Westerlund 1-243

{{Short description|Luminous blue variable star undergoing an eruptive phase in Westerlund 1}}

{{Sky|16|47|7.503|-|45|52|29.152}}

{{Starbox begin

| name = Westerlund 1-243

}}

{{Starbox image

|image=

{{Location mark

|image=Surprise Cloud Around Vast Star.jpg|alt=|float=center|width=300

|label=|position=right

|mark=Red circle.svg|mark_width=10

|x=452|y=433

}}

| caption=Westerlund 1 super star cluster. The location of Wd 1-243 is circled.

| credit=ESO

}}

{{Starbox observe

| epoch = J2000

| equinox = J2000

| constell = Ara

| ra = {{RA|16|47|7.5041}}

| dec = {{DEC|-45|52|29.123}}

| appmag_v = 15.807

}}

{{Starbox character

| class = A3Ia+

| appmag_1_passband = J

| appmag_1 = 6.407

| appmag_2_passband = H

| appmag_2 = 5.271

| appmag_3_passband = K

| appmag_3 = 4.632

}}

{{Starbox astrometry

| prop_mo_ra = −1.574

| prop_mo_dec = −4.036

| parallax = 0.0119

| p_error = 0.0812

| parallax_footnote =

| dist_ly = 13,400

| dist_pc = 4,120

}}

{{Starbox detail

| source =

| mass = 40

| radius = 376.9

| luminosity = 730,000

| gravity = ~0.65

| temperature = ~8,500

| rotational_velocity = 10

| age_myr = {{val|10.4|1.3|1.2}}

}}

{{Starbox catalog

| names = Westerlund 1 W 243, Westerlund 1 BKS G, 2MASS J16470749-4552290, Gaia DR3 5940105830990286208

}}

{{Starbox reference

| Simbad = Cl*+Westerlund+1+W+243}}

{{Starbox end}}

Westerlund 1-243 or Wd 1-243 is a luminous blue variable (LBV) star undergoing an eruptive phase located within the outskirts of the super star cluster Westerlund 1. Located about {{convert|13400|ly|pc|abbr=on}} from Earth, it has a luminosity of 0.73 million {{solar luminosity|link=y}} making it one of the most luminous stars known.

Observation

Westerlund 1-243 is the second brightest star in Westerlund 1, behind only Westerlund 1-4.

It is one of several different hypergiant stars in Westerlund 1. It may also have a companion star, possibly an O-type supergiant.

=Spectrum=

Westerlund 1-243 displays a complex, time-varying spectrum with emission lines of hydrogen, helium and Lyman-α pumped metals, forbidden lines of nitrogen and iron, and a large number of absorption lines from neutral and singly-ionized metals. Many lines are complex emission/absorption blends, with significant spectral evolution occurring on timescales of just a few days.

Properties

Westerlund 1-243 has a temperature of ~8,500 K determined from modelling the absorption line spectrum. It has expanded to a radius of {{solar radius|376.9|link=y}}, and a Rosseland radius of {{solar radius|450}}. It is radiating at a luminosity of {{solar luminosity|730,000}}. It is losing mass at a rate of {{solar mass|{{val|6.1|e=-7}}}}/yr.

=Evolution=

Westerlund 1-243 is believed to be either in an advanced pre-red supergiant LBV phase, or has evolved through the RSG phase and returned to the blue side of the HR diagram. In the future it is expected to evolve toward a WR phase. The K-band spectrum also implies a higher temperature than that of a typical yellow hypergiant and suggests that Westerlund 1-243 may be evolving back towards a hotter state.

References

{{reflist|refs=

{{cite journal |bibcode=2022A&A...660A..89R |title=A VLT/FLAMES survey for massive binaries in Westerlund 1. VIII. Binary systems and orbital parameters |last1=Ritchie |first1=B. W. |last2=Clark |first2=J. S. |last3=Negueruela |first3=I. |last4=Najarro |first4=F. |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics |year=2022 |volume=660 |pages=A89 |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/202142405 |arxiv=2111.12463 |s2cid=244866093 }}

{{Cite journal|last1=Lim|first1=Beomdu|last2=Chun|first2=Moo-Young|last3=Sung|first3=Hwankyung|last4=Park|first4=Byeong-Gon|last5=Lee|first5=Jae-Joon|last6=Sohn|first6=Sangmo T.|last7=Hur|first7=Hyeonoh|last8=Bessell|first8=Michael S.|date=February 2013|title=The Starburst Cluster Westerlund 1: The Initial Mass Function and Mass Segregation|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=145|issue=2|pages=46|arxiv=1211.5832|bibcode=2013AJ....145...46L|doi=10.1088/0004-6256/145/2/46|s2cid=56143904|issn=0004-6256}}

{{Cite journal|last1=Ritchie|first1=B. W.|last2=Clark|first2=J. S.|last3=Negueruela|first3=I.|last4=Najarro|first4=F.|date=December 2009|title=Spectroscopic monitoring of the luminous blue variable Westerlund 1-243 from 2002 to 2009|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=507|issue=3|pages=1597–1611|arxiv=0910.0529|bibcode=2009A&A...507.1597R|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200912986|s2cid=2004271|issn=0004-6361}}

{{cite journal |bibcode=2003yCat.2246....0C |title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003) |journal=CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues |pages=II/246 |volume=2246 |last1=Cutri |first1=Roc M. |last2=Skrutskie |first2=Michael F. |last3=Van Dyk |first3=Schuyler D. |last4=Beichman |first4=Charles A. |last5=Carpenter |first5=John M. |last6=Chester |first6=Thomas |last7=Cambresy |first7=Laurent |last8=Evans |first8=Tracey E. |last9=Fowler |first9=John W. |last10=Gizis |first10=John E. |last11=Howard |first11=Elizabeth V. |last12=Huchra |first12=John P. |last13=Jarrett |first13=Thomas H. |last14=Kopan |first14=Eugene L. |last15=Kirkpatrick |first15=J. Davy |last16=Light |first16=Robert M. |last17=Marsh |first17=Kenneth A. |last18=McCallon |first18=Howard L. |last19=Schneider |first19=Stephen E. |last20=Stiening |first20=Rae |last21=Sykes |first21=Matthew J. |last22=Weinberg |first22=Martin D. |last23=Wheaton |first23=William A. |last24=Wheelock |first24=Sherry L. |last25=Zacarias |first25=N. |year=2003 |url=http://vizier.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=II/246 }}

{{cite Gaia DR3|5940105830990286208}}

{{Cite journal|last1=Beasor|first1=Emma R.|last2=Davies|first2=Ben|last3=Smith|first3=Nathan|last4=Gehrz|first4=Robert D.|last5=Figer|first5=Donald F.|date=May 2021|title=The Age of Westerlund 1 Revisited|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=2103|issue=1|pages=arXiv:2103.02609|arxiv=2103.02609|bibcode=2021ApJ...912...16B|doi=10.3847/1538-4357/abec44|s2cid=232110879 |doi-access=free }}

{{Cite journal|last1=Clark|first1=J. S.|last2=Negueruela|first2=I.|date=January 2004|title=A newly identified Luminous Blue Variable in the galactic starburst cluster Westerlund 1|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=413|issue=2|pages=L15–L18|arxiv=astro-ph/0312058|bibcode=2004A&A...413L..15C|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20031700|s2cid=2033421|issn=0004-6361}}

}}

{{Stars of Ara}}

Category:Ara (constellation)

Category:Luminous blue variables

Category:A-type hypergiants