Vilyuy Dam#Vilyuy Reservoir
{{Infobox dam
| name = Vilyuy Dam
| image = Vilyuy_River_Dam_Chernyshevsky.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| image_alt =
| location_map = Russia
| location_map_size =
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| coordinates = {{coord|63|01|55|N|112|28|19|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| country =
| location = Sakha Republic, Russia
| purpose =
| status =
| construction_began = 1964
| opening = 1967
| demolished =
| cost =
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| dam_type = Embankment
| dam_height = {{convert|75|m|ft|abbr=on}}{{cite news
|title=Experience in Constructing Dams on Permafrost in Yakutia
|author=Biyanov, G. F.
|pages=594–598
|work=Permafrost: Second International Conference (USSR Contribution)
|publisher=National Academies
|year=1978}}
| dam_height_thalweg =
| dam_height_foundation=
| dam_length = {{convert|600|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| dam_width_crest =
| dam_width_base =
| dam_volume =
| dam_elevation_crest =
| dam_crosses = Vilyuy River
| spillway_count =
| spillway_type =
| spillway_capacity = {{convert|5970|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}
| res_name =
| res_capacity_total = {{convert|35.9|km3|acre feet|abbr=on}}
| res_capacity_active =
| res_capacity_inactive=
| res_catchment =
| res_surface = {{convert|2501|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}
| res_elevation =
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| plant_operator =
| plant_commission =
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| plant_type =
| plant_turbines =
| plant_capacity = 650 MW
| plant_annual_gen = 2,710 GWh
| website =
| extra =
}}
The Vilyuy Dam ({{langx|ru|Вилюйская ГЭС}}; {{langx|sah|Бүлүүтээҕи ГЭС|Bülüütêği GES}}) is a large dam and hydroelectric power station on the Vilyuy River in Chernyshevsky, Mirninsky District, Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia. The dam was built between 1964 and 1967 to provide power for diamond mines in the area. It is located in the southern part of the Vilyuy Plateau and was one of the first of such major structures in the world to be built on permafrost. Vilyuy is reported to have the coldest operating conditions of any hydroelectric plant in the world.{{cite book
|author=Yanity, Brian B.
|title=Cold Climate Problems of a Micro-hydroelectric Development on Crow Creek, Alaska
|pages=8–9
|year=2007
|isbn=978-0-54945-634-6}}
The dam is an embankment structure {{convert|75|m|ft}} high and {{convert|600|m|ft}} long, containing {{convert|5000000|m3|yd3|abbr=on}} of fill. Its power station has four turbines with a combined capacity of 650 MW,{{cite book
|author=Smith, Daniel W.
|author2=Low, Nola
|title=Cold Regions Utilities Monograph
|publisher=American Society of Civil Engineers
|page=82
|year=1996
|isbn=0-78440-192-6}} generating 2,710 million KWh annually.
Vilyuy Reservoir
Behind the dam, the Vilyuy Reservoir started filling in 1969 and topped out in 1973. It is one of the largest man-made lakes in the world, with a length of {{convert|450|km|mi|abbr=on}} and holding up to {{convert|35.9|km3|acre feet|abbr=on}} of water. The backwater system of the large artificial lake extends along the Vilyui River to the mouth of its Chirkuo tributary. Other tributaries of the Vilyuy having their mouth in the reservoir are the Chona and the Akhtaranda.{{cite web|url=https://maps.vlasenko.net/smtm1000/p-49_50.jpg|title=P-49-50 Topographic Chart (in Russian)|access-date=24 March 2023}}[https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/579/1/012031/pdf Influence of the Vilyui hydropower plant on the regime of the Vilyui river] The flooded area has caused the winter temperature of the Vilyuy River to increase by {{convert|5|to|6|C-change|F-change}}, and has greatly reduced flooding on the lower part of the river, leading to declines in bird and fish populations. The filling of the reservoir also displaced about 600 people.{{cite web
|url=http://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/russia/silent-spring-siberia-plight-vilyuy-sakha
|title=Silent Spring in Siberia: The Plight of the Vilyuy Sakha
|publisher=Cultural Survival
|date=2010-03-25
|accessdate=2013-01-25}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- {{commonscat-inline|Vilyuy Reservoir}}
{{stack|{{Portal|Russia|Water|Renewable energy}}}}
Category:Buildings and structures in the Sakha Republic
Category:Hydroelectric power stations built in the Soviet Union
Category:Hydroelectric power stations in Russia