Vosgienne
{{Short description|Breed of cattle}}
{{Infobox cattle breed
|name=Vosgienne
|image=Vosgienne 111.JPG
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|image_caption=Cow grazing in the pasture.
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|country=France
|distribution=Vosges
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|use=mixed
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|skincolour=spotted black or red
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The Vosgienne is a French cattle breed of medium size well adapted to mountainous regions, primarily found in the Vosges Mountains.
Origin
According to Alain Raveneau, it originates from cows that arrived in the massif in the 17th century. It is said to have been imported by Swedish soldiers who devastated the Duchy of Lorraine during the Thirty Years' War and crossbred with the local population.{{Cite web |title=Vaches vosgiennes dans la Vallée de Munster en Alsace |url=https://www.vallee-munster.eu/fr/curieuse/sites-musees-traditions/vache-vosgienne.html#:~:text=La%20vache%20vosgienne%20prendrait%20ses,la%20Guerre%20de%20Trente%20Ans. |access-date=2024-04-14 |website=www.vallee-munster.eu}} It is believed to have found a terrain in the Vosges similar to Scandinavia and naturally adapted to the granite massif and mountainous climate.{{Cite web |title=Race bovine vosgienne {{!}} PnrBV |url=https://www.parc-ballons-vosges.fr/decouvrir/patrimoine-et-visites/les-produits-et-savoir-faire/products/la-race-bovine-vosgienne/ |access-date=2024-04-14 |website=Parc naturel régional des Ballons des Vosges}} {{Interlanguage link|Philippe J. Dubois|fr|Philippe J. Dubois}}, however, considers this origin more of a legend. According to him, the breed comes from a Jura population, close to the Tourache of Franche-Comté, an ancestor of the Montbéliarde. This ancient population would have been crossbred with Brown and {{Interlanguage link|Prim'Holstein|fr|Prim'Holstein}} breeds. Photos from the late 19th century to the 1960s show animals that were almost entirely black with white heads or piebald, but very few were speckled.{{Cite book |last=Dubois |first=Philippe Jacques |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XGwR0AEACAAJ |title=Toutes les vaches de France: d'hier, d'aujourd'hui et de demain |date=2023 |publisher=Delachaux et niestlé |isbn=978-2-603-02945-9 |language=fr}}
In the past, two types coexisted, selected from different geographical areas: in the Bruche valley, cows were small and slender, and in the Munster region, they were more massive. The first type disappeared before 1980. From 1971, an introduction of Telemark bull semen took place in 12% of the population.
Abilities
It is a dual-purpose breed, with both productions being valued equally without favoring one over the other.{{Cite web |title=Standard de la race Vosgienne - La Race Bovine Vosgienne |url=https://www.racevosgienne.com/race/presentation-de-la-race/standards |access-date=2024-04-14 |website=www.racevosgienne.com}} Before the advent of mechanized traction, the Vosgienne breed was also used as a draught animal. Its well-balanced milk, rich in useful substances, is highly valued for AOC Munster cheese.{{Cite web |title=Les incroyables histoires des Vosges. Le munster et les Vosges : toute une histoire… de caractère ! |url=https://www.vosgesmatin.fr/culture-loisirs/2021/07/25/le-munster-et-les-vosges-toute-une-histoire-de-caractere |access-date=2024-04-14 |website=www.vosgesmatin.fr |language=FR-fr}} While heifers may lack a bit of precocity, this drawback is offset by very good longevity.
In popular culture
The Vosgienne breed, represented by the cow Candy, is the official mascot of the 2011 International Agricultural Show in Paris.{{Cite web |date=2017-02-25 |title=Qu'est devenue la vache Candy, star du salon de l'agriculture 2011 ? |url=https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/bourgogne-franche-comte/haute-saone/qu-est-devenue-vache-candy-star-du-salon-agriculture-2011-1203305.html-1203305.html |access-date=2024-04-14 |website=France 3 Bourgogne-Franche-Comté |language=fr-FR}}{{Cite web |title=AGRICULTURE. La vosgienne Candy, star du salon 2011, observera Eurogénétique de ses prés haut-saônois |url=https://www.estrepublicain.fr/edition-de-vesoul-haute-saone/2015/04/09/la-vosgienne-candy-star-du-salon-2011-observera-eurogenetique-de-ses-pres-haut-saonois |access-date=2024-04-14 |website=www.estrepublicain.fr |language=FR-fr}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}{{Commons category|Vosgienne cattle}}
{{Cattle breeds of France}}