WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein 2

The CCN family of proteins regulates diverse cellular functions, including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation.{{cite journal | vauthors = Chen CC, Lau LF | title = Functions and mechanisms of action of CCN matricellular proteins | journal = The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology | volume = 41 | issue = 4 | pages = 771–83 | date = Apr 2009 | pmid = 18775791 | pmc = 2668982 | doi = 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.07.025 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Holbourn KP, Acharya KR, Perbal B | title = The CCN family of proteins: structure-function relationships | journal = Trends in Biochemical Sciences | volume = 33 | issue = 10 | pages = 461–73 | date = Oct 2008 | pmid = 18789696 | pmc = 2683937 | doi = 10.1016/j.tibs.2008.07.006 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Leask A, Abraham DJ | title = All in the CCN family: essential matricellular signaling modulators emerge from the bunker | journal = Journal of Cell Science | volume = 119 | issue = Pt 23 | pages = 4803–10 | date = Dec 2006 | pmid = 17130294 | doi = 10.1242/jcs.03270 | doi-access = | s2cid = 334940 }}

WISP-2 is a member of the CCN family (CCN intercellular signaling protein) of secreted, extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated signaling matricellular proteins. The CCN acronym is derived from the first three members of the family identified, namely CYR61 (CCN1), CTGF (connective tissue growth factor, or CCN2), and NOV. These proteins, together with WISP1/CCN4, WISP2 (CCN5, this gene), and WISP3 (CCN6) comprise the six-member CCN family in vertebrates. CCN proteins characteristically contain an N-terminal secretory signal peptide followed by four structurally distinct domains with homologies to insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP), von Willebrand type C repeats (vWC), thrombospondin type 1 repeat (TSR), and a cysteine knot motif within the C-terminal (CT) domain. However, WISP-2 is unique among this family of proteins by lacking precisely the CT domain.

WISP-2 (CCN5) inhibits the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells,{{cite journal | vauthors = Lake AC, Bialik A, Walsh K, Castellot JJ | title = CCN5 is a growth arrest-specific gene that regulates smooth muscle cell proliferation and motility | journal = The American Journal of Pathology | volume = 162 | issue = 1 | pages = 219–31 | date = Jan 2003 | pmid = 12507905 | pmc = 1851113 | doi = 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63813-8 }} human uterine myometrial cells, and leiomyoma cells.{{cite journal | vauthors = Mason HR, Lake AC, Wubben JE, Nowak RA, Castellot JJ | title = The growth arrest-specific gene CCN5 is deficient in human leiomyomas and inhibits the proliferation and motility of cultured human uterine smooth muscle cells | journal = Molecular Human Reproduction | volume = 10 | issue = 3 | pages = 181–7 | date = Mar 2004 | pmid = 14981145 | doi = 10.1093/molehr/gah028 | doi-access = free }} Ectopic expression of WISP-2 also inhibits the motility and invasiveness of breast carcinoma cells.{{cite journal | vauthors = Fritah A, Saucier C, De Wever O, Bracke M, Bièche I, Lidereau R, Gespach C, Drouot S, Redeuilh G, Sabbah M | title = Role of WISP-2/CCN5 in the maintenance of a differentiated and noninvasive phenotype in human breast cancer cells | journal = Molecular and Cellular Biology | volume = 28 | issue = 3 | pages = 1114–23 | date = Feb 2008 | pmid = 18070926 | pmc = 2223394 | doi = 10.1128/MCB.01335-07 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Banerjee S, Dhar G, Haque I, Kambhampati S, Mehta S, Sengupta K, Tawfik O, Phillips TA, Banerjee SK | title = CCN5/WISP-2 expression in breast adenocarcinoma is associated with less frequent progression of the disease and suppresses the invasive phenotypes of tumor cells | journal = Cancer Research | volume = 68 | issue = 18 | pages = 7606–12 | date = Sep 2008 | pmid = 18794149 | doi = 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-1461 | doi-access = free }} WISP-2 also inhibits cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, an effect that appears linked to the absence of the CT domain.{{cite journal | vauthors = Yoon PO, Lee MA, Cha H, Jeong MH, Kim J, Jang SP, Choi BY, Jeong D, Yang DK, Hajjar RJ, Park WJ | title = The opposing effects of CCN2 and CCN5 on the development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis | journal = Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology | volume = 49 | issue = 2 | pages = 294–303 | date = Aug 2010 | pmid = 20430035 | doi = 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2010.04.010 }}

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Category:CCN proteins