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Ten weeks following the Birmingham campaign (April 3, 1963 – May 10, 1963) the Justice Department documented 758 demonstrations across the nation. Throughout the summer, there were 13,786 arrests or demonstrations in 75 cities of the 11 southern states.Scholarly sources for statement:

  • {{cite book|last1=White|first1=Theodore H.|title=The Making of the President 1964|date=1964|publisher=Harper Collins|isbn=9780062024954|pages=170-199|edition=2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RKXSPnb0QiAC&lpg=PP1&vq=758&dq=758%20demonstrations%20white%20making%20of%20a%20president&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q=demonstrations&f=false|chapter=Freedom Now — The Negro Revolution|quote=The massive Birmingham protest had triggered demonstrations all across the nation, and, like firecrackers, one popping off the next, all through May and June of 1963, Negroes took to the streets. The National Guard patrolled Cambridge, Maryland; in Jacksonville, Florida, the police cleared demonstrations with tear gas; in Memphis, Tennessee, the city fathers closed the municipal pool. And everywhere from Baton Rouge, Louisiana, to Charlottesville, Virginia, students manned the lunch-counter front.
    The turbulence spread north: in Sacramento, Negroes sat-in at the State Capitol; in Detroit they invaded City Hall and demanded the city fire its chief of police and subject him to criminal trial; in New York, Negro activists dumped garbage on City Hall Plaza; in Philadelphia they clashed with police at a construction site; in Chicago, at a cemetery that refused to bury Negroes. In the ten weeks following the Birmingham uprising, the Department of Justice counted 758 demonstrations across the nation; during the course of the summer, there were 13,786 arrests of demonstrators in seventy-five cities of the eleven Southern states alone.}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Jackson|first1=Thomas F.|title=From Civil Rights to Human Rights: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Struggle for Economic Justice|date=2013|location=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=9780812200003|pages=165-167|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6YwXAAAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA166#v=onepage&q&f=false}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Klinkner|first1=Philip A.|last2=Smith|first2=Rogers M.|title=The Unsteady March: The Rise and Decline of Racial Equality in America|date=1999|publisher=University of Chicago Press|location=Chicago|isbn=9780226443393|page=267|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bAUYJDNJRzUC&pg=PA267&lpg=PA267&dq=Theodore+White+758+demonstrations&source=bl&ots=AhrRkzWu9j&sig=7Iblng7fswiLLQFK6wWM1-N0F6U&hl=en&sa=X&ei=aBQMUs-_IYOI9gTa44HQCA&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Theodore%20White%20758%20demonstrations&f=false}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Bloom|first1=Jack M.|title=Class, Race, and the Civil Rights Movement|date=1987|publisher=Indiana University Press|location=Bloomington, Indiana|isbn=9780253204073|pages=177-178|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f7a5KxIcznAC&pg=PA177&dq=department+of+justice+civil+rights+demonstrations+758&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAGoVChMI6rzt_ozPxwIVgpQNCh0vLg7w#v=onepage&q=department%20of%20justice%20civil%20rights%20demonstrations%20758&f=false}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Walker|first1=Samuel|title=Presidents and Civil Liberties from Wilson to Obama: A Story of Poor Custodians|date=2012|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781107379244|page=217|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bjggAwAAQBAJ&lpg=PA217&dq=fbi%20demonstrations%201963&pg=PA217#v=onepage&q=fbi%20demonstrations%201963&f=false|quote=An August Justice Department memo listed 978 civil rights demonstrations across the country between late May and early August.}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Euchner|first1=Charles|title=Nobody Turn Me Around: A People's History of the 1963 March on Washington|date=2010|publisher=Beacon Press|isbn=9780807095522|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YpFWUrynUl4C&pg=PT14&dq=1963+fbi+justice+demonstrations&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjJt93Rj5DRAhWCRiYKHXepA-AQ6AEINTAD#v=onepage&q=1963%20fbi%20justice%20demonstrations&f=false|quote=To track the civil rights wildfire, the Justice Department created a poster with a grid of activities across the country. "We didn't want to rely on the alarmist statistics produced by the FBI," said John Noland, a Justice Department lawyer.}}
  • {{cite book|last1=Schlesinger|first1=Arthur M., Jr.|title=Journals: 1952-2000|date=2007|publisher=Penguin|isbn=9781101202647|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eJ1JrTY6-K8C&lpg=PT207&ots=JTh9j0Co1W&dq=%22My%20guess%20is%20that%20May-June%201963%20will%20go%20down%20in%20history%20as%20the%20great%20turning%20point%20in%20the%20fight%20for%20Negro%20equality.%20There%20has%20been%20nothing%20like%20it%20in&pg=PT207#v=onepage&q=%22My%20guess%20is%20that%20May-June%201963%20will%20go%20down%20in%20history%20as%20the%20great%20turning%20point%20in%20the%20fight%20for%20Negro%20equality.%20There%20has%20been%20nothing%20like%20it%20in&f=false|quote=My guess is that May-June 1963 will go down in history as the great turning point in the fight for Negro equality. There has been nothing like it in the way of spontaneous mass democracy in this county since the surge of labor organization in the summer of 1937.}}
  • {{cite journal|last1=McAdam|first1=Doug|title=Tactical Innovation and the Pace of Insurgency|journal=American Sociological Review|date=December 1983|volume=48|issue=6|pages=735-754|url=http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/polisci/faculty/chwe/austen/mcadamtactical.pdf}}

Government sources for statement:

  • {{cite web|author1=United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division|title=Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, July 1963|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Archives/BMPP-032-004.aspx|website=John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum|accessdate=25 December 2016|pages=130}}
  • {{cite web|author1=United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division|title=Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, August 1963 (1 of 2 folders)|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Archives/BMPP-032-005.aspx|website=John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum|accessdate=25 December 2016|pages=82}}
  • {{cite web|author1=United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division|title=Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, August 1963 (2 of 2 folders)|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Archives/BMPP-032-006.aspx|website=John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum|accessdate=25 December 2016|pages=72}}
  • {{cite web|author1=United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division|title=Demonstrations: Memoranda based on FBI reports, September 1963|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Archives/BMPP-032-007.aspx|website=John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum|accessdate=25 December 2016|pages=97}}
  • {{cite web|author1=United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division|title=Demonstrations: General, 1963: May-June|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Archives/BMPP-031-010.aspx|website=John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum|accessdate=25 December 2016|pages=80}}
  • {{cite web|author1=United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division|title=Demonstrations: General, 1963: July-August|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Archives/BMPP-031-011.aspx|website=John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum|accessdate=25 December 2016|pages=127}}
  • {{cite web|author1=United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division|title=Demonstrations: General, 1963: September-December and undated|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Archives/BMPP-032-001.aspx|website=John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum|accessdate=25 December 2016|pages=131}}
  • {{cite web|author1=United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division|title=Demonstrations: Chronology, 1963: June-September|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Archives/BMPP-032-002.aspx|website=John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum|accessdate=25 December 2016|pages=139}}
  • {{cite web|author1=United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division|title=Demonstrations: Chronology, October 1963-April 1964 and undated|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Archives/BMPP-032-003.aspx|website=John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum|accessdate=25 December 2016|pages=100}}

{{Expand list|date=June 2015}}

This is a list of campaigns that are part of the Civil Rights Movement.

Campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement by organization

  • List of NAACP campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
  • Campaign against school segregation
  • Grade school desegregation
  • College desegregation
  • Double V campaign
  • Resistance to Anti-NAACP laws
  • List of CORE campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
  • Route 40 campaign
  • Freedom Highways campaign
  • CORE/SNCC Freedom Rides
  • Operation Bootstrap
  • List of SCLC campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
  • Crusade for Citizenship
  • Operation Breadbasket
  • SCOPE Project
  • People to People tour
  • SNCC/SCLC ASCS election campaigns
  • Highlander/SCLC Citizenship Education Program{{cite book|last1=Cotton|first1=Dorothy|title=If Your Back's Not Bent: The Role of the Citizenship Education Program in the Civil Rights Movement|date=2012|publisher=Simon and Schuster|location=New York|isbn=9781439187425|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h9Ly0xk0kNYC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false}}
  • List of SNCC campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
  • CORE/SNCC Freedom Rides
  • SNCC/SCLC ASCS election campaigns
  • Southwest Georgia Voter Registration Project (Southwest Georgia Project)
  • List of COFO campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
  • Freedom Summer: June 1964 –
  • List of Highlander campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement
  • Highlander/SCLC Citizenship Education Program

Southern region

{{color box|#FFFF99|*}} denotes locations that required the presence of federal troops.

Southern campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

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Midwestern region

Midwestern campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

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Northeastern region

Northeastern campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

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Western region

Western campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement

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U.S. Territories

Campaigns in the U.S. Territories during the Civil Rights Movement

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References

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Bibliography

  • {{cite book|last1=Scheips|first1=Paul J.|title=The Role of Federal Military Forces in Domestic Disorders, 1945-1992|date=2005|publisher=Center of Military History, U.S. Army|location=Washington, D.C.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PKLuLyWz0kAC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false|ref={{sfnRef|Scheips}}}}

Further reading

  • {{cite web|author1=United States. Department of Justice. Civil Rights Division|title=Year-end reports, 1961-1964|url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Archives/BMPP-016-009.aspx|website=John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum|accessdate=25 December 2016}}

External links

  • {{cite web|title=Mapping American Social Movements|url=http://depts.washington.edu/moves/index.shtml|publisher=University of Washington|accessdate=1 January 2017}}
  • [http://depts.washington.edu/moves/SNCC_map-events.shtml# Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) Actions 1960-1970]
  • [http://depts.washington.edu/moves/CORE_map-events.shtml Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) Actions 1942-1970]
  • [http://depts.washington.edu/moves/NAACP_intro.shtml NAACP History and Geography 1909-1980]
  • [http://depts.washington.edu/moves/CRC_genocide.shtml "We Charge Genocide" The 1951 Black Lives Matter Campaign]
  • [http://depts.washington.edu/moves/BPP_map-cities.shtml Mapping the Black Panther Party in Key Cities]