Waterloo tube station

{{Infobox London station|symbol=underground

|name = Waterloo

|image_name = Waterloo tube station, Northbound Northern line platform - geograph.org.uk - 715948.jpg

|caption = Northern line northbound platform at the station

|manager = London Underground

|owner = London Underground

|fare_zone = 1

|locale = Waterloo

|borough = London Borough of Lambeth

|original = Waterloo & City Railway

|years1 = {{start date|df=y|1898|8|8}}

|years2 = 10 March 1906

|years3 = 13 September 1926

|years4 = 20 November 1999

|events1 = W&CR opened station

|events2 = BS&WR started

|events3 = CCH&R started

|events4 = Jubilee line started

|platforms = 8

|coordinates = {{coord|51.5025|-0.1130|type:railwaystation_region:GB|display=inline,title}}

|map_type = Central London

| access = yes

| access_note = (Jubilee line and southbound Bakerloo line only){{citation step free tube map}}

| interchange = Waterloo {{rail-interchange|london|rail}}

| interchange1 = Waterloo East {{rail-interchange|london|rail}}

| interchange2 = London Eye Pier {{rail-interchange|london|river}}

| interchange_note = {{Citation London station interchange June 2020}}

}}

Waterloo ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|w|ɔː|t|ər|ˈ|l|uː}}) is a London Underground station in Waterloo, London. It is located beneath Waterloo National Rail station. As of {{tubeexits list|year}}, Waterloo is the {{tubeexits list rank| Waterloo tube station}} station on the London Underground, with {{tubeexits list|Waterloo tube station}} million users. It is served by four lines: Bakerloo, Jubilee, Northern and Waterloo & City.

File:Westbound Jubilee Line platform at Waterloo.jpg

The station is situated in fare zone 1 and is located near the South Bank of the River Thames, in the London Borough of Lambeth. It is within walking distance of the London Eye.

History

The first Underground Line at Waterloo was opened on 8 August 1898 by the Waterloo & City Railway (W&CR), a subsidiary of the owners of the main line station, the London and South Western Railway (L&SWR).{{cite book |last=Rose |first=Douglas |title=The London Underground, A Diagrammatic History |year=1999 |publisher=Douglas Rose/Capital Transport |isbn=1-85414-219-4 }} The W&CR, nicknamed "The Drain",{{cite book |last=Wolmar |first=Christian |author-link = Christian Wolmar |title = The Subterranean Railway: How the London Underground Was Built and How It Changed the City Forever |publisher = Atlantic Books |year=2004 |chapter=Deep Under London |page=146 |isbn=1-84354-023-1}} achieved in a limited way the L&SWR's original plan of taking its tracks the short distance north-east into the City of London.

On 10 March 1906, the Baker Street & Waterloo Railway (now the Bakerloo line) was opened. On 13 September 1926, the extension of the Hampstead & Highgate line (as the Charing Cross branch of the Northern line was then known) was opened from Embankment to the existing City and South London Railway station at Kennington with a new station at Waterloo.

As a subsidiary of the L&SWR and its successor, the Southern Railway, the W&CR was not a part of the London Underground system. Following nationalisation of the main line railway companies in 1948, it became part of British Railways (later British Rail).

In 1951, the Leslie Green designed York Road entrance of the Underground station was demolished{{Cite web|url=https://www.ltmuseum.co.uk/collections/collections-online/photographs/item/2000-20883?&apiurl=aHR0cHM6Ly9hcGkubHRtdXNldW0uY28udWsvYWxsP3Nob3J0PTEmc2tpcD0wJmxpbWl0PTQ4JnE9d2F0ZXJsb28reW9yaytyb2Fk&searchpage=Y29sbGVjdGlvbnMvY29sbGVjdGlvbnMtb25saW5lL3RoZS1jb2xsZWN0aW9uL3BhZ2UvMT8mcT13YXRlcmxvbyt5b3JrK3JvYWQ=|title=B/W print; Waterloo Underground station exterior, Bakerloo line, Jul 1907 - Dec 1907|website=London Transport Museum|access-date=2020-02-26}} and replaced by a new temporary entrance on the other side of the road, part of the Festival of Britain site.{{Cite web|url=https://www.ianvisits.co.uk/articles/waterloo-tube-station-reopens-its-southbank-entrance-31213/|title=Waterloo tube station reopens its Southbank entrance|website=www.ianvisits.co.uk|date=26 May 2019 |language=en-GB|access-date=2022-11-27}} As part of this work, the escalators were built this new entrance, replacing lifts.{{Cite web|url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/1866/schedules/made/data.htm|title=The Transport for London (Waterloo Station) Order 2005|website=www.legislation.gov.uk|language=en|access-date=2020-02-26}} This entrance also served the Waterloo Air Terminal.{{Cite journal |date=May 1961 |title=New Ticket Hall |journal=London Transport Magazine |volume=15 |issue=2 |page=15 |quote=New escalators and a ticket hall were opened at this site, on the north side of York Road, in 1951. They served the Festival of Britain and were an addition to the existing Underground station at Waterloo. Six years later these additional escalators were "mothballed "—closed and boxed in [...] London Transport architects have now completed plans for a new station entrance and ticket hall which will form part of the ground floor of the Shell building. Work on the project is due to start in September and should be completed by, the following summer.}}{{Cite web |date=2015-01-18 |title=The Waterloo Air Terminal |url=https://alondoninheritance.com/london-transport/the-waterloo-air-terminal/ |access-date=2020-02-26 |website=A London Inheritance |language=en-US}} In the early 1960s, a permanent entrance building was built, integrated into the Shell Centre complex.{{Cite book|last=Mitchell, R.|title=Jubilee line extension; From concept to completion|date=2009|publisher=Thomas Telford Ltd|isbn=978-0-7277-3813-4|oclc=608572718}}

In March 1965, a British Rail and London Transport joint planning committee published "A Railway Plan for London" that included a recommendation to revive a plan from the 1900s for an extension of the Piccadilly line's Aldwych branch to Waterloo.{{cite book | last=Horne | first=Mike | title=The Jubilee Line | year=2000 | publisher=Capital Transport | isbn=1-85414-220-8 |pages=31–33}}{{cite book | url=http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/documents/BRLT_RailwayPlanForLondon1965.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131073554/http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/documents/BRLT_RailwayPlanForLondon1965.pdf |archive-date=2012-01-31 |url-status=live | title=A Railway Plan for London | date=March 1965 | author=British Railways Board/London Transport Board | page=23 }} London Transport had already sought parliamentary approval to construct tunnels from Aldwych to Waterloo in November 1964,{{cite journal|date=3 December 1964 |title=Parliamentary Notices |journal=The Times |issue=56185 |page=2 |url=http://infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/322/785/116929157w16/purl=rc1_TTDA_0_CS33777539&dyn=17!xrn_1_0_CS33777539&hst_1 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120927174941/http://infotrac.galegroup.com/itw/infomark/322/785/116929157w16/purl%3Drc1_TTDA_0_CS33777539%26dyn%3D17%21xrn_1_0_CS33777539%26hst_1 |archive-date=27 September 2012 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }} and in August 1965, parliamentary powers were granted. Detailed planning took place, although public spending cuts led to postponement of the scheme in 1967 before tenders were invited.{{cite book | last=Connor | first=J.E. | title=London's Disused Underground Stations | year=2001 | orig-year=1999 | publisher=Capital Transport | isbn=1-85414-250-X | page=99}}

= 1990s refurbishment =

The Underground station was comprehensively refurbished in the early 1990s as part of the construction of Waterloo International station for international Eurostar services, with the Main Ticket hall underneath the railway concourse expanded and connected to the new International station.{{Cite web|url=https://www.diomedia.com/stock-photo-waterloo-underground-station-showing-maud-daley-longest-serving-member-of-staff-unveiling-a-plaque-to-open-the-ticket-hall-in-the-newly-refurbished-waterloo-underground-station-compulsory-cre-image17582704.html|title=STOCK IMAGE - WATERLOO UNDERGROUND STATION Showing MAUD DALEY, longest serving member of staff, unveiling a plaque to open the ticket hall in the newly refurbished Waterloo Underground Station. COMPULSORY CRE... by www.DIOMEDIA.com|website=Diomedia|access-date=2020-02-26}} The platforms were also decorated with artwork by Christopher Tipping on the theme of the nearby National Theatre, although these murals have since been removed.{{Cite web|url=https://www.ltmuseum.co.uk/collections/collections-online/posters/item/1995-366?&apiurl=aHR0cHM6Ly9hcGkubHRtdXNldW0uY28udWsvYWxsP3Nob3J0PTEmc2tpcD00OCZsaW1pdD00OCZxPXdhdGVybG9vK3N0YXRpb24mc29ydD1kYXRlJm9yZGVyPWRlc2MmZmllbGQ9U1RBUlREQVRF&searchpage=Y29sbGVjdGlvbnMvY29sbGVjdGlvbnMtb25saW5lL3RoZS1jb2xsZWN0aW9uL3BhZ2UvMj8mcT13YXRlcmxvbytzdGF0aW9uJnNvcnQ9ZGF0ZSZvcmRlcj1kZXNjJmZpZWxkPVNUQVJUREFURQ==|title=Poster; A change of scene under the National Theatre, unknown, 1988|website=London Transport Museum|access-date=2020-02-26}}

The Waterloo & City line was closed for 2 months in 1993 to be upgraded with new trains and the four rail electrical system of the London Underground.{{Cite web|url=https://www.davros.org/rail/culg/waterloo.html|title=CULG - Waterloo & City Line|website=www.davros.org|access-date=2020-02-26}} The ownership of the line was transferred from Network SouthEast to the Underground on 1 April 1994 as part of the privatisation of British Rail.{{cite web |url=http://www.davros.org/rail/culg/waterloo.html#dates |title=Waterloo & City line, Dates |work=Clive's Underground Line Guides |access-date=20 July 2008}} Due to an Easter shut-down, the first Underground service on the line was on 5 April 1994.

= Jubilee Line extension =

The Jubilee Line Extension was constructed in the 1990s to extend the Jubilee line from Green Park to Stratford, via the then new Canary Wharf development. Opening in September 1999, the new Jubilee line station was designed by in-house JLE Project Architects, overseen by Roland Paoletti.{{Cite book|last=Powell, Ken, 1947-|title=The Jubilee Line extension|date=2000|publisher=Laurence King|isbn=1-85669-184-5|location=London|oclc=42444848}}

The design of the station was complex, due to the distance between the existing Bakerloo and Northern lines and the extension - as well as the railway station located above. To connect the station together, a {{convert|115|m|ft|adj=on|abbr=}} moving walkway link was installed, one of only two on the Underground; the other gives access to the Waterloo & City line platform at Bank station.{{Cite web|url=https://www.davros.org/rail/culg/vertical.html|title=CULG - Vertical transport|website=www.davros.org|access-date=2020-02-26}} The colonnade on Waterloo Road underneath the taxi cab road of the station - originally used for goods deliveries and a bus stand - was also repurposed as the new Jubilee line ticket hall.

The station was temporarily the western terminus of the extension running from Stratford in east London, before the final section to link the extension to the original line was opened between Waterloo and Green Park on 20 November 1999.{{Cite web |date=15 November 1999 |title=The Final Section of the Extended Jubilee Line between Green Park and Waterloo Opens |url=http://www.londontransport.co.uk/underground/jle43a.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000303023502/http://www.londontransport.co.uk/underground/jle43a.htm |archive-date=3 March 2000 |access-date=18 March 2022 |website=London Transport}}

There is a westwards-facing crossover to the west of the Jubilee line platforms to enable trains from Stanmore to terminate and turn around head back west.{{Cite web |title=Detailled London transport map (track, depot, ...) |url=https://cartometro.com/cartes/metro-tram-london/ |access-date=2023-05-14 |website=cartometro.com}}

File:6.Haste Waterloo Elephant.jpg, located in the Jubilee Line Ticket Hall]]

A sculpture of an Elephant by artist Kendra Haste is located between the escalators in the Colonnade Ticket Hall. The sculpture was purchased by London Underground, having been originally commissioned in 2000 as part of its Platform for Art programme and set up at Gloucester Road tube station.{{Cite web|url=https://www.kendrahaste.co.uk/sculptures/detail/id/35|title=ELEPHANT|website=www.kendrahaste.co.uk|access-date=2020-02-26}}{{Cite web|url=https://londonist.com/2015/02/why-is-there-an-elephant-in-waterloo-station|title=Why Is There An Elephant In Waterloo Station?|date=2015-02-04|website=Londonist|language=en|access-date=2020-02-27}}

= Southbank Place =

As part of the redevelopment of the Shell Centre into "Southbank Place" by Canary Wharf Group and Qatari Diar, the existing York Road entrance was closed in 2015 to be completely rebuilt.{{Cite web|url=http://www.london-se1.co.uk/news/view/8510|title=Waterloo Tube Station's York Road entrance to shut for 3 years|date=20 October 2015|website=London SE1|language=en|access-date=2020-02-26}} The new, larger York Road entrance, which also included an additional escalator - reopened in May 2019.{{Cite web|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2019/may/south-bank-entrance-reopens-at-waterloo-underground-station|title=South Bank entrance reopens at Waterloo Underground station|date=21 May 2019|website=Transport for London|language=en|access-date=2020-02-26}}{{Cite web|url=http://www.london-se1.co.uk/news/view/9924|title=York Road entrance to Waterloo Tube reopens after 3.5 years|date=29 May 2019|website=London SE1|language=en|access-date=2020-02-26}}

Ticket halls

The station has 3 ticket halls and 5 main entrances. Additional entrances to the Underground station are available in peak hours via a subway underneath the railway station from station platforms.{{Cite web|url=https://www.ianvisits.co.uk/articles/3d-maps-of-every-underground-station-tuvw-14744/|title=3D maps of every Underground station – TUVW|website=www.ianvisits.co.uk|date=12 July 2015 |language=en-GB|access-date=2022-11-27}}{{Cite web|url=https://cdn.networkrail.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Waterloo-Station-Map.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227002831/https://cdn.networkrail.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Waterloo-Station-Map.pdf |archive-date=2020-02-27 |url-status=live|title=Waterloo Station Map|date=September 2019|website=Network Rail}}

Main Ticket Hall, located underneath the railway concourse.
Colonnade/Jubilee Line Ticket Hall, located at street level on Waterloo Road, underneath the cab road of the railway station. This ticket hall opened in 1999 as part of the Jubilee Line Extension.
York Road Ticket Hall, located at street level on York Road in the Southbank Place development, to the west of the railway station.

The three ticket halls are connected via escalators, passageways and the moving walkway to the four sets of platforms.

Elizabeth House

Elizabeth House, located directly adjacent to the mainline railway station, is being redeveloped by HB Reavis. As part of this redevelopment, a lift shaft will be constructed to provide step free access to the Northern line.{{Cite web|url=http://www.london-se1.co.uk/news/view/10027|title=Waterloo: latest scheme for Elizabeth House site approved|last=Hatts|first=James|date=16 October 2019|website=London SE1|language=en|access-date=2020-02-26}}{{Fix|text=Needs update}}

Connections

The station is served by London Buses daytime, express and night routes.

References

External links

[https://www.ltmuseum.co.uk/collections/collections-online/photographs London Transport Museum Photographic Archive]
{{LTM archive|2000-20883|Baker Street & Waterloo Railway York Road entrance, 1907}}
{{LTM archive|1998-81274|Bakerloo line platform, 1923}}
{{LTM archive|1998-56273|Concourse entrance, 1957}}
{{LTM archive|1998-89981|York Road entrance, 1962}}

{{Adjacent stations|system=London Underground

|line1=Bakerloo|left1=Embankment|right1=Lambeth North

|line2=Jubilee|left2=Westminster|right2=Southwark

|line3=Northern|left3=Embankment|right3=Kennington|type3=Charing Cross

|line4=Waterloo & City|right4=Bank|note-mid4=Mondays to Fridays only

|header5=Abandoned Plans

|left5=Aldwych|to-left5=Holborn|line5=Piccadilly|note-mid5=Proposed extension from Aldwych
(never constructed)

}}

{{navboxes|title=Waterloo tube station|list1=

}}

Category:Bakerloo line stations

Category:Northern line stations