Walloon Coal Measures
{{Use Australian English|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox rockunit
| name = Walloon Coal Measures
| image =
| caption =
| type = Subgroup
| age = Oxfordian-early Tithonian
~{{fossil range|166|149}}
| period = Late Jurassic
| prilithology = Shale, sandstone, siltstone
| otherlithology = Coal, limestone
| namedfor = Walloon
| namedby = Dudgeon
| year_ts = 1982
| region = {{flag|Queensland}}
| country = {{AUS}}
| coordinates = {{coord|27.0|S|152.6|E|display=inline,title}}
| paleocoordinates = {{coord|67.2|S|93.3|E|display=inline}}
| unitof = Injune Creek Group
| subunits = Juandah Coal Measures, Maclean Sandstone Member, Tangalooma Sandstone, Taroom Coal Measures, Mutdapilly fossil locality
| underlies = Springbok Sandstone
| overlies = Hutton Sandstone, Eurombah Formation
| thickness = {{convert|420|-|700|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| extent = Surat & Clarence-Moreton Basins
| area =
| map = {{Location map+ | Australia
| relief = 1
| width = 250
| float = center
| places =
{{Location map~ | Australia
| lat_deg = -27.0
| lon_deg = 152.6
| mark = Blue pog.svg
| marksize = 12
}}
}}
| map_caption =
}}
The Walloon Coal Measures are a Late Jurassic geologic subgroup in Queensland, Australia. Deposited within the Surat Basin, it is considered Oxfordian to early Tithonian in age based on lead-uranium dating of tuffites within the unit.{{Cite journal|last1=Todd|first1=Christopher N.|last2=Roberts|first2=Eric M.|last3=Knutsen|first3=Espen M.|last4=Rozefelds|first4=Andrew C.|last5=Huang|first5=Hui-Qing|last6=Spandler|first6=Carl|date=December 2019|title=Refined age and geological context of two of Australia's most important Jurassic vertebrate taxa (Rhoetosaurus brownei and Siderops kehli), Queensland|journal=Gondwana Research|volume=76|pages=19–25|doi=10.1016/j.gr.2019.05.008|bibcode=2019GondR..76...19T |s2cid=199105458 }}
Description
The {{convert|420|to|700|m|ft}} thick formation comprises thin-bedded, claystones, shales, siltstones, lithic and sublithic to feldspathic arenites, coal seams and partings and minor limestone. The formation is laterally equivalent to the Mulgildie Coal Measures and Birkhead Formation.[https://asud.ga.gov.au/search-stratigraphic-units/results/19303 Walloon Coal Measures] - Australian Stratigraphic Units Database
Fossil content
The formation, in the Jurassic in the South Polar region, has provided fossil flora and trace fossils of theropods, ornithopods and Changpeipus bartholomaii and Garbina roeorum.[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=142853 Westvale No. 5 Colliery] at Fossilworks.org[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=60755 Balgowan Colliery, Darling Downs] at Fossilworks.org The dinosaur Rhoetosaurus is known from the unit. 11 tracks are known from the formation, mostly those of large (prints 30-75 centimetres in length) theropods.{{Cite journal|last1=Romilio|first1=Anthony|last2=Salisbury|first2=Steven W.|last3=Jannel|first3=Andréas|date=2020-06-12|title=Footprints of large theropod dinosaurs in the Middle–UpperJurassic (lower Callovian–lower Tithonian) Walloon Coal Measures of southern Queensland, Australia.|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08912963.2020.1772252|journal=Historical Biology|volume=33 |issue=10 |language=en|pages=2135–2146|doi=10.1080/08912963.2020.1772252|s2cid=225692077 |issn=0891-2963}}
References
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Further reading
- L. C. Ball. 1933. Fossil footprints. Queensland Government Mining Journal 34(403):384
- A. Bartholomai. 1966. Fossil footprints in Queensland. Australian Natural History 15:147-150
- J. B. Cameron. 1970. The Rosewood-Walloon coalfield. Geological Survey of Queensland Publication 344:1-42
- Dudgeon, M.J., 1982, Stratigraphy and palaeobotany of east and west Haldon, Main Range, southeast Queensland., University of Queensland Department of Geology. Papers, 10(2), p83-110
- Green, P.M., Carmichael, D.C., Brain, T.J., Murray, C.G., McKellar, J.L., Beeston, J.W., Gray, A.R.G., 1997, Lithostratigraphic units in the Bowen and Surat Basins, Queensland IN: Green, P.M. (ed.) "The Surat and Bowen Basins, south-east Queensland", Queensland Minerals and Energy Review Series, Queensland Geological Survey, 1v, p41-108
- T. H. Rich and P. Vickers-Rich. 2003. A Century of Australian Dinosaurs. Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery and Monash Science Centre, Monash University 1-124
- J. F. Rigby. 1978. Jurassic plant fossils from the Walloon Coal Measures at Rosewood Consolidated Colliery. Queensland Government Mining Journal 526-529
- Wells, A.T., O'Brien, P.E., 1994, Lithostratigraphic framework of the Clarence-Moreton Basin IN Wells, A.T. and O'Brien, P.E. (eds.) "Geology and Petroleum Potential of the Clarence-Moreton Basin, New South Wales and Queensland", Australian Geological Survey Organisation. Bulletin, 241, p4-47
Category:Jurassic System of Australia