Vyshny Volochyok

The town is located {{convert|119|km|sp=us}} northwest of Tver, in the Valdai Hills, between the Tvertsa and Tsna Rivers, on the watershed between the basins of the Volga and the Baltic Sea. Hence the town's name is translated from Russian as "Upper Portage".

{{Weather box

| width = auto

| collapsed = yes

| metric first = yes

| single line = yes

| location = Vyshny Volochyok (1991–2020)

| Jan high C = -4.3

| Feb high C = -3.5

| Mar high C = 2.2

| Apr high C = 10.4

| May high C = 17.4

| Jun high C = 21.1

| Jul high C = 23.4

| Aug high C = 21.3

| Sep high C = 15.3

| Oct high C = 7.9

| Nov high C = 1.0

| Dec high C = -2.8

| year high C = 9.1

| Jan mean C = -6.9

| Feb mean C = -6.7

| Mar mean C = -1.9

| Apr mean C = 5.2

| May mean C = 11.8

| Jun mean C = 15.9

| Jul mean C = 18.1

| Aug mean C = 16.1

| Sep mean C = 10.8

| Oct mean C = 4.8

| Nov mean C = -1.1

| Dec mean C = -4.9

| year mean C = 5.1

| Jan low C = -9.8

| Feb low C = -10.1

| Mar low C = -5.9

| Apr low C = 0.3

| May low C = 6.0

| Jun low C = 10.4

| Jul low C = 12.9

| Aug low C = 11.2

| Sep low C = 6.9

| Oct low C = 2.0

| Nov low C = -3.2

| Dec low C = -7.4

| year low C = 1.1

| precipitation colour = green

| Jan precipitation mm = 40.1

| Feb precipitation mm = 31.0

| Mar precipitation mm = 27.7

| Apr precipitation mm = 28.6

| May precipitation mm = 55.5

| Jun precipitation mm = 70.5

| Jul precipitation mm = 82.3

| Aug precipitation mm = 70.7

| Sep precipitation mm = 55.5

| Oct precipitation mm = 57.9

| Nov precipitation mm = 46.4

| Dec precipitation mm = 41.9

| year precipitation mm = 608.1

| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm

| Jan precipitation days = 11

| Feb precipitation days = 9

| Mar precipitation days = 8

| Apr precipitation days = 7

| May precipitation days = 9

| Jun precipitation days = 10

| Jul precipitation days = 10

| Aug precipitation days = 10

| Sep precipitation days = 9

| Oct precipitation days = 11

| Nov precipitation days = 10

| Dec precipitation days = 11

| year precipitation days = 115

| Jan humidity = 89

| Feb humidity = 84

| Mar humidity = 77

| Apr humidity = 69

| May humidity = 67

| Jun humidity = 71

| Jul humidity = 76

| Aug humidity = 79

| Sep humidity = 83

| Oct humidity = 86

| Nov humidity = 89

| Dec humidity = 89

| year humidity = 80

| source 1 = NOAA{{cite web

|url = https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/RussianFederation/CSV/VysnijVolocek_26393.csv

|title = World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Vyshny Volochyok

|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

|access-date = April 9, 2024}}

}}

File:View of Vyshny Volochyok - Mayerberg.tif

The portage between the Tsna and the Tvertsa rivers existed from medieval times as confirmed by archaeological artifacts found in the area. Vyshny Volochyok as a settlement was mentioned in chronicles in 1471. In 1703–1722, Peter the Great had a canal constructed to link the two rivers (the Vyshny Volochyok Waterway). In the 1740, the road connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg was built. These two events gave a start to the fast economic development of Vyshny Volochyok, which later also became a major center of textile manufacture and glass production. In 1772, the first fair was held, and in the first half of the 19th century the road was rebuilt in stone. In 1851, railroad construction followed.

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, Vyshny Volochyok was included into Ingermanlandia Governorate (since 1710 known as Saint Petersburg Governorate), and in 1727 Novgorod Governorate split off. On May 28, 1770, Vyshny Volochyok was granted town rights, and on April 2, 1772 Vyshnevolotsky Uyezd of Novgorod Governorate was established, with its seat in Vyshny Volochyok. In 1775, the Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to the Moscow and Novgorod Governorates, and Vyshny Volochyok was transferred to the Tver Viceroyalty, which in 1796 was transformed into Tver Governorate.{{cite web|url=http://www.v-volok.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=194&catid=61:history&Itemid=39|script-title=ru:История Вышневолоцкого района|publisher=Administration of Vyshnevolotsky District|language=ru|access-date=13 January 2014}}

On July 12, 1929 the governorates and uyezds were abolished. Vyshnevolotsky District, with the administrative center in Vyshny Volochyok, was established within Tver Okrug of Moscow Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January 29, 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Vyshny Volochyok was transferred to Kalinin Oblast.{{cite web |url=http://guides.rusarchives.ru/browse/guidebook.html?bid=225&sid=767186 |script-title=ru:Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области |publisher=Архивы России |language=ru |access-date=30 October 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419140741/http://guides.rusarchives.ru/browse/guidebook.html?bid=225&sid=767186 |archive-date=April 19, 2012 |df=mdy-all }} In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.{{cite news |title=17 июля 1990 года Калинин стал Тверью |url=https://tvernews.ru/news/273486/ |work=Tvernews |date=17 July 2021 |language=ru}}

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Vyshny Volochyok serves as the administrative center of Vyshnevolotsky District,{{OKATO reference|28 212}} even though it is not a part of it.Law #34-ZO As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as Vyshny Volochyok Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, Vyshny Volochyok Okrug is incorporated as Vyshny Volochyok Urban Okrug.Law #4-ZO

The economy of Vyshny Volochyok is based on timber, glassmaking, and textile industries.{{cite web|url=http://v.volochekadm.ru/vizitnaia_kartochka_vishnego_volochka|script-title=ru:Визитная карточка Вышнего Волочка|last=Медведев|first=Сергей Васильевич|year=2012|publisher=Ирида-Прос|language=ru|access-date=16 January 2014}}

The railroad connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg passes through Vyshny Volochyok.

The M10 highway, which connects Moscow and St. Petersburg, passes through the city as well. A road connecting to Maksatikha, Bezhetsk, and Rybinsk branches out east. There are local roads as well, with the bus traffic originating from Vyshny Volochyok.

The Tvertsa and the Msta are connected by the Vyshny Volochyok Waterway, constructed in the 18th century to provide for a waterway connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg, in particular, the Neva and the Volga. Currently, there is no passenger navigation.

File:Vyshny Volochek Kazan monastery.jpg]]

Vyshny Volochyok contains twenty-four cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally forty-four objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federal monuments are the canals, dams, and embankments of the Vyshny Volochyok Waterway, the former Serdykov Estate related to the visits of Peter the Great to Vyshny Volochyok, as well as a number of buildings in the city center, including the trading arcades.{{RKN_base}}

Vyshny Volochyok hosts a local museum which was open in 1932 (formally, it is a division of the Tver State United Museum). There is also a theater.

In the episode Limerick of Cabin Pressure, Vyshny Volochyok is mentioned at the start and has a limerick devoted to it near the end.

{{Reflist}}

• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|tve|adm|law}}
• {{RussiaAdmMunRef|tve|mun|list0}}

{{Tver Oblast}}

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Category:Cities and towns in Tver Oblast

Category:Vyshnevolotsky Uyezd

Category:Portages