Water (data page)#Water with dissolved NaCl

This page provides supplementary data to the article properties of water.

Further comprehensive authoritative data can be found at the NIST Chemistry WebBook page on thermophysical properties of fluids.{{Cite web |title=Thermophysical Properties of Fluid Systems |url=https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/ |work=NIST Chemistry WebBook |id=NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69 |publisher=National Institute of Standards and Technology |doi=10.18434/T4D303}}

Structure and properties

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! {{chembox header}}|Structure and properties

Index of refraction, n_D

| 1.333 at 20 °C

Dielectric constant{{sfn|Lide|2004|p=6-15}}

88.00 at 0 °C

86.04 at 5 °C

84.11 at 10 °C

82.22 at 15 °C

80.36 at 20 °C

78.54 at 25 °C

76.75 at 30 °C

75.00 at 35 °C

73.28 at 40 °C

71.59 at 45 °C

69.94 at 50 °C

66.74 at 60 °C

63.68 at 70 °C

60.76 at 80 °C

57.98 at 90 °C

55.33 at 100 °C

Bond strength

| 492.215 kJ/mol O–H bond dissociation energy{{cite journal|doi=10.1063/1.2387163|title=A direct measurement of the dissociation energy of water|year=2006|last1=Maksyutenko|first1=Pavlo|last2=Rizzo|first2=Thomas R.|last3=Boyarkin|first3=Oleg V.|journal=The Journal of Chemical Physics|volume=125|pages=181101|pmid=17115729|issue=18|bibcode=2006JChPh.125r1101M}}

Bond length

| 95.87 pm (equilibrium){{cite journal|doi=10.1016/0022-2852(74)90261-6|title=Molecular force field and structure of water: Recent microwave results|year=1974|last1=Cook|first1=R|last2=Delucia|first2=F|last3=Helminger|first3=P|journal=Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy|volume=53|issue=1|pages=62–76|bibcode=1974JMoSp..53...62C}}

Bond angle

| 104.48° (equilibrium) {{cite journal|year=1979|last1=Hoy|first1=AR|last2=Bunker|first2=PR|journal=Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy|volume=74|pages=1–8|doi=10.1016/0022-2852(79)90019-5|title=A precise solution of the rotation bending Schrödinger equation for a triatomic molecule with application to the water molecule|issue=1|bibcode=1979JMoSp..74....1H}}{{Cite web|url=http://cccbdb.nist.gov/expangle2.asp?descript=aHOH&all=0|title=List of experimental bond angles of type aHOH|website=Computational Chemistry Comparison and Benchmark DataBase}}

Magnetic susceptibility

| −9.04 × 10⁻⁶ volume SI units{{cite book|last=Griffiths|first=David Jeffery |title=Introduction to Electrodynamics|url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontoel00grif_0|url-access=registration|edition=3rd|year=1999|publisher=Prentice Hall|isbn=978-0-13-919960-8|page=[https://archive.org/details/introductiontoel00grif_0/page/275 275]}}

Thermodynamic properties

border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: #FFFFFF; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;" ! {{chembox header}}\|Phase behavior
Triple point \| 273.16 K (0.01 °C), 611.73 Pa
Critical point \| 647 K (374 °C), 22.1 MPa
Enthalpy change of fusion at 273.15 K, Δ_fusH \| 6.01 kJ/mol
Entropy change of fusion at 273.15 K, 1 bar, Δ_fusS \| 22.0 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change of vaporization, Δ_vapH^o \| 44.0 kJ/mol
Enthalpy change of vaporization at 373.15 K, Δ_vapH \| 40.68 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of vaporization, Δ_vapS^o \| 118.89 J/(mol·K)
Entropy change of vaporization at 373.15 K, Δ_vapS \| 109.02 J/(mol·K)
Enthalpy change of sublimation at 273.15 K, Δ_subH \| 51.1 kJ/mol
Std entropy change of sublimation at 273.15 K, 1 bar, Δ_subS \| ~144 J/(mol·K)
Molal freezing point constant \| −1.858 °C kg/mol
Molal boiling point constant \| 0.512 °C kg/mol
{{chembox header}}\|Solid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_solid \| −291.83 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_solid \| 41 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p \| 12.2 J/(mol K) at −200 °C 15.0 J/(mol K) at −180 °C 17.3 J/(mol K) at −160 °C 19.8 J/(mol K) at −140 °C 24.8 J/(mol K) at −100 °C 29.6 J/(mol K) at −60 °C 32.77 J/(mol K) at −38.3 °C 33.84 J/(mol K) at −30.6 °C 35.20 J/(mol K) at −20.8 °C 36.66 J/(mol K) at −11.0 °C 37.19 J/(mol K) at −4.9 °C 37.84 J/(mol K) at −2.2 °C
{{chembox header}}\|Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_liquid \| −285.83 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_liquid \| 69.95 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p \| 75.97 J/(mol K) and 4.2176 J/(g·K) at 0 °C 75.52 J/(mol K) and 4.1921 J/(g·K) at 10 °C 75.33 J/(mol K) and 4.1818 J/(g·K) at 20 °C 75.28 J/(mol K) and 4.1787 J/(g·K) at 25 °C 75.26 J/(mol K) and 4.1784 J/(g·K) at 30 °C 75.26 J/(mol K) and 4.1785 J/(g·K) at 40 °C 75.30 J/(mol K) and 4.1806 J/(g·K) at 50 °C 75.37 J/(mol K) and 4.1843 J/(g·K) at 60 °C 75.46 J/(mol K) and 4.1895 J/(g·K) at 70 °C 75.58 J/(mol K) and 4.1963 J/(g·K) at 80 °C 75.74 J/(mol K) and 4.2050 J/(g·K) at 90 °C 75.94 J/(mol K) and 4.2159 J/(g·K) at 100 °C
{{chembox header}}\|Gas properties
Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ_fH^o_gas \| −241.83 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy, S^o_gas \| 188.84 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, c_p \| 36.5 J/(mol K) at 100 °C 36.1 J/(mol K) at 200 °C 36.2 J/(mol K) at 400 °C 37.9 J/(mol K) at 700 °C 41.4 J/(mol K) at 1000 °C
Heat capacity, c_v \| 27.5 J/(mol K) at 100 °C 27.6 J/(mol K) at 200 °C 27.8 J/(mol K) at 400 °C 29.5 J/(mol K) at 700 °C 33.1 J/(mol K) at 1000 °C
Heat capacity ratio, γ = c_p/c_v \| 1.324 at 100 °C 1.310 at 200 °C 1.301 at 400 °C 1.282 at 700 °C 1.252 at 1000 °C
van der Waals' constants \| a = 553.6 L² kPa/mol² b = 0.03049 L/mol

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! {{chembox header}}|Phase behavior

Triple point

| 273.16 K (0.01 °C), 611.73 Pa

Critical point

| 647 K (374 °C), 22.1 MPa

Enthalpy change
of fusion at 273.15 K, Δ_fusH

| 6.01 kJ/mol

Entropy change of fusion
at 273.15 K, 1 bar, Δ_fusS

| 22.0 J/(mol·K)

Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, Δ_vapH^o

| 44.0 kJ/mol

Enthalpy change of
vaporization at 373.15 K, Δ_vapH

| 40.68 kJ/mol

Std entropy change
of vaporization, Δ_vapS^o

| 118.89 J/(mol·K)

Entropy change of
vaporization at 373.15 K, Δ_vapS

| 109.02 J/(mol·K)

Enthalpy change of
sublimation at 273.15 K, Δ_subH

| 51.1 kJ/mol

Std entropy change of sublimation
at 273.15 K, 1 bar, Δ_subS

| ~144 J/(mol·K)

Molal freezing point constant

| −1.858 °C kg/mol

Molal boiling point constant

| 0.512 °C kg/mol

{{chembox header}}|Solid properties

Std enthalpy change
of formation, Δ_fH^o_solid

| −291.83 kJ/mol

Standard molar entropy,
S^o_solid

| 41 J/(mol K)

Heat capacity, c_p

| 12.2 J/(mol K) at −200 °C
15.0 J/(mol K) at −180 °C
17.3 J/(mol K) at −160 °C
19.8 J/(mol K) at −140 °C
24.8 J/(mol K) at −100 °C
29.6 J/(mol K) at −60 °C
32.77 J/(mol K) at −38.3 °C
33.84 J/(mol K) at −30.6 °C
35.20 J/(mol K) at −20.8 °C
36.66 J/(mol K) at −11.0 °C
37.19 J/(mol K) at −4.9 °C
37.84 J/(mol K) at −2.2 °C

{{chembox header}}|Liquid properties

Std enthalpy change
of formation, Δ_fH^o_liquid

| −285.83 kJ/mol

Standard molar entropy,
S^o_liquid

| 69.95 J/(mol K)

Heat capacity, c_p

| 75.97 J/(mol K) and 4.2176 J/(g·K) at 0 °C
75.52 J/(mol K) and 4.1921 J/(g·K) at 10 °C
75.33 J/(mol K) and 4.1818 J/(g·K) at 20 °C
75.28 J/(mol K) and 4.1787 J/(g·K) at 25 °C
75.26 J/(mol K) and 4.1784 J/(g·K) at 30 °C
75.26 J/(mol K) and 4.1785 J/(g·K) at 40 °C
75.30 J/(mol K) and 4.1806 J/(g·K) at 50 °C
75.37 J/(mol K) and 4.1843 J/(g·K) at 60 °C
75.46 J/(mol K) and 4.1895 J/(g·K) at 70 °C
75.58 J/(mol K) and 4.1963 J/(g·K) at 80 °C
75.74 J/(mol K) and 4.2050 J/(g·K) at 90 °C
75.94 J/(mol K) and 4.2159 J/(g·K) at 100 °C

{{chembox header}}|Gas properties

Std enthalpy change
of formation, Δ_fH^o_gas

| −241.83 kJ/mol

Standard molar entropy,
S^o_gas

| 188.84 J/(mol K)

Heat capacity, c_p

| 36.5 J/(mol K) at 100 °C
36.1 J/(mol K) at 200 °C
36.2 J/(mol K) at 400 °C
37.9 J/(mol K) at 700 °C
41.4 J/(mol K) at 1000 °C

Heat capacity, c_v

| 27.5 J/(mol K) at 100 °C
27.6 J/(mol K) at 200 °C
27.8 J/(mol K) at 400 °C
29.5 J/(mol K) at 700 °C
33.1 J/(mol K) at 1000 °C

Heat capacity ratio,
γ = c_p/c_v

| 1.324 at 100 °C
1.310 at 200 °C
1.301 at 400 °C
1.282 at 700 °C
1.252 at 1000 °C

van der Waals' constants

| a = 553.6 L² kPa/mol²
b = 0.03049 L/mol

Liquid physical properties

File:Temperature dependence surface tension of water.svg

File:Density of ice and water (en).svg

border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: #FFFFFF; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;" ! {{chembox header}}\|Velocity of sound in water
c in distilled water at 25 °C \| 1498 m/s
c at other temperatures{{cite web\|url=http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/sound-speed-water-d_598.html\|title=Water and the Speed of Sound\|publisher=www.engineeringtoolbox.com\|access-date=2008-04-29}} \| 1403 m/s at 0 °C 1427 m/s at 5 °C 1447 m/s at 10 °C 1481 m/s at 20 °C 1507 m/s at 30 °C 1526 m/s at 40 °C 1541 m/s at 50 °C 1552 m/s at 60 °C 1555 m/s at 70 °C 1555 m/s at 80 °C 1550 m/s at 90 °C 1543 m/s at 100 °C
{{chembox header}}\|Density{{sfn\|Dean\|Lange\|1999\|p=1199\|ps=: Due to the old definition of liter used at the time, the data from the Handbook was converted from old g/ml to g/cm³, by multiplying by 0.999973}}{{sfn\|Lide\|2004\|p=6-15}}{{page needed\|date=June 2016}}
0.983854 g/cm³ at −30 °C \|0.99221 g/cm³ at 40 °C
0.993547 g/cm³ at −20 °C \|0.99022 g/cm³ at 45 °C
0.998117 g/cm³ at −10 °C \| 0.98804 g/cm³ at 50 °C
0.9998395 g/cm³ at 0 °C \| 0.98570 g/cm³ at 55 °C
0.999972 g/cm³ at 3.984 °C{{sfn\|Franks\|2012\|p=376}}
0.9999720 g/cm³ at 4 °C \| 0.98321 g/cm³ at 60 °C
0.99996 g/cm³ at 5 °C \| 0.98056 g/cm³ at 65 °C
0.9997026 g/cm³ at 10 °C \| 0.97778 g/cm³ at 70 °C
0.9991026 g/cm³ at 15 °C \| 0.97486 g/cm³ at 75 °C
0.9982071 g/cm³ at 20 °C \| 0.97180 g/cm³ at 80 °C
0.9977735 g/cm³ at 22 °C \| 0.96862 g/cm³ at 85 °C
0.9970479 g/cm³ at 25 °C \| 0.96531 g/cm³ at 90 °C
0.9956502 g/cm³ at 30 °C \| 0.96189 g/cm³ at 95 °C
0.99403 g/cm³ at 35 °C \| 0.95835 g/cm³ at 100 °C
colspan=2\| The values below 0 °C refer to supercooled water.
{{chembox header}}\|Viscosity{{sfn\|Lide\|2004\|p=6-201}}
1.7921 mPa·s (cP) at 0 °C \| 0.5494 mPa·s at 50 °C
1.5188 mPa·s at 5 °C \| 0.5064 mPa·s at 55 °C
1.3077 mPa·s at 10 °C \| 0.4688 mPa·s at 60 °C
1.1404 mPa·s at 15 °C \| 0.4355 mPa·s at 65 °C
1.0050 mPa·s at 20 °C \| 0.4061 mPa·s at 70 °C
0.8937 mPa·s at 25 °C \| 0.3799 mPa·s at 75 °C
0.8007 mPa·s at 30 °C \| 0.3635 mPa·s at 80 °C
0.7225 mPa·s at 35 °C \| 0.3355 mPa·s at 85 °C
0.6560 mPa·s at 40 °C \| 0.3165 mPa·s at 90 °C
0.5988 mPa·s at 45 °C \| 0.2994 mPa·s at 95 °C
\| 0.2838 mPa·s at 100 °C
{{chembox header}}\|Surface tension{{sfn\|Dean\|Lange\|1999\|p=1663}}
75.64 dyn/cm at 0 °C \| 69.56 dyn/cm at 40 °C
74.92 dyn/cm at 5 °C \| 68.74 dyn/cm at 45 °C
74.22 dyn/cm at 10 °C \| 67.91 dyn/cm at 50 °C
73.49 dyn/cm at 15 °C \| 66.18 dyn/cm at 60 °C
72.75 dyn/cm at 20 °C \| 64.42 dyn/cm at 70 °C
71.97 dyn/cm at 25 °C \| 62.61 dyn/cm at 80 °C
71.18 dyn/cm at 30 °C \| 60.75 dyn/cm at 90 °C
70.38 dyn/cm at 35 °C \| 58.85 dyn/cm at 100 °C

border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: #FFFFFF; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;"

! {{chembox header}}|Velocity of sound in water

c in distilled water at 25 °C

| 1498 m/s

c at other temperatures{{cite web|url=http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/sound-speed-water-d_598.html|title=Water and the Speed of Sound|publisher=www.engineeringtoolbox.com|access-date=2008-04-29}}

| 1403 m/s at 0 °C
1427 m/s at 5 °C
1447 m/s at 10 °C
1481 m/s at 20 °C
1507 m/s at 30 °C
1526 m/s at 40 °C
1541 m/s at 50 °C
1552 m/s at 60 °C
1555 m/s at 70 °C
1555 m/s at 80 °C
1550 m/s at 90 °C
1543 m/s at 100 °C

{{chembox header}}|Density{{sfn|Dean|Lange|1999|p=1199|ps=: Due to the old definition of liter used at the time, the data from the Handbook was converted from old g/ml to g/cm³, by multiplying by 0.999973}}{{sfn|Lide|2004|p=6-15}}{{page needed|date=June 2016}}

0.983854 g/cm³ at −30 °C

|0.99221 g/cm³ at 40 °C

0.993547 g/cm³ at −20 °C

|0.99022 g/cm³ at 45 °C

0.998117 g/cm³ at −10 °C

| 0.98804 g/cm³ at 50 °C

0.9998395 g/cm³ at 0 °C

| 0.98570 g/cm³ at 55 °C

0.999972 g/cm³ at 3.984 °C{{sfn|Franks|2012|p=376}}

0.9999720 g/cm³ at 4 °C

| 0.98321 g/cm³ at 60 °C

0.99996 g/cm³ at 5 °C

| 0.98056 g/cm³ at 65 °C

0.9997026 g/cm³ at 10 °C

| 0.97778 g/cm³ at 70 °C

0.9991026 g/cm³ at 15 °C

| 0.97486 g/cm³ at 75 °C

0.9982071 g/cm³ at 20 °C

| 0.97180 g/cm³ at 80 °C

0.9977735 g/cm³ at 22 °C

| 0.96862 g/cm³ at 85 °C

0.9970479 g/cm³ at 25 °C

| 0.96531 g/cm³ at 90 °C

0.9956502 g/cm³ at 30 °C

| 0.96189 g/cm³ at 95 °C

0.99403 g/cm³ at 35 °C

| 0.95835 g/cm³ at 100 °C

colspan=2| The values below 0 °C refer to supercooled water.

{{chembox header}}|Viscosity{{sfn|Lide|2004|p=6-201}}

1.7921 mPa·s (cP) at 0 °C

| 0.5494 mPa·s at 50 °C

1.5188 mPa·s at 5 °C

| 0.5064 mPa·s at 55 °C

1.3077 mPa·s at 10 °C

| 0.4688 mPa·s at 60 °C

1.1404 mPa·s at 15 °C

| 0.4355 mPa·s at 65 °C

1.0050 mPa·s at 20 °C

| 0.4061 mPa·s at 70 °C

0.8937 mPa·s at 25 °C

| 0.3799 mPa·s at 75 °C

0.8007 mPa·s at 30 °C

| 0.3635 mPa·s at 80 °C

0.7225 mPa·s at 35 °C

| 0.3355 mPa·s at 85 °C

0.6560 mPa·s at 40 °C

| 0.3165 mPa·s at 90 °C

0.5988 mPa·s at 45 °C

| 0.2994 mPa·s at 95 °C

| 0.2838 mPa·s at 100 °C

{{chembox header}}|Surface tension{{sfn|Dean|Lange|1999|p=1663}}

75.64 dyn/cm at 0 °C

| 69.56 dyn/cm at 40 °C

74.92 dyn/cm at 5 °C

| 68.74 dyn/cm at 45 °C

74.22 dyn/cm at 10 °C

| 67.91 dyn/cm at 50 °C

73.49 dyn/cm at 15 °C

| 66.18 dyn/cm at 60 °C

72.75 dyn/cm at 20 °C

| 64.42 dyn/cm at 70 °C

71.97 dyn/cm at 25 °C

| 62.61 dyn/cm at 80 °C

71.18 dyn/cm at 30 °C

| 60.75 dyn/cm at 90 °C

70.38 dyn/cm at 35 °C

| 58.85 dyn/cm at 100 °C

Temperature, °C	Conductivity, μS/m
class="wikitable" \|+ Electrical conductivity of highly purified water at saturation pressure[http://www.iapws.org/relguide/TransD2O-2007.pdf Revised Release on Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity of Heavy Water Substance], The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam Lucerne, Switzerland, August 2007.
0.01	1.15
25	5.50
100	76.5
200	299
300	241

Water/steam equilibrium properties

Vapor pressure formula for steam in equilibrium with liquid water:{{sfn|Dean|Lange|1999|p=1436}}

: $\log_{10} P = A - \frac{B}{T - C},$

where P is equilibrium vapor pressure in kPa, and T is temperature in kelvins.

For T = 273 K to 333 K: A = 7.2326; B = 1750.286; C = 38.1.

For T = 333 K to 423 K: A = 7.0917; B = 1668.21; C = 45.1.

border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;"

! {{chembox header}} align="center" colspan="6"| Steam table{{sfn|Dean|Lange|1999|p=1476}}

bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|Temperature
(°C)

| bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|Pressure
(kPa)

| bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|H of liquid
(J/g)

| bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|Δ_vapH
(J/g)

| bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|W_vap
(J/g)

| bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|ρ of vapor
(kg/m³)

| 0.612

| 0.00

| 2496.5

| 126.0

| 0.004855

| 1.227

| 42.0

| 2473.5

| 130.5

| 0.009498

| 2.336

| 83.8

| 2450.9

| 135.1

| 0.01728

| 4.242

| 125.6

| 2427.9

| 139.7

| 0.03037

| 7.370

| 167.2

| 2404.9

| 144.2

| 0.05107

| 12.33

| 209.0

| 2381.4

| 148.7

| 0.08275

| 19.90

| 250.8

| 2357.6

| 153.0

| 0.1300

| 31.15

| 292.7

| 2332.9

| 157.3

| 0.1979

| 46.12

| 334.6

| 2307.7

| 161.5

| 0.2930

| 70.10

| 376.6

| 2282.6

| 165.5

| 0.4232

100

| 101.32

| 419.0

| 2256.3

| 169.4

| 0.5974

110

| 143.27

| 460.8

| 2229.5

| 173.1

| 0.8264

120

| 198.50

| 503.2

| 2201.4

| 176.7

| 1.121

130

| 270.13

| 545.8

| 2172.5

| 180.2

| 1.497

140

| 361.4

| 588.5

| 2142.8

| 183.2

| 1.967

150

| 476.0

| 631.5

| 2111.8

| 186.1

| 2.548

160

| 618.1

| 674.7

| 2080.0

| 188.7

| 3.263

170

| 792.0

| 718.5

| 2047.0

| 190.6

| 4.023

180

| 1002.7

| 762.5

| 2012.2

| 192.8

| 5.165

190

| 1254.9

| 807.0

| 1975.8

| 194.5

| 6.402

200

| 1554.3

| 851.9

| 1937.3

| 195.6

| 7.868

210

| 1907.9

| 897.5

| 1897.5

| 196.3

| 9.606

221.1

| 2369.8

| 948.5

| 1850.2

| 196.6

| 11.88

229.4

| 2769.6

| 987.9

| 1812.5

| 196.2

| 13.87

240.6

| 3381.1

| 1040.6

| 1759.4

| 195.1

| 16.96

248.9

| 3904.1

| 1080.3

| 1715.8

| 193.7

| 19.66

260.0

| 4695.9

| 1134.8

| 1653.9

| 190.8

| 23.84

271.1

| 5603.4

| 1195.9

| 1586.5

| 186.9

| 28.83

279.4

| 6366.5

| 1240.7

| 1532.5

| 183.3

| 33.18

290.6

| 7506.2

| 1302.3

| 1456.3

| 177.4

| 39.95

298.9

| 8463.9

| 1350.0

| 1394.8

| 172.2

| 45.93

310.0

| 9878.0

| 1415.7

| 1307.7

| 164.2

| 55.25

321.1

| 11461

| 1483.9

| 1212.7

| 154.5

| 66.58

329.4

| 12785

| 1537.9

| 1133.2

| 145.6

| 76.92

340.6

| 14727

| 1617.9

| 1007.6

| 130.9

| 94.25

348.9

| 16331

| 1687.0

| 892.0

| 117.0

| 111.5

360.0

| 18682

| 1797.0

| 694.0

| 91.0

| 145.3

371.1

| 21349

| 1968.3

| 365.0

| 47.0

| 214.5

374.4

| 22242

| 2151.2

| 0

| 306.8

bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|Temperature
(°C)

| bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|Pressure
(kPa)

| bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|H of liquid
(J/g)

| bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|Δ_vapH
(J/g)

| bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|W_vap
(J/g)

| bgcolor="E0E0E0" align="center"|ρ of vapor
(kg/m³)

Data in the table above is given for water–steam equilibria at various temperatures over the entire temperature range at which liquid water can exist. Pressure of the equilibrium is given in the second column in kPa. The third column is the heat content of each gram of the liquid phase relative to water at 0 °C. The fourth column is the heat of vaporization of each gram of liquid that changes to vapor. The fifth column is the work PΔV done by each gram of liquid that changes to vapor. The sixth column is the density of the vapor.

Melting point of ice at various pressures

Data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed., p. 2390.

border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;"
{{chembox header}} \| Pressure kPa	Temp. °C
101.325	0.0
32950	−2.5
60311	−5.0
87279	−7.5
113267	−10.0
138274	−12.5
159358	−15.0
179952	−17.5
200251	−20.0
215746	−22.1

Table of various forms of ice

Ice form	Density g/cm³	Crystal structure
border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;" ! align="center" bgcolor="F8EABA" colspan="6"\|Properties of various forms of ice{{cite web\|url=https://water.lsbu.ac.uk/water/water_phase_diagram.html\|title=Water Phase Diagram\|publisher=London South Bank University\|author=Martin Chaplin\|access-date=2022-05-27}}
rowspan=3\|I_h \| rowspan=3\|0.92 \| rowspan=3\|hexagonal \| Lq, Vap, I_h \|\| 0.01 \|\| 0.000612
Lq, I_h, III	−22.0	207.5
I_h, II, III	−34.7	212.9
rowspan=1\|I_c \| rowspan=1\|0.92 \| rowspan=1\|cubic \| \|\| \|\|
rowspan=3\|II \| rowspan=3\|1.17 \| rowspan=3 \|rhombohedral \| I_h, II, III \|\| −34.7 \|\| 212.9
II, III, V	−24.3	344.3
II, V, VI	−55 (est)	620
rowspan=4\|III \| rowspan=4\|1.14 \| rowspan=4\|tetragonal \| Lq, I_h, III \|\| −22.0 \|\| 207.5
Lq, III, V	−17	346.3
I_h, II, III	−34.7	212.9
II, III, V	−24.3	344.3
rowspan=1\|IV \| rowspan=1\|1.27 \| rowspan=1\|rhombohedral \| \|\| \|\|
rowspan=4\|V \| rowspan=4\|1.23 \| rowspan=4\|monoclinic \| Lq, III, V \|\| −17 \|\| 346.3
Lq, V, VI	0.16	625.9
II, III, V	−24.3	344.3
II, V, VI	−55 (est)	620
rowspan=4\|VI \| rowspan=4\|1.31 \| rowspan=4\|tetragonal \| Lq, V, VI \|\| 0.16 \|\| 625.9
Lq, VI, VII	81.6	2200
II, V, VI	−55 (est)	620
VI, VII, VIII	≈5	2100
rowspan=3\|VII \| rowspan=3\|1.50 \| rowspan=3\|cubic \| Lq, VI, VII \|\| 81.6 \|\| 2200
VI, VII, VIII	≈5	2100
VII, VIII, X	−173	62000
rowspan=2\|VIII \| rowspan=2\|1.46 \| rowspan=2\|tetragonal \| VI, VII, VIII \|\| ≈5 \|\| 2100
VII, VIII, X	−173	62000
rowspan=1\|IX \| rowspan=1\|1.16 \| rowspan=1\|tetragonal \| \|\| \|\|
rowspan=1\|X \| rowspan=1\|2.46 \| rowspan=1\|cubic \| VII, VIII, X \|\| −173 \|\| 62000
rowspan=1\|XI^‡ \| rowspan=1\|0.92 \| rowspan=1\|orthorhombic \| Vap, I_h, XI \|\| −201.5 \|\| 0 (expected)
rowspan=1\|XII \| rowspan=1\|1.29 \| rowspan=1\|tetragonal \| \|\| \|\|
rowspan=1\|XIII \| rowspan=1\|1.23 \| rowspan=1\|monoclinic \| \|\| \|\|
rowspan=1\|XIV \| rowspan=1\|1.29 \| rowspan=1\|orthorhombic \| \|\| \|\|

^‡Ice XI triple point is theoretical and has never been obtained

Phase diagram

File:Phase diagram of water.svg pressure–temperature phase diagram of water. The Roman numerals indicate various ice phases.]]

Water with dissolved NaCl

File:WatNaCl.png

NaCl, wt%	T_eq, °C	ρ, g/cm³	n	η, mPa·s
class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" \|+ Properties of water–NaCl mixtures {{RubberBible86th\|pages=8–71, 8–116}}
0	0	0.99984	1.333	1.002
0.5	−0.3	1.0018	1.3339	1.011
1	−0.59	1.0053	1.3347	1.02
2	−1.19	1.0125	1.3365	1.036
3	−1.79	1.0196	1.3383	1.052
4	−2.41	1.0268	1.34	1.068
5	−3.05	1.034	1.3418	1.085
6	−3.7	1.0413	1.3435	1.104
7	−4.38	1.0486	1.3453	1.124
8	−5.08	1.0559	1.347	1.145
9	−5.81	1.0633	1.3488	1.168
10	−6.56	1.0707	1.3505	1.193
12	−8.18	1.0857	1.3541	1.25
14	−9.94	1.1008	1.3576	1.317
16	−11.89	1.1162	1.3612	1.388
18	−14.04	1.1319	1.3648	1.463
20	−16.46	1.1478	1.3684	1.557
22	−19.18	1.164	1.3721	1.676
23.3	−21.1
23.7	−17.3
24.9	−11.1
26.1	−2.7
26.28	0
26.32	10
26.41	20
26.45	25
26.52	30
26.67	40
26.84	50
27.03	60
27.25	70
27.5	80
27.78	90
28.05	100

Note: ρ is density, n is refractive index at 589 nm,{{clarify|date=May 2018}} and η is viscosity, all at 20 °C; T_eq is the equilibrium temperature between two phases: ice/liquid solution for T_eq < 0–0.1 °C and NaCl/liquid solution for T_eq above 0.1 °C.

Self-ionization

File:Temperature dependence water ionization.svg

border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: #FFFFFF; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;" ! {{chembox header}}\|°C \| −35	0	25	60	300 (~50 MPa)
{{chembox header}}\|pK_w{{cite web\|url=https://water.lsbu.ac.uk/water/water_dissociation.html\|title=Water ionization \|access-date=2022-05-27\|author=Martin Chaplin\|publisher=London South Bank University}} \| 17 \|\| 14.9 \|\| 14.0 \|\| 13.0 \|\| 12

border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: #FFFFFF; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;"

! {{chembox header}}|°C

| −35

300 (~50 MPa)

{{chembox header}}|pK_w{{cite web|url=https://water.lsbu.ac.uk/water/water_dissociation.html|title=Water ionization |access-date=2022-05-27|author=Martin Chaplin|publisher=London South Bank University}}

| 17 || 14.9 || 14.0 || 13.0 || 12

: $pK_w = -\log ( [\mathrm{H}^+] [\mathrm{OH}^-] )$

Spectral data

{{chembox header}}\|IR
border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: #FFFFFF; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;" ! {{chembox header}}\|UV-Vis
λ_max \| ? nm
Extinction coefficient, ε \| ?
Major absorption bands{{cite web\|url=https://water.lsbu.ac.uk/water/water_vibrational_spectrum.html\|title=Water Absorption Spectrum\|author=Martin Chaplin\|publisher=London South Bank University\|access-date=2022-05-27}} \| {\| \| vapor:	ν₁ = 3657.05,	ν₂ = 1594.75,	ν₃ = 3755.93	cm⁻¹
liquid:	ν₁ = 3280,	ν₂ = 1644,	ν₃ = 3490	cm⁻¹
hexagonal ice:	ν₁ = 3085,	ν₂ = 1650,	ν₃ = 3220	cm⁻¹

! {{chembox header}}|NMR

| Proton NMR

| 4.79 ppm in D₂O ; 1.56 ppm in CDCl₃ ; 0.40 ppm in C₆D₆ ; 4.87 in CD₃OD{{cite journal|last1=Fulmer|first1=Gregory R.|last2=Miller|first2=Alexander J. M.|last3=Sherden|first3=Nathaniel H.|last4=Gottlieb|first4=Hugo E.|last5=Nudelman|first5=Abraham|last6=Stoltz|first6=Brian M.|last7=Bercaw|first7=John E.|last8=Goldberg|first8=Karen I.|title=NMR Chemical Shifts of Trace Impurities: Common Laboratory Solvents, Organics, and Gases in Deuterated Solvents Relevant to the Organometallic Chemist|journal=Organometallics|volume=29|issue=9|year=2010|pages=2176–2179|issn=0276-7333|doi=10.1021/om100106e|url=https://authors.library.caltech.edu/18475/2/om100106e_si_001.pdf}}

| Carbon-13 NMR

| N/A

| Other NMR data

! {{chembox header}}|MS

| Masses of
main fragments

Self-diffusion coefficients

border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;"

{{chembox header}} colspan=11|Experimental self-diffusion coefficients at various temperatures{{Cite journal|last1=Holz|first1=Manfred|last2=Heil|first2=Stefan R.|last3=Sacco|first3=Antonio|date=2000|title=Temperature-dependent self-diffusion coefficients of water and six selected molecular liquids for calibration in accurate {{chem|1|H}} NMR PFG measurements|url=http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=b005319h|journal=Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics|language=en|volume=2|issue=20|pages=4740–4742|bibcode=2000PCCP....2.4740H|doi=10.1039/b005319h|issn=1463-9084}}

style="text-align: center" bgcolor="#E0E0E0"

|Temperature in {{formatnum:}}°C

|Coefficients in {{10^

9}} m²/s

|1.099

|1.138

|1.261

|1.303

|1.525

|1.765

|2.023

|2.299

|2.594

|2.907

|3.238

|3.588

|3.956

|4.423

|4.748

|5.615

|6.557

|7.574

100

|8.667

Additional data translated from German "Wasser (Stoffdaten)" page

The data that follows was copied and translated from the German language Wikipedia version of this page (which has moved to [http://de.wikibooks.org/wiki/Tabellensammlung_Chemie/_Stoffdaten_Wasser here]). It provides supplementary physical, thermodynamic, and vapor pressure data, some of which is redundant with data in the tables above, and some of which is additional.

=Physical and thermodynamic tables=

In the following tables, values are temperature-dependent and to a lesser degree pressure-dependent, and are arranged by state of aggregation (s = solid, lq = liquid, g = gas), which are clearly a function of temperature and pressure. All of the data were computed from data given in "Formulation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Ordinary Water Substance for Scientific and General Use" (IAPWS , 1984) (obsolete as of 1995).{{cite web |title=IAPWS |url=http://iapws.org/newform.html |website=Main IAPWS Thermodynamic Property Formulations |access-date=4 May 2023 |quote=In 1995, IAPWS approved a new formulation of the thermodynamic properties of water and steam for general and scientific use. This replaced the 1984 formulation of Haar, Gallagher and Kell, and now serves as the international standard for water's thermodynamic properties.}} This applies to:

T – temperature in degrees Celsius
V – specific volume in cubic decimeters per kilogram (1 dm³ is equivalent to 1 liter)
H – specific enthalpy in kilojoules per kilogram
U – specific internal energy in kilojoules per kilogram
S – specific entropy in kilojoules per kilogram-kelvin
c_p – specific heat capacity at constant pressure in kilojoules per kilogram-kelvin
γ – Thermal expansion coefficient as 10⁻³ per kelvin
λ – Heat conductivity in milliwatts per meter-kelvin
η – Viscosity in micropascal-seconds (1 cP = 1000 μPa·s)
σ – surface tension in millinewtons per meter (equivalent to dyn/cm)

==Standard conditions==

In the following table, material data are given for standard pressure of 0.1 MPa (equivalent to 1 bar). Up to 99.63 °C (the boiling point of water at 0.1 MPa), at this pressure water exists as a liquid. Above that, it exists as water vapor. Note that the boiling point of 100.0 °C is at a pressure of 0.101325 MPa (1 atm), which is the average atmospheric pressure.

border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;"
{{chembox header}} colspan=11\|Water/steam data table at standard pressure (0.1 MPa)
style="text-align: center" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" \| width="10%" colspan="2"\|T °C \| width="10%"\|V dm³/kg \| width="10%"\|H kJ/kg \| width="10%"\|U kJ/kg \| width="10%"\|S kJ/(kg·K) \| width="10%"\|c_p kJ/(kg·K) \| width="10%"\|γ 10⁻³/K \| width="10%"\|λ mW / (m·K) \| width="10%"\|η μPa·s \| width="10%"\|σ ^‡ mN/m
0 \| rowspan="15"\|lq	1.0002	0.06	−0.04	−0.0001	4.228	−0.080	561.0	1792	75.65
5	1.0000	21.1	21.0	0.076	4.200	0.011	570.6	1518	74.95
10	1.0003	42.1	42.0	0.151	4.188	0.087	580.0	1306	74.22
15	1.0009	63.0	62.9	0.224	4.184	0.152	589.4	1137	73.49
20	1.0018	83.9	83.8	0.296	4.183	0.209	598.4	1001	72.74
25	1.0029	104.8	104.7	0.367	4.183	0.259	607.2	890.4	71.98
30	1.0044	125.8	125.7	0.437	4.183	0.305	615.5	797.7	71.20
35	1.0060	146.7	146.6	0.505	4.183	0.347	623.3	719.6	70.41
40	1.0079	167.6	167.5	0.572	4.182	0.386	630.6	653.3	69.60
45	1.0099	188.5	188.4	0.638	4.182	0.423	637.3	596.3	68.78
50	1.0121	209.4	209.3	0.704	4.181	0.457	643.6	547.1	67.95
60	1.0171	251.2	251.1	0.831	4.183	0.522	654.4	466.6	66.24
70	1.0227	293.1	293.0	0.955	4.187	0.583	663.1	404.1	64.49
80	1.0290	335.0	334.9	1.075	4.194	0.640	670.0	354.5	62.68
90	1.0359	377.0	376.9	1.193	4.204	0.696	675.3	314.6	60.82
rowspan="2"\|99.63	lq	1.0431	417.5	417.4	1.303	4.217	0.748	679.0	283.0	58.99
g	1694.3	2675	2505	7.359	2.043	2.885	25.05	12.26	align="center"\|–
100 \| rowspan="6"\|g	1696.1	2675	2506	7.361	2.042	2.881	25.08	12.27	58.92
200	2172.3	2874	2657	7.833	1.975	2.100	33.28	16.18	37.68
300	2638.8	3073	2810	8.215	2.013	1.761	43.42	20.29	14.37
500	3565.5	3488	3131	8.834	2.135	1.297	66.970	28.57	align="center"\|–
750	4721.0	4043	3571	9.455	2.308	0.978	100.30	38.48	align="center"\|–
1000	5875.5	4642	4054	9.978	2.478	0.786	136.3	47.66	align="center"\|–
bgcolor="#ffebad" \| colspan="11" align="left"\|^‡ The values for surface tension for the liquid section of the table are for a liquid/air interface. Values for the gas section of the table are for a liquid/saturated steam interface.

==Triple point==

In the following table, material data are given with a pressure of 611.7 Pa (equivalent to 0.006117 bar). Up to a temperature of 0.01 °C, the triple point of water, water normally exists as ice, except for supercooled water, for which one data point is tabulated here. At the triple point, ice can exist together with both liquid water and vapor. At higher temperatures, the data are for water vapor only.

border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;"
{{chembox header}} colspan=10\|Water/steam data table at triple point pressure (0.0006117 MPa)
style="text-align: center" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" \| width="10%" colspan="2"\|T °C \| width="10%"\|V dm³/kg \| width="10%"\|H kJ/kg \| width="10%"\|U kJ/kg \| width="10%"\|S kJ/(kg·K) \| width="10%"\|c_p kJ/(kg·K) \| width="10%"\|γ 10⁻³/K \| width="10%"\|λ mW / (m·K) \| width="10%"\|η μPa·s
0 \| lq	1.0002	−0.04	−0.04	−0.0002	4.339	−0.081	561.0	1792
rowspan="3"\|0.01	s	1.0908	−333.4	−333.4	−1.221	1.93	0.1	2180	align="center"\|–
lq	1.0002	0.0	0	0	4.229	−0.080	561.0	1791
g	205986	2500	2374	9.154	1.868	3.672	17.07	9.22
5 \| rowspan="20"\|g	209913	2509	2381	9.188	1.867	3.605	17.33	9.34
10	213695	2519	2388	9.222	1.867	3.540	17.60	9.46
15	217477	2528	2395	9.254	1.868	3.478	17.88	9.59
20	221258	2537	2402	9.286	1.868	3.417	18.17	9.73
25	225039	2547	2409	9.318	1.869	3.359	18.47	9.87
30	228819	2556	2416	9.349	1.869	3.304	18.78	10.02
35	232598	2565	2423	9.380	1.870	3.249	19.10	10.17
40	236377	2575	2430	9.410	1.871	3.197	19.43	10.32
45	240155	2584	2437	9.439	1.872	3.147	19.77	10.47
50	243933	2593	2444	9.469	1.874	3.098	20.11	10.63
60	251489	2612	2459	9.526	1.876	3.004	20.82	10.96
70	259043	2631	2473	9.581	1.880	2.916	21.56	11.29
80	266597	2650	2487	9.635	1.883	2.833	22.31	11.64
90	274150	2669	2501	9.688	1.887	2.755	23.10	11.99
100	281703	2688	2515	9.739	1.891	2.681	23.90	12.53
200	357216	2879	2661	10.194	1.940	2.114	32.89	16.21
300	432721	3076	2811	10.571	2.000	1.745	43.26	20.30
500	583725	3489	3132	11.188	2.131	1.293	66.90	28.57
750	772477	4043	3571	11.808	2.307	0.977	100.20	38.47
1000	961227	4642	4054	12.331	2.478	0.785	136.30	47.66

=Saturated vapor pressure=

The following table is based on different, complementary sources and approximation formulas, whose values are of various quality and accuracy. The values in the temperature range of −100 °C to 100 °C were inferred from D. Sunday (1982) and are quite uniform and exact. The values in the temperature range of the boiling point of water up to the critical point (100 °C to 374 °C) are drawn from different sources and are substantially less accurate; hence they should be used only as approximate values.{{cite journal|doi=10.1126/science.191.4233.1261|title=Vapor Pressure of Water at Its Triple Point: Highly Accurate Value|year=1976|last1=Guildner|first1=L. A.|last2=Johnson|first2=D. P.|last3=Jones|first3=F. E.|journal=Science|volume=191|pages=1261|pmid=17737716|issue=4233|bibcode=1976Sci...191.1261G|s2cid=37399612}}Klaus Scheffler (1981): Wasserdampftafeln: thermodynam. Eigenschaften von Wasser u. Wasserdampf bis 800°C u. 800 bar (Water Vapor Tables: Thermodynamic Characteristics of Water and Water Vapor to 800°C and 800 bar), Berlin [u.a.] {{ISBN|3-540-10930-7}}D. Sonntag und D. Heinze (1982): Sättigungsdampfdruck- und Sättigungsdampfdichtetafeln für Wasser und Eis. (Saturated Vapor Pressure and Saturated Vapor Density Tables for Water and Ice)(1. Aufl.), VEB Deutscher Verlag für GrundstoffindustrieUlrich Grigull, Johannes Staub, Peter Schiebener (1990): Steam Tables in SI-Units – Wasserdampftafeln. Springer-Verlagdima gmbh

To use the values correctly, consider the following points:

The values apply only to smooth interfaces and in the absence other gases or gas mixtures such as air. Hence they apply only to pure phases and need a correction factor for systems in which air is present.
The values were not computed according formulas widely used in the US, but using somewhat more exact formulas (see below), which can also be used to compute further values in the appropriate temperature ranges.
The saturated vapor pressure over water in the temperature range of −100 °C to −50 °C is only extrapolated [Translator's note: Supercooled liquid water is not known to exist below −42 °C].
The values have various units (Pa, hPa or bar), which must be considered when reading them.

==Formulas==

The table values for −100 °C to 100 °C were computed by the following formulas, where T is in kelvins and vapor pressures, P_w and P_i, are in pascals.

Over liquid water

:log_e(P_w) = −6094.4642 T⁻¹ + 21.1249952 − 2.724552×10⁻² T + 1.6853396×10⁻⁵ T² + 2.4575506 log_e(T)

For temperature range: 173.15 K to 373.15 K or equivalently −100 °C to 100 °C

Over ice

:log_e(P_i) = −5504.4088 T⁻¹ − 3.5704628 − 1.7337458×10⁻² T + 6.5204209×10⁻⁶ T² + 6.1295027 log_e(T)

For temperature range: 173.15 K to 273.15 K or equivalently −100 °C to 0 °C

At triple point

An important basic value, which is not registered in the table, is the saturated vapor pressure at the triple point of water. The internationally accepted value according to measurements of Guildner, Johnson and Jones (1976) amounts to:

:P_w(t_tp = 0.01 °C) = 611.657 Pa ± 0.010 Pa at (1 − α) = 99%

border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="6" style="margin: 0 0 0 0.5em; background: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-color: #C0C090;"

! {{chembox header}} colspan="15"|Values of saturated vapor pressure of water

style="text-align: center" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"

| width="8%"|Temp.
T in °C

| width="8%"|P_i(T) over ice
in Pa

| width="8%"|P_w(T) over water
in Pa

| width="10px" rowspan="103" |

| width="8%"|Temp.
T in °C

| width="8%"|P_w(T) over water
in hPa

| width="10px" rowspan="103" |

| width="8%"|Temp.
T in °C

| width="8%"|P(T)
in bar

| width="10px" rowspan="103" |

| width="8%"|Temp.
T in °C

| width="8%"|P(T)
in bar

| width="10px" rowspan="103" |

| width="8%"|Temp.
T in °C

| width="8%"|P(T)
in bar

−100

|0.0013957

|0.0036309

|6.11213

|100

|1.01

|200

|15.55

|300

|85.88

−99

|0.0017094

|0.0044121

|6.57069

|101

|1.05

|201

|15.88

|301

|87.09

−98

|0.0020889

|0.0053487

|7.05949

|102

|1.09

|202

|16.21

|302

|88.32

−97

|0.0025470

|0.0064692

|7.58023

|103

|1.13

|203

|16.55

|303

|89.57

−96

|0.0030987

|0.0078067

|8.13467

|104

|1.17

|204

|16.89

|304

|90.82

−95

|0.0037617

|0.0093996

|8.72469

|105

|1.21

|205

|17.24

|305

|92.09

−94

|0.0045569

|0.011293

|9.35222

|106

|1.25

|206

|17.60

|306

|93.38

−93

|0.0055087

|0.013538

|10.0193

|107

|1.30

|207

|17.96

|307

|94.67

−92

|0.0066455

|0.016195

|10.7280

|108

|1.34

|208

|18.32

|308

|95.98

−91

|0.0080008

|0.019333

|11.4806

|109

|1.39

|209

|18.70

|309

|97.31

−90

|0.0096132

|0.023031

|10

|12.2794

|110

|1.43

|210

|19.07

|310

|98.65

−89

|0.011528

|0.027381

|11

|13.1267

|111

|1.48

|211

|19.46

|311

|100.00

−88

|0.013797

|0.032489

|12

|14.0251

|112

|1.53

|212

|19.85

|312

|101.37

−87

|0.016482

|0.038474

|13

|14.9772

|113

|1.58

|213

|20.25

|313

|102.75

−86

|0.019653

|0.045473

|14

|15.9856

|114

|1.64

|214

|20.65

|314

|104.15

−85

|0.02339

|0.053645

|15

|17.0532

|115

|1.69

|215

|21.06

|315

|105.56

−84

|0.027788

|0.063166

|16

|18.1829

|116

|1.75

|216

|21.47

|316

|106.98

−83

|0.032954

|0.074241

|17

|19.3778

|117

|1.81

|217

|21.89

|317

|108.43

−82

|0.039011

|0.087101

|18

|20.6409

|118

|1.86

|218

|22.32

|318

|109.88

−81

|0.046102

|0.10201

|19

|21.9757

|119

|1.93

|219

|22.75

|319

|111.35

−80

|0.054388

|0.11925

|20

|23.3854

|120

|1.99

|220

|23.19

|320

|112.84

−79

|0.064057

|0.13918

|21

|24.8737

|121

|2.05

|221

|23.64

|321

|114.34

−78

|0.075320

|0.16215

|22

|26.4442

|122

|2.12

|222

|24.09

|322

|115.86

−77

|0.088419

|0.18860

|23

|28.1006

|123

|2.18

|223

|24.55

|323

|117.39

−76

|0.10363

|0.21901

|24

|29.8470

|124

|2.25

|224

|25.02

|324

|118.94

−75

|0.12127

|0.25391

|25

|31.6874

|125

|2.32

|225

|25.49

|325

|120.51

−74

|0.14168

|0.29390

|26

|33.6260

|126

|2.40

|226

|25.98

|326

|122.09

−73

|0.16528

|0.33966

|27

|35.6671

|127

|2.47

|227

|26.46

|327

|123.68

−72

|0.19252

|0.39193

|28

|37.8154

|128

|2.55

|228

|26.96

|328

|125.30

−71

|0.22391

|0.45156

|29

|40.0754

|129

|2.62

|229

|27.46

|329

|126.93

−70

|0.26004

|0.51948

|30

|42.4520

|130

|2.70

|230

|27.97

|330

|128.58

−69

|0.30156

|0.59672

|31

|44.9502

|131

|2.78

|231

|28.48

|331

|130.24

−68

|0.34921

|0.68446

|32

|47.5752

|132

|2.87

|232

|29.01

|332

|131.92

−67

|0.40383

|0.78397

|33

|50.3322

|133

|2.95

|233

|29.54

|333

|133.62

−66

|0.46633

|0.89668

|34

|53.2267

|134

|3.04

|234

|30.08

|334

|135.33

−65

|0.53778

|1.0242

|35

|56.2645

|135

|3.13

|235

|30.62

|335

|137.07

−64

|0.61933

|1.1682

|36

|59.4513

|136

|3.22

|236

|31.18

|336

|138.82

−63

|0.71231

|1.3306

|37

|62.7933

|137

|3.32

|237

|31.74

|337

|140.59

−62

|0.81817

|1.5136

|38

|66.2956

|138

|3.42

|238

|32.31

|338

|142.37

−61

|0.93854

|1.7195

|39

|69.9675

|139

|3.51

|239

|32.88

|339

|144.18

−60

|1.0753

|1.9509

|40

|73.8127

|140

|3.62

|240

|33.47

|340

|146.00

−59

|1.2303

|2.2106

|41

|77.8319

|141

|3.72

|241

|34.06

|341

|147.84

−58

|1.4060

|2.5018

|42

|82.0536

|142

|3.82

|242

|34.66

|342

|149.71

−57

|1.6049

|2.8277

|43

|86.4633

|143

|3.93

|243

|35.27

|343

|151.58

−56

|1.8296

|3.1922

|44

|91.0757

|144

|4.04

|244

|35.88

|344

|153.48

−55

|2.0833

|3.5993

|45

|95.8984

|145

|4.16

|245

|36.51

|345

|155.40

−54

|2.3694

|4.0535

|46

|100.939

|146

|4.27

|246

|37.14

|346

|157.34

−53

|2.6917

|4.5597

|47

|106.206

|147

|4.39

|247

|37.78

|347

|159.30

−52

|3.0542

|5.1231

|48

|111.708

|148

|4.51

|248

|38.43

|348

|161.28

−51

|3.4618

|5.7496

|49

|117.452

|149

|4.64

|249

|39.09

|349

|163.27

−50

|3.9193

|6.4454

|50

|123.4478

|150

|4.76

|250

|39.76

|350

|165.29

−49

|4.4324

|7.2174

|51

|129.7042

|151

|4.89

|251

|40.44

|351

|167.33

−48

|5.0073

|8.0729

|52

|136.2304

|152

|5.02

|252

|41.12

|352

|169.39

−47

|5.6506

|9.0201

|53

|143.0357

|153

|5.16

|253

|41.81

|353

|171.47

−46

|6.3699

|10.068

|54

|150.1298

|154

|5.29

|254

|42.52

|354

|173.58

−45

|7.1732

|11.225

|55

|157.5226

|155

|5.43

|255

|43.23

|355

|175.70

−44

|8.0695

|12.503

|56

|165.2243

|156

|5.58

|256

|43.95

|356

|177.85

−43

|9.0685

|13.911

|57

|173.2451

|157

|5.72

|257

|44.68

|357

|180.02

−42

|10.181

|15.463

|58

|181.5959

|158

|5.87

|258

|45.42

|358

|182.21

−41

|11.419

|17.170

|59

|190.2874

|159

|6.03

|259

|46.16

|359

|184.43

−40

|12.794

|19.048

|60

|199.3309

|160

|6.18

|260

|46.92

|360

|186.66

−39

|14.321

|21.110

|61

|208.7378

|161

|6.34

|261

|47.69

|361

|188.93

−38

|16.016

|23.372

|62

|218.5198

|162

|6.50

|262

|48.46

|362

|191.21

−37

|17.893

|25.853

|63

|228.6888

|163

|6.67

|263

|49.25

|363

|193.52

−36

|19.973

|28.570

|64

|239.2572

|164

|6.84

|264

|50.05

|364

|195.86

−35

|22.273

|31.544

|65

|250.2373

|165

|7.01

|265

|50.85

|365

|198.22

−34

|24.816

|34.795

|66

|261.6421

|166

|7.18

|266

|51.67

|366

|200.61

−33

|27.624

|38.347

|67

|273.4845

|167

|7.36

|267

|52.49

|367

|203.02

−32

|30.723

|42.225

|68

|285.7781

|168

|7.55

|268

|53.33

|368

|205.47

−31

|34.140

|46.453

|69

|298.5363

|169

|7.73

|269

|54.17

|369

|207.93

−30

|37.903

|51.060

|70

|311.7731

|170

|7.92

|270

|55.03

|370

|210.43

−29

|42.046

|56.077

|71

|325.5029

|171

|8.11

|271

|55.89

|371

|212.96

−28

|46.601

|61.534

|72

|339.7401

|172

|8.31

|272

|56.77

|372

|215.53

−27

|51.607

|67.466

|73

|354.4995

|173

|8.51

|273

|57.66

|373

|218.13

−26

|57.104

|73.909

|74

|369.7963

|174

|8.72

|274

|58.56

|374

|220.64

−25

|63.134

|80.902

|75

|385.6459

|175

|8.92

|275

|59.46

|374.15

|221.20

−24

|69.745

|88.485

|76

|402.0641

|176

|9.14

|276

|60.38

−23

|76.987

|96.701

|77

|419.0669

|177

|9.35

|277

|61.31

−22

|84.914

|105.60

|78

|436.6708

|178

|9.57

|278

|62.25

−21

|93.584

|115.22

|79

|454.8923

|179

|9.80

|279

|63.20

−20

|103.06

|125.63

|80

|473.7485

|180

|10.03

|280

|64.17

−19

|113.41

|136.88

|81

|493.2567

|181

|10.26

|281

|65.14

−18

|124.70

|149.01

|82

|513.4345

|182

|10.50

|282

|66.12

−17

|137.02

|162.11

|83

|534.3000

|183

|10.74

|283

|67.12

−16

|150.44

|176.23

|84

|555.8714

|184

|10.98

|284

|68.13

−15

|165.06

|191.44

|85

|578.1673

|185

|11.23

|285

|69.15

−14

|180.97

|207.81

|86

|601.2068

|186

|11.49

|286

|70.18

−13

|198.27

|225.43

|87

|625.0090

|187

|11.75

|287

|71.22

−12

|217.07

|244.37

|88

|649.5936

|188

|12.01

|288

|72.27

−11

|237.49

|264.72

|89

|674.9806

|189

|12.28

|289

|73.34

−10

|259.66

|286.57

|90

|701.1904

|190

|12.55

|290

|74.42

−9

|283.69

|310.02

|91

|728.2434

|191

|12.83

|291

|75.51

−8

|309.75

|335.16

|92

|756.1608

|192

|13.11

|292

|76.61

−7

|337.97

|362.10

|93

|784.9639

|193

|13.40

|293

|77.72

−6

|368.52

|390.95

|94

|814.6743

|194

|13.69

|294

|78.85

−5

|401.58

|421.84

|95

|845.3141

|195

|13.99

|295

|79.99

−4

|437.31

|454.88

|96

|876.9057

|196

|14.29

|296

|81.14

−3

|475.92

|490.19

|97

|909.4718

|197

|14.60

|297

|82.31

−2

|517.62

|527.93

|98

|943.0355

|198

|14.91

|298

|83.48

−1

|562.62

|568.22

|99

|977.6203

|199

|15.22

|299

|84.67

|611.153

|611.213

|100

|1013.25

|200

|15.55

|300

|85.88

style="text-align: center" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"

| width="9%"|Temp.
T in °C

| width="9%"|P_i(T) over ice
in Pa

| width="9%"|P_w(T) over water
in Pa

| width="9%"|Temp.
T in °C

| width="9%"|P_w(T) over water
in hPa

| width="9%"|Temp.
T in °C

| width="9%"|P(T)
in bar

| width="9%"|Temp.
T in °C

| width="9%"|P(T)
in bar

| width="9%"|Temp.
T in °C

| width="9%"|P(T)
in bar

Magnetic susceptibility

Accepted standardized value of the magnetic susceptibility of water at 20 °C (room temperature) is −12.97 cm³/mol.{{Cite book|title=CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 64th edition|last=Weast|first=Robert|publisher=CRC publishing|year=1983–1984|isbn=0-8493-0464-4|location=Boca Raton, Florida|pages=E-119}}

Accepted standardized value of the magnetic susceptibility of water at 20 °C (room temperature) is −0.702 cm³/g.

class="wikitable" \|+ Magnetic susceptibility of water at different temperatures
Isotopolog, state !Temperature in K !Magnetic susceptibiliy in cm³/mol
H₂O_(g) \|>373 \| −13.1
H₂O_(l) \|373 \| −13.09
H₂O_(l) \|293 \| −12.97
H₂O_(l) \|273 \| −12.93
H₂O_(s) \|273 \| −12.65
H₂O_(s) \|223 \| −12.31
DHO_(l) \|302 \| −12.97
D₂O_(l) \|293 \| −12.76
D₂O_(l) \|276.8 \| −12.66
D₂O_(s) \|276.8 \| −12.54
D₂O_(s) \|213 \| −12.41

class="wikitable"

|+ Magnetic susceptibility of water at different temperatures

Isotopolog,
state

!Temperature
in K

!Magnetic susceptibiliy
in cm³/mol

H₂O_(g)

|>373

| −13.1

H₂O_(l)

|373

| −13.09

H₂O_(l)

|293

| −12.97

H₂O_(l)

|273

| −12.93

H₂O_(s)

|273

| −12.65

H₂O_(s)

|223

| −12.31

DHO_(l)

|302

| −12.97

D₂O_(l)

|293

| −12.76

D₂O_(l)

|276.8

| −12.66

D₂O_(s)

|276.8

| −12.54

D₂O_(s)

|213

| −12.41

References

Bibliography

{{cite book|last1=Dean|first1=John Aurie |last2=Lange|first2=Norbert Adolph |title=Lange's Handbook of Chemistry|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=56KPMQEACAAJ|edition=15th|year=1999|publisher=McGraw-Hill|isbn=978-0-07-016384-3}}
{{cite book|last=Franks|first=Felix |title=The Physics and Physical Chemistry of Water|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5f_xBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA376|year=2012|publisher=Springer |isbn=978-1-4684-8334-5}}
{{nist}}
{{cite book|last=Lide|first=David R. |title=CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WDll8hA006AC&pg=SA6-15|edition=85th|year=2004|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-0-8493-0485-9}}

External links

[http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/MolSpec/trisearch.pl?molecule=H2O&xHst216O=1&lowerfreq=1&upperfreq=1000&units=GHz Microwave Spectrum (by NIST)]
[https://water.lsbu.ac.uk/water/water_properties.html Water properties] by Martin Chaplin, London South Bank University.

Category:Chemical data pages

Category:Chemical data pages cleanup

Category:Water chemistry

Water (data page)#Water with dissolved NaCl

Structure and properties

Thermodynamic properties

Liquid physical properties

Water/steam equilibrium properties

Melting point of ice at various pressures

Table of various forms of ice

Phase diagram

Water with dissolved NaCl

Self-ionization

Spectral data

Self-diffusion coefficients

Additional data translated from German "Wasser (Stoffdaten)" page

=Physical and thermodynamic tables=

==Standard conditions==

==Triple point==

=Saturated vapor pressure=

==Formulas==

Magnetic susceptibility

See also

References

Bibliography

External links