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Vigna

{{Short description|Genus of plants}}

{{For|the surname|Vigna (surname)}}

{{Italic title}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Vigna unguiculata Blanco2.286-cropped.jpg

| image_caption = Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

| display_parents = 3

| taxon = Vigna

| authority = Savi (1824), nom. cons.

| subdivision_ranks = Subgenera

| subdivision =

  • Ceratotropis
  • Haydonia
  • Lasiospron
  • Plectrotropis
  • Vigna

| synonyms =

  • Azukia Takah. ex Ohwi (1953)
  • Callicysthus {{small|Endl. (1833)}}
  • Geolobus Raf. (1836)
  • Haydonia R.Wilczek (1954)
  • Liebrechtsia De Wild. (1902)
  • Phasellus {{small|Medik. (1787)}}
  • Plectrotropis Schumach. (1827)
  • Rudua {{small|Maek. (1955)}}
  • Scytalis E.Mey. (1836)
  • Voandzeia Thouars (1806)

|synonyms_ref = [https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325971-2 Vigna Savi] . Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 19 August 2023.

}}

Vigna is a genus of plants in the legume family, Fabaceae, with a pantropical distribution.Aitawade, M. M., et al. (2012). [http://www.iaat.org.in/Rheedea22_20-27.pdf Section Ceratotropis of subgenus Ceratotropis of Vigna (Leguminosae–Papilionoideae) in India with a new species from northern Western Ghats.] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202235258/http://www.iaat.org.in/Rheedea22_20-27.pdf |date=December 2, 2013 }} Rheedea 22(1), 20-27. It includes some well-known cultivated species, including many types of beans. Some are former members of the genus Phaseolus. According to Hortus Third, Vigna differs from Phaseolus in biochemistry and pollen structure, and in details of the style and stipules.

Vigna is also commonly confused with the genus Dolichos, but the two differ in stigma structure.{{cite book |title= Agricultural Varieties of the Cowpea and Immediately Related Species |url= https://archive.org/details/agriculturalvari00pipe |issue= 229 |series= Bulletin (United States. Bureau of Plant Industry) |author= Charles Vancouver Piper |publisher= U.S. Government Printing Office |year= 1912 |page= [https://archive.org/details/agriculturalvari00pipe/page/7 7]}}

Vigna are herbs or occasionally subshrubs. The leaves are pinnate, divided into 3 leaflets. The inflorescence is a raceme of yellow, blue, or purple pea flowers. The fruit is a legume pod of varying shapes containing seeds.[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=134572 Vigna.] Flora of China.

Familiar food species include the adzuki bean (V. angularis), the black gram (V. mungo), the cowpea (V. unguiculata, including the variety known as the black-eyed pea), and the mung bean (V. radiata). Each of these may be used as a whole bean, a bean paste, or as bean sprouts.

The genus is named after Domenico Vigna, a seventeenth-century Italian botanist and director of the Orto botanico di Pisa.Charters, M. [http://www.calflora.net/southafrica/1T-Z.html Plant Names T-Z.] The Eponym Dictionary of Southern African Plants.

Uses

Root tubers of Vigna species have traditionally been used as food by the Indigenous Peoples of the Northern Territory.NTFlora Northern Territory Flora online:[http://eflora.nt.gov.au/viewfile?file_id=1707 Flora of the Darwin Region: Fabaceae.] Retrieved 10 June 2018

Selected species

File:Cow-pea (Vigna luteola) (6728299493).jpg]]

File:Starr 050517-1591 Vigna marina.jpg]]

The genus Vigna contains at least 90 species,{{cite journal |vauthors=Delgado-Salinas A, Thulin M, Pasquet R, Weeden N, Lavin M | year = 2011 | title = Vigna (Leguminosae) sensu lato: the names and identities of the American segregate genera | journal = Am J Bot | volume = 98 | issue = 10 | pages = 1694–715 | doi = 10.3732/ajb.1100069 | pmid = 21980163| bibcode = 2011AmJB...98.1694D }} including:

{{div col|colwidth=350px}}

=Subgenus ''Ceratotropis''=

=Subgenus ''Haydonia''=

=Subgenus ''Lasiospron''=

=Subgenus ''Vigna''=

=[[Incertae sedis]]=

{{div col end}}

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

{{Commons category}}

{{unimelb|Vigna.html}}

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Category:Fabaceae genera

Category:Pantropical flora