Uromycladium
{{Short description|Genus of fungi}}
{{Taxobox
| image = The rusts of Australia, their structure, nature, and classification (1906) (14587641697).jpg
| image_caption = E. tepperianum on Acacia armata & A. pycnantha
| regnum = Fungi
| divisio = Basidiomycota
| classis = Pucciniomycetes
| ordo = Pucciniales
| familia = Pileolariaceae
| genus = Uromycladium
| genus_authority = McAlpine (1905)
| type_species = Uromycladium simplex
| type_species_authority = McAlpine (1905)
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = ~11
}}
Uromycladium is a genus of rust fungi in the family Pileolariaceae. It was circumscribed by mycologist Daniel McAlpine in 1905.McAlpine, D. 1905. A new genus of Uredineae — Uromycladium. Ann Mycol 3(4):303–322 The genus was established by McAlpine for rusts on Acacia (Fabaceae, subfamily Mimosoideae) with teliospores that clustered at the top of a pedicel.Doungsa-ard, C., McTaggart, A.R., Geering, A.D.W., Dalisay, T.U., Ray, J. Shivas, R.G. 2015. Uromycladium falcatarium sp. nov., the cause of gall rust on Paraserianthes falcataria in south-east Asia. Australasian Plant Pathol. 44: 25–30. DOI 10.1007/s13313-014-0301-z
The genus contains at least 11 species. Some of these species infect plants in the family Mimosoideae including Acacia, Paraserianthes and Falcataria. Most species are considered to be specific to only one host species of plant, such as Uromycladium simplex on Acacia pycnanthaMcAlpine, Daniel (1906). The rusts of Australia their structure, nature and classification. Department of Agriculture (Victoria). pp. 110–12. and Uromycladium falcatarium on Falcataria moluccana. Uromycladium tepperianum, on the other hand, has almost 100 known hosts including plants from several tribes of Mimosoideae.Uromycladium tepperianum on Acacia spp.". Invasive and Emerging Fungal Pathogens – Diagnostic Fact Sheets. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2 September 2014. However, research suggests that this species may comprise several unrecognized taxa with narrower host ranges.Morris MJ (1987) Biology of the Acacia gall rust, Uromycladium tepperianum. Plant Pathol 36:100–106
Species
Species include:
- Uromycladium acaciae (Cooke) P.Syd. & Syd., 1914.
- Uromycladium alpinum McAlpine, 1906.
- Uromycladium bisporum McAlpine, 1906.
- Uromycladium cubense Arthur & J.R.Johnst., 1918.
- Uromycladium falcatarium Doungsa-ard, et al., 2015. Present in Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Timor Leste
- Uromycladium fusisporum (Cooke & Massee) Savile, 1971. Present in Australia
- Uromycladium maritimum McAlpine, 1905.
- Uromycladium morrisii Doungsa-ard, McTaggart, Geering & RG Shivas, 2018. Native to Australia, introduced to South Africa as a biological control agent{{Cite journal |last=Doungsa-ard |first=C. |last2=McTaggart |first2=A.R. |last3=Geering |first3=A.D.W. |last4=Shivas |first4=R.G. |date=2018-06-30 |title=Diversity of gall-forming rusts ( Uromycladium , Pucciniales ) on Acacia in Australia |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/10.3767/persoonia.2018.40.09 |journal=Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi |language=en |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=221–238 |doi=10.3767/persoonia.2018.40.09 |issn=0031-5850 |pmc=6146644 |pmid=30505002}}{{Cite journal |last=Wood |first=A.R. |last2=Breeÿen |first2=A. den |date=2021-12-31 |title=Plant Pathogens and Biological Control of Invasive Alien Plants in South Africa: A Review of Projects and Progress (2011–2020) |url=https://bioone.org/journals/african-entomology/volume-29/issue-3/003.029.0983/Plant-Pathogens-and-Biological-Control-of-Invasive-Alien-Plants-in/10.4001/003.029.0983.full |journal=African Entomology |volume=29 |issue=3 |doi=10.4001/003.029.0983 |issn=1021-3589}}
- Uromycladium naracoortensis
- Uromycladium notabile (F.Ludw.) McAlpine, 1906. Present in Australia
- Uromycladium robinsonii McAlpine, 1906. Present in Australia
- Uromycladium simplex McAlpine, 1905. Present in Australia
- Uromycladium tepperianum (Sacc.) McAlpine, 1905.Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. 9 April 2007. Invasive Fungi. Uromycladium tepperianum on Acacia spp.. Retrieved June 21, 2015, from /sbmlweb/fungi/index.cfm - http://nt.ars-grin.gov/taxadescriptions/factsheets/index.cfm?thisapp=Uromycladiumtepperianum {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903151338/http://nt.ars-grin.gov/taxadescriptions/factsheets/index.cfm?thisapp=Uromycladiumtepperianum |date=2014-09-03 }} Present in Australia, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Timor Leste. Introduced to South Africa.
Ecology
The rust fungi in the genus Uromycladium typically form enlarged galls at the end of actively growing plant tissues. These galls can be a significant disease limiting the growth and survival of trees planted for commercial tree plantations and agroforestry.Lestari, P., Rahayu, S., & Widiyatno. 2013. Dynamics of gall rust disease on sengon (Falcataria moluccana) in various agroforestry patterns. Procedia Environmental Sciences 17: 167–171 The acacia gall rust fungus species Uromycladium tepperianum has been introduced to South Africa as a biological control on the invasive Australian shrub Acacia saligna.Judith H. Myers, Dawn Bazely (2003). Ecology and Control of Introduced Plants. Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|0-521-35778-0}}.
The galls of Uromycladium tepperianum have been reported to be used by moths in the families Gracillariidae, Tortricidae, Tineidae, Pyralidae, and Stathmopodidae as food sources and domatium for their larvae in Australia.New, T. R. 1982. Lepidoptera from Uromycladium galls on Acacia. Australian Journal of Zoology 30(2): 357–364. Specifically in the family Gracillariidae the species Polysoma eumetalla and Conopomorpha heliopla are found feeding on the surface of various species of acacia rust galls. Erechthias mystacinella and Opogona comptella moth larvae from the family Tineidae have been reported to live and feed on the inside of Uromycladium tepperianum galls.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
{{Wikispecies}}
- [http://eol.org/pages/21161/overview.html Uromycladium on Encyclopedia of Life]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q10711033}}