Video game content rating system#United Arab Emirates

A comparison of current video game rating systems, showing age on the horizontal axis. Note however that the specific criteria used in assigning a classification can vary widely from one country to another. Thus a color code or age range cannot be directly compared from one country to another.

Key:

•  White  – No restrictions: Suitable for all ages / Aimed at young audiences / Exempt / Not rated / No applicable rating.
•  Yellow  – Advisory: Parental guidance is suggested for designated age range.
•  Purple  – Strong advisory: Not recommended for a younger audience but not restricted.
•  Red  – Restricted: Parental accompaniment required for younger audiences.
•  Black  – Prohibitive: Exclusively for older audience / Purchase age-restricted / Banned.

In the above table, Italics indicate a multinational/transnational organization.

{{Main|Video game controversies}}

Similar to other forms of media, video games have been the subject of argument between leading professionals and restriction and prohibition. Often these bouts of criticism come from use of debated topics such as video game graphic violence, virtual sex, violent and gory scenes, partial or full nudity, drug use, portrayal of criminal behavior or other provocative and objectionable material.

Video games have also been studied for links to addiction and aggression. A meta analysis of studies from both eastern and western countries yielded evidence that "strongly suggests that exposure to violent video games is a causal risk factor for increased aggressive behavior, aggressive cognition, and aggressive affect and for decreased empathy and prosocial behavior."{{Cite journal|title = Violent video game effects on aggression, empathy, and prosocial behavior in eastern and western countries: a meta-analytic review.|last = Anderson|first = Craig A.|date = 2010|journal = Psychological Bulletin|volume = 136|issue = 2|pages = 151–173|doi = 10.1037/a0018251|pmid = 20192553|display-authors=etal|citeseerx = 10.1.1.535.382}}

There are also groups that have argued to the contrary, that few if any scientifically proven studies exist to back up these claims, and that the video game industry has become an easy target for the media to blame for many contemporary issues."Video Violence: Villain or Victim?", Guy Cumberbatch, London Video Standards Council, 2004"It's Not the Media", Karen Sternheimer, Westview Press, 2003{{Cite news|last = Benedetti|first=Winda|title=Why search our souls when video games make such an easy scapegoat?|publisher=NBC News|date = 2008-02-18|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/23204875|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130809153317/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/23204875|url-status=dead|archive-date=August 9, 2013|access-date=2008-08-27}} Researchers have also proposed potential positive effects of video games on aspects of social and cognitive development and psychological well-being.{{Cite news|last=Radoff|first=Jon|title=Six Wonderful Things about Games|date=2009-12-08|url=http://radoff.com/blog/2009/12/08/six-wonderful-things-about-games/|access-date=2009-12-19}} It has been shown that action video game players have better hand-eye coordination and visuo-motor skills, such as their resistance to distraction, their sensitivity to information in the peripheral vision and their ability to count briefly presented objects, than non-players.{{cite journal|title=Action video game modifies visual selective attention|first1=C. Shawn|last1=Green|first2=Daphne|last2=Bavelier|date=29 May 2003|journal=Nature|volume=423|issue=6939|pages=534–7|doi=10.1038/nature01647|pmid=12774121|s2cid=1521273|url=https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:103890|doi-access=free}}

The law 26.043 (passed in 2005) states that the National Council of Children, Youth and Family ('Consejo Nacional de la Niñez, Adolescencia y la Familia') in coordination with the National Institute of Cinema and Audiovisual Arts will be the government agencies that assigns age ratings.{{Cite web|url=http://www.3dgames.com.ar/Noticias/3849.ley-26-043-regula-los-videojuegos|title=Ley 26.043 regula los videojuegos|date=2005-07-19|publisher=3DGames|author=Kaverna|language=es}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.cronista.com/impresageneral/Ley-26.043---Los-videojuegos-deben-llevar-la-leyenda-La-sobreexposicion-es-perjudicial-para-la-salud--20050718-0086.html|title=Ley 26.043 - Los videojuegos deben llevar la leyenda "La sobreexposición es perjudicial para la salud"|date=2005-07-17|publisher=El Cronista|language=es}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.aladi.org/nsfaladi/normasTecnicas.nsf/09267198f1324b64032574960062343c/eb488ab4a5cca75b032579e20050384d?OpenDocument|title=Juguetes, juegos y artículos para recreo o deporte; sus partes y accesorios. Capítulo 95 del SA.|publisher=Latin American Integration Association|language=es}} The Argentine Game Developer Association (Asociación de Desarrolladores de Videojuegos Argentina) was critical of the law.{{Cite web|url=http://www.saberderecho.com/2006/03/los-videojuegos-parte-final-su.html|title=Los videojuegos, parte final: su regulación en Argentina|date=2006-03-15|author=Gustavo Arballo|publisher=SaberDerecho.com|language=es}}{{Cite web|url=http://adva.com.ar/ |title=ADVA |access-date=September 24, 2013 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051024001650/http://adva.com.ar/ |archive-date=October 24, 2005 }}{{Cite web|url=http://vivetujuego.blogspot.com.ar/|title=Videojuegos|access-date=14 February 2018}} There are three ratings: "Suitable for all public", "Suitable for those over 13 years of age" and "Suitable for those over 18 years of age".{{Cite web |title=Videojuegos – Ley 26.043 |trans-title=Video Game – Law 26,043 |date=1 June 2005 |location=Buenos Aires |publisher=The Senate and Chamber of Deputies of the Argentine Nation |url=http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/105000-109999/107891/norma.htm |access-date=26 October 2018}}

{{Multiple image |perrow=5 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = Australian_Classification_General_(G).svg

| alt1 = G

| image2 = Australian_Classification_Parental_Guidance_(PG).svg

| alt2 = PG

| image3 = Australian_Classification_Mature_(M).svg

| alt3 = M

| image4 = Australian_Classification_Mature_15+_(MA_15+).svg

| alt4 = MA15+

| image5 = Australian_Classification_Restricted_18+_(R_18+).svg

| alt5 = R18+

}}{{Main|Australian Classification Board}}

• Advisory categories
• General (G) – General. The content is very mild in impact. The G classification is suitable for everyone.
• Parental Guidance (PG) – Parental guidance recommended. The content is mild in impact. It is not recommended for viewing or playing by persons under 15 without guidance from parents or guardians.
• Mature (M) – Recommended for mature audiences. The content is moderate in impact. Children under 15 may legally access this material because it is an advisory category. However, M classified films and computer games may include classifiable elements such as violence and nudity of moderate impact that are not recommended for children under 15 years.
• Restricted categories
• Mature Accompanied (MA 15+) – Not suitable for people under 15. Under 15s must be accompanied by a parent or adult guardian. The content is strong in impact.
• Restricted (R 18+) – Restricted to 18 years and over. The content is high in impact. Despite this category being legally restricted, in Queensland the restriction is not applicable to persons under 2.

The Australian Classification Board (ACB) is a statutory classification body formed by the Australian Government which classifies films, video games and publications for exhibition, sale or hire in Australia since its establishment in 1970. The Classification Board was originally incorporated in the Office of Film and Literature Classification (OFLC) which was dissolved in 2006. Originally a part of the Attorney-General's Department and overseen by the Minister for Justice, the ACB is now a branch of the Department of Communications and the Arts which provides administrative support to the Board and is overseen by the Minister for Communications & the Arts. Decisions made by the Board may be reviewed by the Australian Classification Review Board.

There is no uniform ratings system in Austria, and the nine states regulate content in different ways. The two main systems are PEGI (applied in Vienna) and Germany's USK system (applied in Salzburg).{{cite web |title=Gesetzlicher Jugendschutz |date=13 November 2018 |trans-title=Legal protection of minors |language=German |publisher=BuPP.at |location=Vienna |url=https://bupp.at/de/artikel/gesetzlicher-jugendschutz |access-date=1 June 2021}}

{{Multiple image |perrow=6 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = DJCTQ - L.svg

| alt1 = 3

| image2 = DJCTQ - 10.svg

| alt2 = 7

| image3 = DJCTQ - 12.svg

| alt3 = 12

| image4 = DJCTQ - 14.svg

| alt4 = 16

| image5 = DJCTQ - 16.svg

| alt5 = 18

| image6 = DJCTQ - 18.svg

| alt6 = 21

}}{{Main|Brazilian advisory rating system}}

The advisory rating (ClassInd) (Classificação Indicativa in Portuguese) rates films, games and television shows in Brazil. It is controlled by the Ministry of Justice (Ministério da Justiça).

{{Multiple image |perrow=5 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = Especialmente recomendado.svg

| alt1 = ER

| image2 = Toda edad (content rating system).svg

| alt2 = TE

| image3 = 8 años o más (content rating system).svg

| alt3 = 8+

| image4 = 14 años o más (content rating system).svg

| alt4 = 14+

| image5 = 18 años o más (content rating system).svg

| alt5 = 18+

}}{{Main|Chilean video game content rating system}}

Games are classified by the Council of Cinematographic Classification (Consejo de Calificación Cinematográfica) which is a central agency under the Ministry of Education.{{Cite web |url=https://www.bcn.cl/leyfacil/recurso/calificacion-de-videojuegos |title=Calificación de videojuegos |date=27 November 2014 |trans-title=Video game rating |publisher=Biblioteca del Congreso |location=Chile |language=es |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627184604/https://www.bcn.cl/leyfacil/recurso/calificacion-de-videojuegos |archive-date=27 June 2020 |url-status=live}}

The current age ratings are:

• ER (Especialmente Recomendado) – Recommended for children.
• TE (Toda Edad) – All ages.
• 8+ – Not recommended for children under 8 years of age.
• 14+ – Not recommended for children under 14 years of age.
• 18+ – Not recommended for children under 18 years of age.

The manufacturers, importers, suppliers and merchants are only permitted to sell and rent video games that are classified as 8, 14 or 18, to those who prove they meet those ages respectively. In the case of each sale or lease by physical means, the respective identity card is required.{{cite web | url=https://www.bcn.cl/leychile/navegar?idNorma=1160403&idParte= | title=Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional | Ley Chile }}

{{Multiple image |perrow=3 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = CADPA 8+.svg

| alt1 = 8

| image2 = CADPA 12+.svg

| alt2 = 12

| image3 = CADPA 16+.svg

| alt3 = 16

}}

China introduced a pilot content rating system in December 2020 called the Online Game Age-Appropriateness Warning, which is overseen by the governmental agency {{ill|China Audio-video and Digital Publishing Association|zh|中国音像与数字出版协会}} (CADPA). Games with online components are required to show one of the three classifications on websites and registration pages: green for "8+" (appropriate for players 8 years and older), blue for "12+", and yellow for "16+".{{Cite web |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2020-12-18-china-introduces-new-age-rating-system | title = China introduces new age rating system |first=Marie |last=Dealessandri |date=December 18, 2020 |access-date=December 18, 2020 |work=GamesIndustry.biz}}

{{Multiple image |perrow=5 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = PEGI 3.svg

| alt1 = 3

| image2 = PEGI 7.svg

| alt2 = 7

| image3 = PEGI 12.svg

| alt3 = 12

| image4 = PEGI 16.svg

| alt4 = 16

| image5 = PEGI 18.svg

| alt5 = 18

}}{{Main|PEGI}}

The Pan European Game Information (PEGI) is a European video game content rating system established to help European parents make informed decisions on buying computer games with logos on games boxes. It was developed by the Interactive Software Federation of Europe (ISFE) and came into use in April 2003; it replaced many national age rating systems with a single European system. The PEGI system is now used in more than thirty-one countries and is based on a code of conduct, a set of rules to which every publisher using the PEGI system is contractually committed. PEGI self-regulation is composed by five age categories and seven content descriptors that advise the suitability and content of a game for a certain age range based on the games content. The ratings are:

• 3: Suitable for all age groups.
• 7: Not suitable for younger children.
• 12: Not suitable for persons under 12 years of age.
• 16: Not suitable for persons under 16 years of age.
• 18: For adults.

The ratings do not indicate the difficulty of the game or the skill required to play it.{{Cite web|url=https://pegi.info/what-do-the-labels-mean|title=PEGI Pan European Game Information - What do the labels mean?}}

{{Multiple image |perrow=5 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = USK 0.svg

| alt1 = 0

| image2 = USK 6.svg

| alt2 = 6

| image3 = USK 12.svg

| alt3 = 12

| image4 = USK 16.svg

| alt4 = 16

| image5 = USK 18.svg

| alt5 = 18

}}{{Main|Unterhaltungssoftware Selbstkontrolle}}

Unterhaltungssoftware Selbstkontrolle (USK) (Entertainment Software Self-control), is Germany's software rating organization founded in 1994.

• USK 0 - Playable for all ages
• USK 6 - Ages 6 and over
• USK 12 - Ages 12 and over
• USK 16 - Ages 16 and over
• USK 18 - Ages 18 and over

{{see also|Office of the Communications Authority}}

There is no game grading system in Hong Kong and Macau, but a unified publication classification is adopted, which is divided into three categories: I, II and III. Class I publications can be purchased at all ages without any restrictions. Class II publications need to be marked with warnings and cannot be provided to people under the age of 18, which is equivalent to a restricted level. Class III publications are not allowed to be sold publicly, but there is no restriction on private or friend-to-friend communication. This classification system is equivalent to a hidden classification, The Obscene Articles Tribunal is responsible for the classification and evaluation.{{Cite web |title=Regulations on the management of obscene and indecent articles |url=https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/gem/2016/0113/a6253/cgameone-20151008-15.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903054025/https://www1.hkexnews.hk/listedco/listconews/gem/2016/0113/a6253/cgameone-20151008-15.pdf |archive-date=2021-09-03 }}

{{Blockquote|警告:本物品内容可能令人反感；不可将本物品派发、传阅、出售、出租、交给或出借予年龄未满18岁的人士或将本物品向该等人士出示、播放或放映。
WARNING: THIS ARTICLE CONTAINS MATERIAL WHICH MAY OFFEND AND MAY NOT BE DISTRIBUTED, CIRCULATED, SOLD, HIRED, GIVEN, LENT, SHOWN, PLAYED OR PROJECTED TO A PERSON UNDER THE AGE OF 18 YEARS.|source=}}

The Regulation on the Control of Obscene and Indecent Articles requires that Class II publications must use this statutory warning slogan, and must be marked in both Chinese and English, and the font size must account for 20% of the total area.{{Cite web |title=电影、报刊及物品管理办事处 - 《淫亵及不雅物品管制条例》的执法工作 |url=https://www.ofnaa.gov.hk/sc/services/newspaper_and_article_administration_division/ecoiao/index.html |access-date=2023-04-25 |website=www.ofnaa.gov.hk}}

{{Multiple image |perrow=5 |caption_align=center |header_align=center | width = 50

| image1 = IGRS SU.png

| alt1 = SU

| image2 = IGRS 3+ 2023.png

| alt2 = 3+

| image3 = IGRS 7+ 2023.png

| alt3 = 7+

| image4 = IGRS 13+ 2023.png

| alt4 = 13+

| image5 = IGRS 18+ 2023.png

| alt5 = 18+

| footer = The IGRS ratings used in Indonesia

}}{{Main|Indonesian Game Rating System}}

The Indonesian Game Rating System (IGRS) is an official video game content rating system founded and set by the Indonesian Ministry of Communication and Informatics in 2016.{{Cite news|url=http://tekno.kompas.com/read/2016/08/12/14360007/Indonesia.Resmi.Punya.Sistem.Rating.Game.Sendiri |title=Indonesia Resmi Punya Sistem "Rating Game" Sendiri |last=Widiartanto |first=Yoga Hastayadi |date=2016-08-12 |work=Kompas.com |access-date=2017-11-11 |language=id}} IGRS rates games that are developed and published in Indonesia. There are 5 classifications of ratings based on the game content, which includes the use of alcohol, cigarettes, drugs, violence, blood, language, sexual content, etc.

These are the following classifications:

• SU ("Semua Umur", All Ages in English) {{Spaced ndash}}Playable for all ages.
• 3+ {{Spaced ndash}}Age 3 and over. No restricted content is shown including adult content, use of drugs, gambling simulation, and online interactions.
• 7+ {{Spaced ndash}}Age 7 and over. No restricted content is shown including adult content, use of drugs, gambling simulation, and online interactions.
• 13+ {{Spaced ndash}}Age 13 and over. Restricted contents are partially shown, including light use of drugs and alcohol by figures/background characters, cartoon violence, mild language, gambling simulation, horror theme, and online interactions.
• 18+ {{Spaced ndash}}Age 18 and over. Restricted contents are mostly shown, if not all, including use of drugs and alcohol by main characters, realistic violence (blood, gore, mutilation, etc.), crude humor, gambling simulation, horror theme, and online interactions.

As of November 2019, various imported PlayStation titles released since then have been rated by the IGRS after SIE Asia opened their Indonesian office. Those titles are also marked as "Official Indonesia Products" ({{langx|id|Produk Resmi Indonesia|links=yes}}).

{{Multiple image|caption_align=center|header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = IARC 3+.svg

| alt1 = 3+

| image2 = IARC 7+.svg

| alt2 = 7+

| image3 = IARC 12+.svg

| alt3 = 12+

| image4 = IARC 16+.svg

| alt4 = 16+

| image5 = IARC 18+.svg

| alt5 = 18+

}}{{Main|International Age Rating Coalition}}

Some app stores that support the International Age Rating Coalition (IARC) use this rating in countries and regions where there is no rating system. The classification standard adopted by IARC is the same as that of PEGI. This rating is not recognized in some countries.{{Cite web|url=https://www.globalratings.com/ratings-guide.aspx|title=IARC Ratings Guide - International Age Rating Coalition|website=www.globalratings.com|access-date=14 February 2018}}

{{Multiple image

| perrow = 5

| caption_align = center

| header_align = center

| width = 50

| image1 = ESRA +3 (Latin script).svg

| alt1 = +3

| image2 = ESRA +7 (Latin script).svg

| alt2 = +7

| image3 = ESRA +12 (Latin script).svg

| alt3 = +12

| image4 = ESRA +15 (Latin script).svg

| alt4 = +15

| image5 = ESRA +18 (Latin script).svg

| alt5 = +18

| image6 = ESRA +3 (Persian).svg

| alt6 = +3

| image7 = ESRA +7 (Persian).svg

| alt7 = +7

| image8 = ESRA +12 (Persian).svg

| alt8 = +12

| image9 = ESRA +15 (Persian).svg

| alt9 = +15

| image10 = ESRA 18+ (Persian).svg

| alt10 = +18

}}

{{Main|Entertainment Software Rating Association}}

The Entertainment Software Rating Association ({{langx|fa|اسرا}}) (ESRA) is a governmental video game content rating system that is used in Iran. Games that have been exempt from the rating are de facto banned from sale in Iran.

• +3{{Spaced ndash}}Ages 3 and over
• +7{{Spaced ndash}}Ages 7 and over
• +12{{Spaced ndash}}Ages 12 and over
• +15{{Spaced ndash}}Ages 15 and over
• +18{{Spaced ndash}}Ages 18 and over

In practice, the rating applies largely to PC and mobile games, as none of the console games are officially released for the Iranian market.

In Japan, the content rating is not required by law, but most commercial video game publishers take the industry self-regulations. Console manufacturers force for video game publishers that games must be rated by CERO. Distributors of PC games (mostly dating sims, visual novels, and eroge) require games having the approval of EOCS or Japan contents Review Center.{{Cite web|url=https://www8.cao.go.jp/youth/kankyou/internet_torikumi/guideline_002.html|title=外部リンク：「青少年の健全な育成のためのコンテンツ流通研究会 報告書」の公表について（H18.4.18）（WARP）|date=2006-04-18|publisher=Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry|language=ja|access-date=2019-06-01}} These ratings are referred to by local governments, and the Ordinance Regarding the Healthy Development of Youths (青少年健全育成条例) prohibits retailers from supplying 18+ rating games to persons under 18.{{Cite web|url=http://www.pref.hokkaido.lg.jp/ks/dms/ss/dantaishitei.htm|title=有害図書類の指定に係る審査団体の指定について|date=2018-09-20|website=www.pref.hokkaido.lg.jp|publisher=Hokkaido Government|language=ja|access-date=2019-06-02}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/shingi/chukyo/chukyo0/toushin/07020115/021.htm|title=中央教育審議会 次代を担う自立した青少年の育成に向けて－青少年の意欲を高め，心と体の相伴った成長を促す方策について－（答申）［参考資料］ 都道府県の青少年保護育成条例における有害図書類等の指定等に関する規定について－文部科学省|date=2007-01-30|website=www.mext.go.jp|publisher=Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology|access-date=2019-06-03}} Dōjin softs do not have such restrictions, but distribution of obscene materials can be punished under the Article 175 of the Penal Code of Japan.

{{Multiple image |perrow=5 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = CERO A.svg

| alt1 = All Ages

| image2 = CERO B.svg

| alt2 = Ages 12 and Up

| image3 = CERO C.svg

| alt3 = Ages 15 and Up

| image4 = CERO D.svg

| alt4 = Ages 17 and Up

| image5 = CERO Z.svg

| alt5 = Ages 18 and Up Only

}}{{main|Computer Entertainment Rating Organization}}

The {{Nihongo|Computer Entertainment Rating Organization|特定非営利活動法人コンピュータエンターテインメントレーティング機構|Tokutei Hieiri Katsudō Hōjin Konpyūta Entāteinmento Rētingu Kikō}} (CERO) is an organization that rates video games in Japan, with different levels of rating that inform the customer of the nature of the product and what age group it suits. It was established in June 2002 as a branch of the Computer Entertainment Supplier's Association, and became an officially recognized non-profit organization in December 2003. It currently consists of five age categories and nine content descriptors.

• A{{Spaced ndash}}All ages. Formerly "All."
• B{{Spaced ndash}}Ages 12 and over. Formerly "12."
• C{{Spaced ndash}}Ages 15 and over. Formerly "15."
• D{{Spaced ndash}}Ages 17 and over.
• Z{{Spaced ndash}}Ages 18 and over only. Formerly "18." This is the only rating that is legally enforced.
• CERO{{Spaced ndash}}Assigned to free demos and trial versions of games
• 審査予定{{Spaced ndash}}Assigned to games which are currently awaiting classification

{{Multiple image |perrow=4|caption_align = center |header_align=center |width = 75

| image1 = EOCS rating symbol - All ages.svg

| alt1 = All ages

| image2 = EOCS rating symbol - 12.svg

| alt2 = 12

| image3 = EOCS rating symbol - 15.svg

| alt3 = 15

| image4 = EOCS rating symbol - R-18.svg

| alt4 = R18

}}

The {{Nihongo|Ethics Organization of Computer Software|一般社団法人コンピュータソフトウェア倫理機構|Ippan Shadan Hōjin Konpyūta Sofutowea Rinri Kikō}} (EOCS, or Sofurin){{Cite web|url=http://www.sofurin.org/|title=EOCS／一般社団法人コンピュータソフトウェア倫理機構オフィシャルウェブサイト|website=www.sofurin.org|publisher=Ethics Organization of Computer Software (EOCS)|language=ja|access-date=January 8, 2013}} is an incorporated association that rates PC games in Japan. It was established on November 20, 1992,{{Cite web|url=http://www.sofurin.org/eocs/seturitu.html|title=ソフ倫設立経緯|website=www.sofurin.org|publisher=Ethics Organization of Computer Software (EOCS)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060905231531/http://www.sofurin.org/eocs/seturitu.html|access-date=2020-01-05|archive-date=2006-09-05}} and was incorporated in 2009. The association also works to crack down on copyright infringement of PC games for the companies it represents, and sponsors the {{Nihongo|Moe Game Award|萌えゲーアワード}} to help PC game sales.{{Cite web|url=http://www.sofurin.org/htm/activity/award.htm|title=萌えゲーアワードの協賛|website=www.sofurin.org|publisher=Ethics Organization of Computer Software (EOCS)|language=ja|access-date=2019-06-03}}

The current ratings are:{{Cite web|url=http://www.sofurin.org/htm/about/rating.htm|title=法人概要／レーティングの紹介|publisher=Ethics Organization of Computer Software (EOCS)|language=ja|access-date=2019-06-02}}

• General Software - All ages.
• General Software (recommended to ages 12 and over)
• General Software (recommended to ages 15 and over)
• Software that is banned from selling to persons under 18

{{multiple image| perrow = 3| caption_align = center| header_align = center

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{{Main|Japan Contents Review Center}}

The {{Nihongo|Japan contents Review Center|日本コンテンツ審査センター|Nihon Kontentsu Shinsa Sentā}} is a cooperative that reviews adult videos and adult PC games in Japan. The organization was founded on December 1, 2010, as {{nihongo|Ethics Organization of Video|映像倫理機構|Eizō Rinri Kikō}} after the dissolution of the Content Soft Association (CSA).{{Cite news

|date=2010-11-09|url=http://www.asahi.com/culture/update/1109/TKY201011090450.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101112002624/http://www.asahi.com/culture/update/1109/TKY201011090450.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2010-11-12|title=アダルト作品の審査、2団体が統合へ 最大手機関に|publisher=Asahi Shimbun|work=asahi.com|access-date=2019-02-25}}

{{main|General Guidelines of the Mexican System of Classification Equivalencies for Video Game Content}}

{{Multiple image |perrow=5 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = SMECCV A.svg

| alt1 = A

| image2 = SMECCV B.svg

| alt2 = B

| image3 = SMECCV B15.svg

| alt3 = B15

| image4 = SMECCV C.svg

| alt4 = C

| image5 = SMECCV D.svg

| alt5 = D

}}

On November 27, 2020, the Secretariat of the Interior (SEGOB) published a new set of guidelines on the Official Journal of the Federation called Lineamentos Generales del Sistema Mexicano de Equivalencias de Clasificación de Contenidos de Videojuegos (General Guidelines of the Mexican System of Classification Equivalencies for Video Game Content).{{cite web |title=DOF - Diario Oficial de la Federación |url=https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5606047&fecha=27/11/2020 |website=Diario Oficial de la Federación |publisher=Secretaría de Gobernación |access-date=10 May 2021}} This stated that all games distributed in Mexico would have their own set of ratings effective May 27, 2021, replacing the ESRB ratings system that was being used, while still being in accordance with them.

The ratings are as follows:

• A (Todo Público): For all ages.
• B (+12 Años): Content for teens 12 and over.
• B15 (+15 Años): Content for ages 15 and over.
• C (Adultos +18 Años): Content not suitable for those under 18.
• D (Exclusivo Adultos): Extreme and adult content.
• P (Etiquetado Pendiente): Content pending for its classification.

{{Multiple image |perrow=3 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 90

| image1 = OFLC G label.svg

| alt1 = All Ages

| image2 = OFLC PG label.svg

| alt2 = Parental Guidance

| image3 = OFLC M label.svg

| alt3 = Mature 16

| image5 = OFLC R13 label.svg

| alt5 = R13

| image6 = OFLC R15 label.svg

| alt6 = R15

| image8 = OFLC R16 label.svg

| alt8 = R16

| image10 = OFLC R18 label.svg

| alt10 = R18

| image11 = R label (Office of Film and Literature Classification, New Zealand).svg

| alt11 = Restricted

}}{{Main|Office of Film and Literature Classification}}

The Office of Film and Literature Classification (OFLC) is the government agency in New Zealand that is responsible for classification of all films, videos, publications, and some video games in New Zealand. It was created by the Films, Videos, and Publications Classification Act 1993 (FVPC Act), replacing various film classification acts, and is an independent Crown entity{{Cite web|url=http://www.museumstuff.com/learn/topics/censorship_in_New_Zealand|title=Censorship in New Zealand}} in terms of the Crown Entities Act 2004. The head of the OFLC is called the Chief Censor, maintaining a title that has described the government officer in charge of censorship in New Zealand since 1916.

The current ratings are:{{Cite web |title=New Zealand's classification labels |publisher=Office of Film and Literature Classification |location=New Zealand |url=https://www.classificationoffice.govt.nz/find-ratings/new-zealands-classification-labels/ |access-date=9 February 2017}}

• G: This can be shown and sold to anyone.
• PG: Films and games with a PG label can be sold, hired, or shown to anyone. The PG label means guidance from a parent or guardian is recommended for younger viewers.
• M: Films and games with an M label can be sold, hired, or shown to anyone. Films with an M label are more suitable for mature audiences 16 years and over.
• R13: Restricted to persons 13 years and over.
• R15: Restricted to persons 15 years and over.
• R16: Restricted to persons 16 years and over.
• R18: Restricted to persons 18 years and over.
• R: Restricted to a particular class of people.

{{Multiple image |perrow=5 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = ESRB 2013 Everyone.svg

| alt1 = Everyone

| image2 = ESRB 2013 Everyone 10+.svg

| alt2 = Everyone 10+

| image3 = ESRB 2013 Teen.svg

| alt3 = Teen

| image4 = ESRB 2013 Mature.svg

| alt4 = Mature

| image5 = ESRB 2013 Adults Only.svg

| alt5 = Adults only

}}{{Main|Entertainment Software Rating Board}}

The Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) is a self-regulatory organization that assigns age and content ratings, enforces industry-adopted advertising guidelines, and ensures responsible online privacy principles for computer and video games and other entertainment software in countries of North America.{{Cite web|url=http://www.esrb.org/ratings/faq.jsp|title=FAQs about ESRB|website=www.esrb.org|access-date=14 February 2018}} PEGI ratings are used on some French-language games sold in Canada. Despite being self-regulatory, in Canada, games rated by the ESRB are required by law to be rated and/or restricted, though this only varies at a province and territory level. ESRB ratings can be found on games for Nintendo systems in the countries of Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, and the United Arab Emirates. This system was used in Mexico as well until it was replaced by a local rating system on May 27, 2021.

A similar system also exists for arcade video games, which is enforced by the American Amusement Machine Association (AAMA) and the Amusement and Music Operators Association (AMOA).{{Cite web | title = Parental Advisory System - AAMA - American Amusement Machine Association | date = 12 September 2016 | url = https://coin-op.org/parental-advisory-system/ | access-date = 2020-06-28 }} It is called the Parental Advisory System, and uses three colors for ratings - green (Suitable for All Ages), yellow (Mild Content), and red (Strong Content). Stickers displaying the ratings are placed on the game marquees, and the rating can also be displayed during the attract mode if the game's developer or publisher chooses to do so.{{Cite web | title = PAS - Frequently Asked Questions - AAMA - American Amusement Machine Association | date = 12 September 2016 | url = https://coin-op.org/pas-frequently-asked-questions/ | access-date = 2020-06-28 }}{{cite magazine |first=Marcus |last=Webb |title=It Sure Beats a D |magazine=Next Generation|issue=39 |publisher=Imagine Media |date=March 1998|page=30}}

{{Multiple image |perrow=5 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = RARS 0+ (2016).svg

| alt1 = 0+

| image2 = RARS 6+ (2016).svg

| alt2 = 6+

| image3 = RARS 12+ (2016).svg

| alt3 = 12+

| image4 = RARS 16+ (2016).svg

| alt4 = 16+

| image5 = RARS 18+ (2016).svg

| alt5 = 18+

| image6 = RARS (0+).svg

| alt6 = 0+ (formerly)

| image7 = RARS 6+ (old).svg

| alt7 = 6+ (formerly)

| image8 = RARS 12+ (old).svg

| alt8 = 12+ (formerly)

| image9 = RARS 16+ (old).svg

| alt9 = 16+ (formerly)

| image10 = RARS 18+ (old).svg

| alt10 = 18+ (formerly)

}}{{Further|On Protecting Children from Information Harmful to Their Health and Development}}

{{See also|ru:Возрастная классификация информационной продукции в России}}

The Age classification of information products is a new statutory classification set of rules formed by the Russian Government after enacting in September 2012 a Federal Law of Russian Federation no. 436-FZ of 2010-12-23 “On Protecting of Children from Information Harmful to Their Health and Development” ({{langx|ru|Федеральный закон Российской Федерации от 29 декабря 2010 г. N 436-ФЗ «О защите детей от информации, причиняющей вред их здоровью и развитию»}}), which classifies films, video games and publications for exhibition, sale or hire in Russia since 1 September 2012. The Ministry of Culture provides administrative support to the classification.

In December 2022, the federal government has announced plans to establish a dedicated regulation procedure and age rating specifically for digital products, which include video games. There are concerns this may encompass excessive regulation and costs, as the new regulation will focus on interactive and online elements rather than just audiovisual content.{{Cite web|last=Korolev |first=Nikita |url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/5695737 |title=Игры детям не игрушка - Видеоконтенту готовят возрастную маркировку |work=Kommersant |language=Russian |date=2022-12-02 |access-date=2023-07-01}}

{{Multiple image |perrow=6 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = GCAM 3.svg

| alt1 = 3

| image2 = GCAM 7.svg

| alt2 = 7

| image3 = GCAM 12.svg

| alt3 = 12

| image4 = GCAM 16.svg

| alt4 = 16

| image5 = GCAM 18.svg

| alt5 = 18

}}{{Main|General Commission for Audiovisual Media}}

The General Commission for Audiovisual Media ({{langx|ar|الهيئة العامة للإعلام المرئي والمسموع|Alhy'eh Al'amah lel-E'elam Almar'ey wal-Masmoo'}}) (GCAM) is responsible for the age-ratings of films, television programs and interactive games.{{Cite web |title=Content Classifications |language=en |publisher=General Commission for Audiovisual Media |url=https://www.gcam.gov.sa/en/PoliciesAndGuidelines/Pages/ContentClassifications.aspx |access-date=29 June 2020}}{{Cite web |title=تصنيفات المحتوى |trans-title=Content Classifications |language=ar |publisher=General Commission for Audiovisual Media |url=https://www.gcam.gov.sa/ar/PoliciesAndGuidelines/Pages/ContentClassifications.aspx |access-date=29 June 2020 |archive-date=22 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122233420/https://gcam.gov.sa/ar/PoliciesAndGuidelines/Pages/ContentClassifications.aspx |url-status=dead }}

{{Multiple image |perrow=2 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = IMDA Age Rating - Advisory 16 (ADV16).svg

| alt1 = Advisory 16

| image2 = IMDA Age Rating - Mature 18.svg

| alt2 = Mature 18

}}{{Further|Censorship in Singapore#Video games|Infocomm Media Development Authority}}

The Info-communications Media Development Authority (IMDA) is a statutory board of the Singapore Government which regulates films, television programs and video games in Singapore.

{{Multiple image |perrow=6 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = JSO´s rating tag Teddybear.svg

| alt1 = 0

| image2 = JSO rating tag U.svg

| alt2 = PG

| image3 = JSO rating tag 7.svg

| alt3 = 7

| image4 = JSO´s rating tag 12.svg

| alt4 = 12

| image5 = JSO´s rating tag 15.svg

| alt5 = 15

| image6 = JSO´s rating tag 18.svg

| alt6 = 18

}}

Jednotný systém označovania (English: Unified System of Age Rating/Labeling) (JSO) is a statutory board of Ministry of Culture of Slovakia now under act 328/2023 which regulates age restriction of films, television programs and video games in Slovakia.{{Cite web |last=s.r.o |first=S.-EPI s r o , AION CS |title=328/2023 Z. z. Vyhláška o jednotnom systéme označovania a spôsobe jeho uplatňovania {{!}} Aktuálne znenie |url=https://www.epi.sk/zz/2023-328 |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=epi.sk |language=sk}}{{Cite web |date=2025-02-10 |title=Jednotný systém označovania (JSO) pre AV diela a programy - JSO_prezentacia.pdf |url=https://www.jso.sk/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/JSO_prezentacia.pdf |url-status=live |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=JSO.sk}}{{cite web |title=Act 589/2007|publisher=Ministry of Culture |location=Slovakia |url=https://www.epi.sk/zz/2007-589 |access-date=18 January 2022}}

The current age ratings are:

• "Teddy bear's head" – Content targeted towards children younger than 12 years.
• U – General audience
• 7 – Not recommended for children younger than 7 years.
• 12 – Not recommended for children younger than 12 years.
• 15 – Not recommended for children younger than 15 years.
• 18 – Prohibited for minors under 18 years of age.

Under current act (328/2023) content descriptors, indicating depiction of violence, discrimination, fear/terror, addiction, sex, coarse language and nudity were added to the statutory board.{{Cite web |title=Deskriptory – JSO.sk |url=https://www.jso.sk/deskriptory/ |access-date=2025-02-10 |language=sk-SK}}

{{Multiple image

| perrow = 4

| caption_align = center

| header_align = center

| width = 50

| image1 = JSO´s_rating_tag_-7.svg

| alt1 = 0

| image2 = JSO´s rating tag 7+.svg

| alt2 = 7

| image3 = JSO´s_rating_tag_12+.svg

| alt3 = 12

| image4 = JSO´s_rating_tag_15+.svg

| alt4 = 15

}}

In previous act (589/2007), there were educational content age ratings, which are no longer being used:

• -7 – Targeted towards children younger than 7 years.
• 7+ – Appropriate for persons 7 years and over.
• 12+ – Appropriate for persons 12 years and over.
• 15+ – Appropriate for persons 15 years and over.

The labeling was mandatory for all physical releases (games redeemable from gift cards including), but there was no legislative basis for labeling electronic releases (instead, PEGI rating was shown). Under act 78/2023, publishers can now release videogames in Slovakia without JSO rating, if the videogame obtained PEGI rating.{{Cite web |title=Slov-Lex |url=https://www.slov-lex.sk/ezbierky/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/2023/78/ |access-date=2025-02-10 |website=www.slov-lex.sk}}

{{Multiple image

| perrow = 6

| caption_align = center

| header_align = center

| width = 50

| image1 = FPB - PG - 2024.svg

| alt1 = 3

| image2 = FPB - 7-9 PG - 2024.svg

| alt2 = 7

| image3 = FPB - 10-12 PG - 2024.svg

| alt3 = 12

| image4 = FPB - 13 - 2024.svg

| alt4 = 13

| image5 = FPB - 16 - 2024.svg

| alt5 = 16

| image6 = FPB - 18 - 2024.svg

| alt6 = 18

}}

{{Main|Film and Publication Board}}

The South African Film and Publication Board (FPB) is a statutory classification body formed by the South African Government under the Films and Publications Act of 1996 which classifies films, publications, and video games for exhibition, sale or hire in South Africa. Distributors and exhibitors are legally compelled to comply with the age ratings.

The ratings, as of August 1, 2022 are;{{cite web |title=Films and Publications Act, No 65 Of 1996 |date=8 October 2012 |publisher=Film and Publication Board |location=South Africa |url=https://www.fpb.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Classification-Guidelines.pdf |access-date=27 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123162135/https://www.fpb.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Classification-Guidelines.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2016 |url-status=live }}

• PG: Not recommended for young children without Parental Guidance.
• 7-9 PG: Not permitted for children under 7 years of age. Children 7 to 9 should be accompanied before purchasing the game.
• 10-12 PG: Not permitted for children under 10 years of age. Children 10 to 12 should be accompanied before purchasing the game.
• 13: Not permitted for children under 13 years of age.
• 16: Not permitted for children under 16 years of age.
• 18: Not permitted for children.
• X18: Can only be distributed in licensed premises to persons over 18 years of age.
• XX: Not to be distributed or exhibited to public.

{{Multiple image |perrow=4 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = GRAC All (전체이용가).svg

| alt1 = 0

| image2 = GRAC 12 (12세이용가).svg

| alt2 = 12

| image3 = GRAC 15 (15세이용가).svg

| alt3 = 15

| image4 = GRAC 19 (19청소년이용불가).svg

| alt54 = 19

}}{{main|Game Rating and Administration Committee}}

The Game Rating and Administration Committee (게임물관리위원회 Geimmul Gwanri Wiwonhoe) (GRAC) is the South Korean video game content rating board. A governmental organization, the GRAC rates video and computer games to inform customers of the nature of game contents.

{{Multiple image |perrow=5 |caption_align=center |header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = GSRR G logo.svg

| alt1 = 0

| image2 = GSRR P logo.svg

| alt2 = 6

| image3 = GSRR PG 12 logo.svg

| alt3 = 12

| image4 = GSRR PG 15_logo.svg

| alt4 = 15

| image5 = GSRR R logo.svg

| alt5 = 18

}}{{Main|Game Software Rating Regulations}}

Game Software Rating Regulations (遊戲軟體分級辦法), also translated as Game Software Rating Management Regulations, is the video game content rating system used in Taiwan.

{{Cite web |url=http://www.gamerating.org.tw/gsgi_way.php |title=Game Software Rating Management Regulations |work=Taiwan Game Software Rating Information |publisher=Digital Game Rating Committee |access-date=19 September 2013 |archive-date=1 July 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130701003040/http://www.gamerating.org.tw/gsgi_way.php |url-status=dead }}

{{Multiple image|caption_align=center|header_align=center |width = 50

| image1 = UMC 3.svg

| alt1 = 3

| image2 = UMC 7.svg

| alt2 = 7

| image3 = UMC 12.svg

| alt3 = 12

| image4 = UMC 16.svg

| alt4 = 16

| image5 = UMC 18.svg

| alt5 = 18

| image6 = UMC 21.svg

| alt6 = 21

}}{{Main|National Media Council (United Arab Emirates)}}

The National Media Council ({{langx|ar|المجلس الوطني للإعلام|al-Majlis al-Watani li'al-Ealam}}) (NMC) was a body of the federal U.A.E. government which regulated all aspects of media production, publication, and media trade in the United Arab Emirates. The body was established under Federal Law (1) of 2006, and had full authority over the media in the country, both commercial and government related.

In 2018, the NMC introduced local age rating systems for various media, including video games available in retail.{{Cite web |url=http://nmc.gov.ae/en-us/Media-Center/Events/Pages/Age-Classification-System.aspx |title=Age Classification System |work=National Media Council (UAE federal government) |date=2018-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180429055321/http://nmc.gov.ae/en-us/Media-Center/Events/Pages/Age-Classification-System.aspx|archive-date=2018-04-29}}{{Cite web|last=Salama |first=Samir |url=https://gulfnews.com/news/uae/media/new-uae-ratings-system-for-films-games-books-1.2176427 |title=New UAE ratings system for films, games, books |work=Gulf News |date=2018-02-20 |access-date=2018-05-24}}

In June 2021, the Ministry of Culture & Youth launched the Media Regulatory Office ({{langx|ar|مكتب تنظيم الإعلام|Maktab Tanzheem al-Ealam}}) (MRO) to execute a number of functions and tasks previously under the National Media Council,{{Cite web|last=Mohammed |first=Reem |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/government/uae-establishes-new-regulatory-body-to-govern-the-media-1.1246841 |title=UAE establishes new regulatory body to govern the media |work=The National |date=2021-06-22 |access-date=2021-08-30}} following a restructure of the federal U.A.E. government that was approved in July 2020.{{Cite web|last=Gibbon |first=Gavin |url=https://www.arabianbusiness.com/technology/449249-uae-government-pushing-right-buttons-for-digital-transformation |title=UAE government pushing right buttons for digital transformation |work=Arabian Business |date=2020-07-07 |access-date=2021-08-29}} In June 2022, the 2018 NMC rating labels for video games began phasing out in favour of new labels reflecting the corporate image of the MRO. The ratings themselves were unchanged. The New Media Law came into force on December 1, 2023, in which the top logo of the label changed to reflect the corporate image of the UAE Media Council which went into effect in 2024.{{Cite web |date=March 1, 2023 |title=President issues Federal Decree establishing ‘UAE Media Council’, headed by National Media Office chairman |url=https://www.wam.ae/en/article/hszrgkuf-president-issues-federal-decree-establishing-%E2%80%98uae |access-date=March 1, 2023 |website=Emirates New Agency-WAM}}{{Cite Instagram |user=uaimro |postid=C8nBYG4S1xQ |title=The UAE relies on a unified age classification system for media content that includes cinematic films, video games, comic books, and printed and digital novels... |date=24 June 2024}}

{{Further|British Board of Film Classification}}

The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC), originally British Board of Film Censors, is a non-governmental organisation, funded by the film industry and responsible for the national classification of films within the United Kingdom.{{cite book|last=Nelmes|first=Jill|title=An introduction to film studies|publisher=Routledge|year=2003|pages=41|isbn=978-0-415-26268-2}} It has a statutory requirement to classify videos and DVDs. It no longer has responsibility for rating video games in the UK. This role has been passed to the Video Standards Council (formerly known as the VSC Rating Board).{{Cite web|url=http://www.videostandards.org.uk/VSC/|title=The Video Standards Council|publisher=bbfc|access-date=2010-02-06}}

In July 2012, the VSC Rating Board became the sole UK statutory video games regulator for the UK. The VSC Rating Board has been a PEGI Administrator since 2003 and subsequently uses the PEGI criteria to classify video games. The UK Interactive Entertainment Association, a UK industry trade group, works with the VSC to help properly label such games and provide informational material to parents. Games featuring strong pornographic content or ancillary mini-games to be included with a DVD feature will still be rated by the BBFC.

The image below presents outdated usage of various video game content rating systems around the world. Countries filled with gradients are using several rating systems.

File:Video game rating systems map.svg & here (usage) for more information.]]

• International Age Rating Coalition
• Mobile software content rating system
• Motion picture content rating system
• Television content rating system
• Video game controversy

{{Reflist}}

• [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/7314751.stm Video games ratings face overhaul]
• http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/tiga-responds-to-byron-review
• http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/ELSPA-concerned-by-Byron-proposals
• http://www.esrb.org/ratings/ratings_guide.jsp

{{Video game content rating systems}}

{{Video game controversy}}

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