User:Rockpocket/MGP/GIF
==Model organisms==
| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" border="1" cellpadding="2" style="float: right;" |
|+ Gif knockout mouse phenotype | |
| Characteristic | Phenotype |
|---|---|
| Homozygote viability | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Homozygous Fertility | bgcolor="#C40000"|Abnormal |
| General Observations | bgcolor="#C40000"|Abnormal |
| Body weight | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Anxiety | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Neurological assessment | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Grip strength | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Hot plate | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Dysmorphology | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Indirect calorimetry | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Glucose tolerance test | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Auditory brainstem response | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| DEXA | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Radiography | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Body temperature | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Eye morphology | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Clinical chemistry | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Plasma immunoglobulins | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Haematology | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Peripheral blood lymphocytes | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Micronucleus test | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Heart weight | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Tail epidermis wholemount | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Skin Histopathology | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Brain histopathology | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| MicroCT & Quantitative Faxitron | bgcolor="#488ED3"|Normal |
| Salmonella infection | bgcolor="#C40000"|Abnormal |
| Citrobacter infection | bgcolor="#C40000"|Abnormal{{cite web |url=http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/phenotyping/MBTT/citrobacter-challenge/ |title=Citrobacter infection data for Gif |publisher=Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute}} |
| colspan=2; style="text-align: center;" | All tests and analysis from{{cite web |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x/abstract |title=The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: high throughput characterisation of knockout mice |author=Gerdin AK |year=2010 |location=Acta Opthalmologica 88: 925-7.doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x |publisher=Wiley}}[http://www.sanger.ac.uk/mouseportal/ Mouse Resources Portal], Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. |
Model organisms have been used in the study of GIF function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Giftm1a(KOMP)Wtsi{{cite web |url=http://www.knockoutmouse.org/martsearch/search?query=Gif |title=International Knockout Mouse Consortium}}{{cite web |url=http://www.informatics.jax.org/searchtool/Search.do?query=MGI:4363945 |title=Mouse Genome Informatics}} was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.{{Cite journal| last1 = Skarnes |first1 =W. C.| doi = 10.1038/nature10163 | last2 = Rosen | first2 = B.| last3 = West | first3 = A. P.| last4 = Koutsourakis | first4 = M.| last5 = Bushell | first5 = W.| last6 = Iyer | first6 = V.| last7 = Mujica | first7 = A. O.| last8 = Thomas | first8 = M.| last9 = Harrow | first9 = J.| last10 = Cox | first10 = T.| last11 = Jackson | first11 = D.| last12 = Severin | first12 = J.| last13 = Biggs | first13 = P.| last14 = Fu | first14 = J.| last15 = Nefedov | first15 = M.| last16 = De Jong | first16 = P. J.| last17 = Stewart | first17 = A. F.| last18 = Bradley | first18 = A. | title = A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function | journal = Nature | volume = 474 | issue = 7351 | pages = 337–342 | year = 2011 | pmid = 21677750 | pmc =3572410 }}{{cite web |url=http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110615/full/474262a.html |title=Mouse library set to be knockout |author=Dolgin E |year=June 2011 |location=Nature 474: 262-263. doi:10.1038/474262a}}{{cite book |title=A mouse for all reasons |author=Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W |year=January 2007 |location=Cell 128(1): 9-13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018 PMID 17218247}}
Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.{{cite journal| author=van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW| title=The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism. | journal=Genome Biol | year= 2011 | volume= 12 | issue= 6 | pages= 224 | pmid=21722353 | doi=10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21722353 }} Twenty seven tests were carried out on mutant mice and four significant abnormalities were observed. Homozygous mutant males displayed increased aggression towards their pups and therefore had reduced fecundity, mutants of both sex had increased susceptibility to infection with both Citrobacter and Salmonella.
References
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