has been introduced to the southern hemisphere, notably Australasia and Argentina.Hiersch, H., Hensen, I., Zalapa, J. Guries, R. & Brunet, J. (2013). Is hybridization a necessary condition for the evolution of invasiveness in non-native Siberian elm? Abstracts. Third International Elm Conference 2013. The elm after 100 years of Dutch elm disease. Florence,  p.45. [http://elm2013.ipp.cnr.it/downloads/book_of_abstracts.pdf Abstract].

Image:Ulmus minor seedlings.jpg|U. minor seedlings

U. minor can live to a great age. An ancient field elm stood until recently in the village square of Metaxades, Thrace, Greece. Having abandoned their original village in 1286 after cholera outbreaks, the villagers re-founded it in the hills where a young elm was growing beside a spring. An elm (reputedly the original) and the fountain were the focal-point of the village until the late 20th century.{{Cite web |url=http://gym-metax.evr.sch.gr/dimos_metaxadon/metax_history.htm |title=Η ιστορία των Μεταξάδων |access-date=2010-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721083036/http://gym-metax.evr.sch.gr/dimos_metaxadon/metax_history.htm |archive-date=2011-07-21 |url-status=dead }} The tallest recorded field elms in Greece were two specimens planted in 1650 beside the newly built church of the Archangels Michael and Gabriel, in Omali Voiou (Oμαλή Bοΐου) near Siatista, which, despite being open-grown trees, attained a height of 40 metres by the mid-20th century.The elms of Omali Voiou: «Oι εκκλησίες της Oμαλής Bοΐου» [:The Churches of Omali Voiou], photograph 7 (p.25): www.scribd.com [https://www.scribd.com/doc/112445341/%CE%BF%CE%B9-%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82-%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82-%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%82-%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%90%CE%BF%CF%85] The immemorial elm opposite the village square of Aidona in Thessaly, Greece[https://web.archive.org/web/20140506172652/https://sites.google.com/site/prostateuomenespertrikalwn/prostateuomenes-perioches-periphereiakes-enotetas-trikalon/diateretea-mnemeia-physes/phtelia-tes-aedonas-kalampakas Summer photograph of the centuries-old Aidona elm: sites.google.com][http://nikos-manitarielassonas.blogspot.co.uk/2011/02/blog-post.html Winter photograph of Aidona elm: nikos-manitarielassonas, photograph 3] which has been "listed" as a national "Monument of Nature",Διατηρητέα Μνημεία της Φύσεως αριθ.36 (:Listed Monuments of Nature, No. 36): https://web.archive.org/web/20080616173320/http://users.otenet.gr/~theonik/peribal/esthitik.htm lost its crown in a recent storm (2009) and has now been pollarded; it is regenerating vigorously. A rare example of a centuries-old field elm that retains its heartwood and crown is the 360-year-old specimen in the village square of Strinylas, Corfu.[http://www.greeka.com/ionian/corfu/corfu-pictures/strinilas-pictures/members-1.htm The elm in Strinylas, Corfu: greeka.com]The elm in Strinylas, Corfu: greeka.com/ionian/corfu/corfu-villages/strinilas-corfu.htm; https://web.archive.org/web/20011224222535/http://www.manfred-peters.de/Titel_Korfu_Tip_Nord.htm[https://web.archive.org/web/20181216031550/http://static.panoramio.com/photos/original/19585616.jpg The elm in Strinylas, Corfu: static.panoramio.com]

A tree said to be of similar age (200 cm d.b.h.) still stands (2013) in the city of Sliven, Bulgaria; other veterans are said to survive in the village of Samuilovo, 7 km from Sliven.European Tree of the Year 2013, facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=655819444441287&set=a.366730233350211.84042.112234408799796&type=1&relevant_count=1&ref=nf[https://web.archive.org/web/20140111131358/http://www.panoramio.com/photo/98111069 Sliven Elm in autumn (photo: Rositsa Mitkova), panoramio.com]{{Cite web |url=http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Lifestyle/ScienceAndNature/Pages/030114TheSlivenelmtree.aspx |title='The Sliven elm-tree runs for European Tree of the Year', bnr.bg |access-date=2014-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111201713/http://bnr.bg/sites/en/Lifestyle/ScienceAndNature/Pages/030114TheSlivenelmtree.aspx |archive-date=2014-01-11 |url-status=dead }}

In France, a tree reputedly over 650 years old survived in the centre of Biscarrosse south of Bordeaux until the summer of 2010, when it finally succumbed to Dutch elm disease.krapooarboricole.wordpress.com, [http://krapooarboricole.wordpress.com/2008/02/05/lorme-multi-seculaire-de-biscarosse-40/] [http://www.sudouest.fr/2010/08/28/l-orme-legendaire-171211-3307.php] [http://www.pijouls.com/albums/alblormedebiscarrosse/page_01.htm] Another veteran with a 6-metre girth survives at Bettange, France, close to the Belgian border, reputedly planted in 1593.arbresvenerables.free.fr {{cite web |url=http://arbresvenerables.free.fr/ArbresVenerables/France%20GB.htm |title=Venerable Trees of the Earth - France |access-date=2015-02-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502060022/http://arbresvenerables.free.fr/ArbresVenerables/France%20GB.htm |archive-date=2008-05-02 }}, krapooarboricole.wordpress.com [http://krapooarboricole.wordpress.com/category/arbres-coup-de-coeur/ormes/page/2/] Other wrecks include 'l'ormeau de Sully' in Villesèquelande near Carcassonne,[https://web.archive.org/web/20171007021653/http://www.panoramio.com/photo/9735222 L'Ormeau de Sully, Villesèquelande, panoramio.com] "a magnificent tree supported by three metal props", said to have been planted in the early 17th C by the Duc de Sully,sullystrees.weebly.com/list-of-trees-by-french-departements.html

A tree approximately 400 years old and 5.55 metres in girth grows in the town of Mergozzo in Piedmont, Italy. 'L'olmo di Mergozzo', like its French counterparts 'l'orme de Biscarosse' and 'l’orme de Bettange', is hollowed out by age, its life prolonged by lopping, while in Spain the elm in the Plaza del Olmo ("Elm square" in Spanish) in Navajas, Valencia, is 6.3 metres in girth; planted in 1636 it features on the town crest.[http://www.navajas.es/portal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6&Itemid=7 Ayuntamiento de Navajas, Historia y patrimonio]

In England, large specimens once identified as U. minor subsp. minor, the narrow- or smooth-leafed elm, were once commonplace in the eastern counties before the advent of DED. The largest recorded tree in the UK grew at Great Amwell, Hertfordshire, measuring 40 m in height and 228 cm d.b.h. in 1911.{{cite book |last1=Elwes |first1=Henry John |last2=Henry |first2=Augustine |title=The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume VII |date=1913 |location=Edinburgh |isbn=9781108069380 |page=1899 |url=https://archive.org/details/treesofgreatbrit07elweuoft/page/1898/mode/2up?q=amwell |access-date=15 December 2021}} Another famous specimen was the great elm that towered above its two siblings at the bottom of Long Melford Green, Long Melford, Suffolk,Photograph of the great elms on Long Melford Green (Francis Frith Collection, images.francisfrith.com) [http://images.francisfrith.com/c10/450/39/L101004.jpg] till the group succumbed to disease in 1978. The three "were survivors of a former clone of at least nine elms, one dating from 1757".Photograph, plate XXI(h), in Oliver Rackham, A History of the Countryside (London, 1986),  p.236. The Long Melford elms were painted in 1940 by the watercolourist S. R. Badmin in his 'Long Melford Green on a Frosty Morning', now in the Victoria and Albert Museum.S. R. Badmin's 'Long Melford Green on a Frosty Morning', Victoria and Albert Museum [https://web.archive.org/web/20110803223448/http://www.vam.ac.uk/users/node/16047] The largest known surviving trees in England are at East Coker, Somerset (30 m high, 95 cm d.b.h.), Termitts Farm near Hatfield Peverel, Essex (25 m high, 145 d.b.h.), and Melchbourne, Bedfordshire, (147 cm d.b.h.).[http://www.treeregister.org/treecollections/ Tree Register Of the British Isles (TROBI)]

File:Biscarrosse Elm 2.jpg|U. minor, Biscarrosse, France, died 2010

File:Barjols 16 Villesequelande elm 1.jpg|U. minor, Ville-sequelande, France, planted 17th century

File:Orme de Gorbio.jpg|Gorbio elm, Alpes-Mariti-mes, planted 1713 (2010)

File:The Elm-tree in The Place, Gorbio.jpg|The Gorbio elm, Alpes-Maritimes, in 1910

File:Elm tree in Sliven Province, Bulgaria.jpg|Old U. minor, Sliven, Bulgaria

File:Ulmus minor, Nostra Signora di Castro, Oschiri, Sardinia, Italy.jpg|U. minor, Our Lady of Castro, Oschiri, Sardinia

File:Ulmus minor, Nostra Signora di Castro, Oschiri, Sardinia, Italy 2.jpg|U. minor, Our Lady of Castro, Oschiri, Sardinia

File:Olmo de Cambil.JPG|U. minor, Cambil, Andalucía, Spain (2012)

File:Navajas. Plaza del Olmo 1.jpg|U. minor, Navajas, Valencia (2010)

File:Navajas. Plaza del Olmo. Fiestas Mayores 5.jpg|U. minor, Navajas, Valencia (2017)

File:Ulmus minor at Fox-Amphoux.jpg|U. minor village perché Fox-Amphoux, Provence, 2017

File:Yass Riverside Park Tree.JPG|U. minor, Riverside Park, Yass, New South Wales

The name Ulmus minor subsp. minor was used by R. H. RichensRichens, R. H., Elm (Cambridge 1983),  p.280 for field elm that was not English elm, Cornish elm, Plot elm or Guernsey elm. Many publications, however, continue to use plain Ulmus minor for undifferentiated field elm; indeed Dr Max Coleman of Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh argued in his 2002 paper 'British Elms' that there was no clear distinction between species and subspecies.{{cite journal | last1 = Coleman | first1 = M | year = 2002 | title = British elms | journal = British Wildlife | volume = 13 | issue = 6| pages = 390–395 }} Some authorities, among them RichensRichens, R. H., Elm (Cambridge, 1983) and Coleman, include English elm among varieties of field elm, Richens calling English elm U. minor var. vulgaris. Richens sank as undifferentiated U. minor certain local English forms such as U. minor 'Goodyeri', U. minor 'Hunnybunii', U. minor 'Sowerbyi', and U. minor 'Coritana'.{{citation needed|date=June 2023}}

Henry's Ulmus nitens var. italica, 'Mediterranean Elm' (1913), distinguished by its 14 to 18 pairs of leaf-veins,{{cite book |last1=Elwes |first1=Henry John |last2=Henry |first2=Augustine |title=The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland, Volume VII |date=1913 |location=Edinburgh |isbn=9781108069380 |page=1892–3 |url=https://archive.org/details/treesofgreatbrit07elweuoft/page/1892/mode/2up}} was accepted, despite the wide source-area claimed for it ("Italy, Spain, Portugal and Algeria"), as U. carpinifolia var. italica Henry, by Krüssman (1984), who included a photograph of a specimen in Gisselfeld Park, Denmark.Krüssman, Gerd, Manual of Cultivated Broad-Leaved Trees & Shrubs (1984 vol. 3), pl.144 Bean (1988), however, considered it "a variety of rather dubious standing",[http://beanstreesandshrubs.org/browse/ulmus/ulmus-carpinifolia-gleditsch/ Bean, W. J., Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain (1988) beanstreesandshrubs.org] and it was ignored by Richens (1983).

U. canescens Melville and U. boissieri Grudz. were both sunk as U. minor by Richens.{{cite book |last= Richens|first=R.H. |date=1983 |title=Elm |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=0g49AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA279|publisher= Cambridge University Press|page=279 §82 |isbn=9780521249164 }} The former is found throughout the eastern Mediterranean, including Palestine and Israel, and is distinguished by its leaves, densely downy on the underside when mature.Melville, R. (1957). Ulmus canescens: an eastern Mediterranean elm. Kew Bulletin: 499–502, 1957[http://flora.org.il/en/plants/ULMMIN/ Flora of Israel and adjacent areas] The latter is a little-known tree found in Iran, in the Zagros forests and the Kerman / Kermanshah area.{{cite journal |last1=Grudzinskaya |first1=I. A. |title=The new elm species - Ulmus boissieri. New species of Ulmaceae from Iran |journal=Botanicheskii Zhurnal |date=1977 |page=856 |volume=62 |issue=6 |publisher=Komarov Botanical Institute |location=St. Petersburg, Russia |url=http://en.arch.botjournal.ru/data/upload/botjournal_archive/ORIG/0005/0005313.pdf|language= ru|archive-url=https://archive.today/20230721193347/http://en.arch.botjournal.ru/data/upload/botjournal_archive/ORIG/0005/0005313.pdf|archive-date=21 July 2023|url-status=live}}

Green and Richens also sank U. minor var. suberosa (Moench) Rehder - the so-called 'Cork-barked elm', korkulme (Germany) or wiąz korkowa (Poland), as a genetically random, maritime or juvenile form of U. minor, insufficiently differentiated to merit varietal status, its name a relic of taxonomic conservatism.{{cite journal |last=Green |first=Peter Shaw |author-link=Peter Shaw Green |date=1964 |title=Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus|url=https://archive.org/stream/arnoldiaarno_21#page/40/mode/2up/|journal=Arnoldia |volume=24|pages=41–80 |number=6–8 |publisher=Arnold Arboretum, Harvard University |doi=10.5962/p.249479 |access-date=16 February 2017}}Richens, R. H., Elm (Cambridge 1983), p.83, p. 278

Numerous cultivars have been raised in Europe since the 18th century, although many are now probably either extinct owing to the ravages of Dutch elm disease, or survive unrecognized in sucker form:

{{#section:List of elm cultivars, hybrids and hybrid cultivars|Ulmus_minor_cultivars}}

File:Bonsai Poljski brijest na izložbi u Čakovcu.JPG|Bonsai field elm

The tree's natural range generously overlaps that of wych elm Ulmus glabra to the north, and readily hybridizes with it to produce the so-called 'Dutch elm' Ulmus × hollandica.Richens, R. H., Elm (Cambridge, 1983), p. 95, 233

In Spain and Italy Ulmus minor has naturally hybridized with Siberian elm U. pumila. In Spain U. pumila was introduced in the 16th century and has since spread widely, contributing to conservation concerns for U. minor.{{cite journal|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2540.2000.00740.x | pmid=11012718 | volume=85 | issue=2 | title=Identification of native and hybrid elms in Spain using isozyme gene markers | year=2000 | journal=Heredity | pages=157–166 | last1 = Miguel | doi-access=free | bibcode=2000Hered..85..157C }} In Italy U. pumila was introduced in the 1930s; research is ongoing into the extent of its hybridisation with U. minor.{{cite journal |last1=Brunet |first1=Johanne |last2=Zalapa |first2=Juan E. |last3=Pecori |first3=Francesco |last4=Santini |first4=Alberto |date=14 May 2013 |title=Hybridization and introgression between the exotic Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila, and the native Field elm, U. minor, in Italy |journal=Biol Invasions |volume=15 |issue=12 |pages=2717–2730 |doi=10.1007/s10530-013-0486-z |bibcode=2013BiInv..15.2717B |s2cid=14385250}} The resulting hybrid has not yet been given a formal botanical name, though there are cultivated forms such as 'Recerta' and 'Fiorente' (see 'Hybrid cultivars').

• Ulmus × hollandica
• Ulmus davidiana var. japonica × U. minor
• U. minor × U. pumila

U. minor hybridises naturally with U. glabra, producing elms of the Ulmus × hollandica group, from which there have arisen a number of cultivars:

{{#section:List of elm cultivars, hybrids and hybrid cultivars|Ulmus_x_hollandica_cultivars}}

The tree has featured strongly in artificial hybridization experiments in Europe and to a lesser extent in the United States. The hybrid Ulmus davidiana var. japonica × U. minor was raised at the Arnold Arboretum before 1924.[http://quercus.mortonarb.org/search.php?plantName=Ulmus&collectionCombo=&accessnbr= The Morton Arboretum Living Collection, Ulmus list, quercus.mortonarb.org] Most of the European research was based at Wageningen in the Netherlands until 1992, whence a number of hybrid cultivars have been commercially released since 1960. The earlier trees were raised in response to the initial Dutch elm disease pandemic that afflicted Europe after the First World War, and were to prove vulnerable to the much more virulent strain of the disease that arrived in the late 1960s. However, further research eventually produced several trees highly resistant to disease which were released after 1989.{{cite book|last1=Heybroek|first1=H.M.|editor1-last=Sticklen|editor1-first=Mariam B.|editor2-last=Sherald|editor2-first=James L.|title=Dutch Elm Disease Research|date=1993|publisher=Springer-Verlag|location=New York, USA|pages=16–25|access-date=26 October 2017|chapter=The Dutch Elm Breeding Program|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=avvxBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA16|isbn=978-1-4615-6874-2}}

• Arno, Clusius, Columella, Commelin, Den Haag, Fiorente, Frontier, Fuente Umbria, Groeneveld, Homestead, Lobel, Ulmus 'Nanguen' = Lutece, Pioneer, Plantyn, Plinio, Recerta, San Zanobi, Toledo, Urban, Ulmus 'Wanoux' = Vada

The elms by Willy Lott's Cottage and Flatford Mill, Suffolk, in Constable's paintings and drawings were, according to Richens, "smooth-leaved elm" (U. minor),Richens, R. H., Elm (Cambridge 1983), p.173; p.293, note 26 though the hedgerow elms in his Dedham Vale and East Bergholt landscape-paintings and drawings were otherwise "most probably East Anglian hybrid elms ... such as still grow in the same hedges".Richens, R. H., Elm (Cambridge 1983), p.166, 179

File:Constables The Hay Wain.png|Field elm beside Willy Lott's Cottage in Constable's The Hay Wain (1821)

File:Flatford Lock.jpg|The same, in Constable's Flatford Lock, Christchurch Mansion, Ipswich

• United States National Arboretum, Washington, D.C., US. Acc. nos. 12852, 64382.

• Arboretum de La Petite Loiterie [http://lapetiteloiterie.free.fr/html/presentation/especes.html], Monthodon, France. No details available
• Cambridge Botanic Garden [http://www.botanic.cam.ac.uk/], University of Cambridge, UK. No accession details available.
• Dubrava Arboretum, Lithuania. No details available.
• Grange Farm Arboretum, Sutton St James, Spalding, Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. no. not known.
• Linnaean Gardens of Uppsala, Finland. Acc. no. 1930-1013.
• Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, UK. Acc. nos. 19699368, 16899359, 19699365.Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. (2017). List of Living Accessions: Ulmus [http://elmer.rbge.org.uk/bgbase/livcol/bgbaselivcol.php?cfg=bgbase/livcol/bgbaselivcol.cfg&startrow=26]
• Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. Acc. no. not known.
• Sir Harold Hillier Gardens, Hampshire, UK. Acc. no. 2001-0188, 3 specimens collected in Iran, 2000.
• Strona Arboretum, University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. No details available.

• Eastwoodhill Arboretum [https://web.archive.org/web/20080311122431/http://www.eastwoodhill.org.nz/gardens--collection/collection.aspx?Type=&G=Ulmus], Gisborne, New Zealand. 2 trees, details not known.

None known

• Eggleston Hall Gardens [https://web.archive.org/web/20170530164942/http://egglestonhallgardens.com/], Eggleston, Barnard Castle, County Durham, UK
• Firecrest Tree & Shrub Nursery [http://www.firecrest.org.uk], Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK
• Lorenz von Ehren [https://shop.lve-baumschule.de/laubgehoelze/?p=31], Hamburg, Germany
• Trees & Hedges [http://treesandhedges.co.uk], Heathfield, East Sussex, UK
• UmbraFlor [http://www.umbraflor.it], Spello, Italy

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons category|Ulmus_minor|Field elm}}

• Ulmus minor distribution map: linnaeus.nrm.se [https://web.archive.org/web/20020223225936/http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/di/ulma/ulmus/ulmuminv.jpg]
• [http://www.euforgen.org/species/ulmus-minor/ Ulmus minor] - information, genetic conservation units and related resources. European Forest Genetic Resources Programme (EUFORGEN)
• [http://www.forestry.gov.uk/pdf/FCBK042.pdf/$FILE/FCBK042.pdf Jobling & Mitchell, 'Field Recognition of British Elms', Forestry Commission Booklet]

{{Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars |state=collapsed}}

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minor

Category:Trees of Europe

Category:Flora of Western Asia

Category:Ulmus articles with images

Category:Elm species and varieties

Category:Taxa named by Philip Miller