Voiced retroflex implosive
{{Short description|Consonantal sound}}
{{redirect|Retroflex implosive|the voiceless consonant|Voiceless retroflex implosive}}
{{infobox IPA
| ipa symbol = ᶑ
| decimal=7569
| imagefile=IPA Unicode 0x1D91.svg
| imagesize=150px
}}
The voiced retroflex implosive is a type of consonantal sound. Wadiyara Koli phonemically distinguishes it from the alveolar {{IPAslink|ɗ}}. Sindhi has an implosive that varies between dental and retroflex articulation, while Oromo, Saraiki and Ngad'a have {{IPA|/ᶑ /}} but not {{IPA|/ɗ/}}.In Mangbai {{IPA|/ɗ/}} may also be retroflex, but it appears to be a preglottalized {{IPA|[ʔ͡ɖ]}} rather than an implosive (Anonby 2008).
The 'implicit' symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet is {{angbr IPA|ᶑ }} (a D with a tail for retroflex and a hook-top for implosive).Handbook of the International Phonetic Association, 1999, p. 166, 179.Kirk Miller & Michael Ashby, [https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2020/20252r-mod-ipa-a.pdf L2/20-252R] Unicode request for IPA modifier-letters (a), pulmonic
Features
Features of the voiced retroflex implosive:
{{plosive}}
{{retroflex}}
{{voiced}}
{{oral}}
{{central articulation}}
{{implosive}}
Occurrence
class=wikitable
!colspan=2|Language !Word !IPA !Meaning !Notes |
colspan=2|Marwari{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}
|{{lang|mwr-Deva|कॾहिं}} / {{lang|mwr-Arab|کڏہں}} |{{IPA|[kaᶑahin]}} | | |
colspan=2|Ngadha
|{{lang|nxg|modhe}} |{{IPA|[ˈmoᶑe]}} |'good' | |
colspan=2|Oromo
|{{lang|om|dhuma}} |{{IPA|[ᶑʊmɐ]}} |'end' | |
colspan=2| Parkari Koli
|{{lang|kvx|{{script/Arabic|مڏيو}}}} | {{IPA|[maᶑiuː]}} | 'he said' |
colspan=2|Saraiki
|{{lang|skr|ݙاک}} |{{IPA|[ᶑak]}} |'mail' |Either apical or subapical, place of articulation is more forward than |
colspan=2|Wadiyara Koli
| colspan=3 align=center | {{example needed|date=November 2022}} | Contrasts /ɓ ɗ ᶑ ʄ ɠ/. |
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- {{phoible|ᶑ}}
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