Virginiamycin

{{Short description|Combination antimicrobial}}

{{Drugbox

| image = Streptogramin_A.svg

| image2 = Virginiamycin_S1.png

| Verifiedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 447815516

| type = combo

| component1 = Virginiamycin S1

| class1 = streptogramin B antibiotic

| component2 = Pristinamycin IIA

| class2 = streptogramin A antibiotic

| tradename =

| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|pro|virginiamycin}}

| MedlinePlus = a603007

| pregnancy_AU =

| pregnancy_US =

| pregnancy_category =

| legal_AU =

| legal_CA =

| legal_UK =

| legal_US =

| legal_status =

| routes_of_administration =

| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}

| CAS_number = 11006-76-1

| ATC_prefix = D06

| ATC_suffix = AX10

| ATC_supplemental = {{ATCvet|J01|FG90}}

| PubChem =

| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|changed|drugbank}}

| DrugBank = DB01669

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = C49WS9N75L

| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}

| KEGG = D06311

| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}

| ChEBI = 87209

| NIAID_ChemDB = 008734

| melting_point = 138

| melting_high = 140

| melting_notes = (dec.)

}}

Virginiamycin is a streptogramin antibiotic similar to pristinamycin and quinupristin/dalfopristin. It is a combination of pristinamycin IIA (virginiamycin M1) and virginiamycin S1.{{cite journal | vauthors = Crooy P, De Neys R | title = Virginiamycin: nomenclature | journal = The Journal of Antibiotics | volume = 25 | issue = 6 | pages = 371–2 | date = June 1972 | pmid = 4568014 | doi = 10.7164/antibiotics.25.371 | doi-access = free }} Virginiamycin is used in the fuel ethanol industry to prevent microbial contamination.{{Cite web |url=http://www.fathom.com/course/21701753/session4.html |title=University of Michigan: Resistant Microbes, Antibiotic Abuse, and the Threat to Public Health |access-date=2009-03-01 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20081028215438/http://www.fathom.com/course/21701753/session4.html |archive-date=2008-10-28 |url-status=dead }} It is also used in agriculture, specifically in livestock, to accelerate the growth of the animals and to prevent and treat infections. {{cite web |author1=Margie Mason |author2=Martha Mendoza|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/drug-resistant-infections-lurk-meat-we-eat-flna1c9444000 |title=Drug-resistant infections lurk in the meat we eat | work = NBC News |date=29 December 2009 |access-date=December 29, 2009 }} Antibiotics also save as much as 30% in feed costs among young swine, although the savings fade as pigs get older, according to a USDA study.