Whangaroa Harbour#Education
{{Short description|Bight in New Zealand}}
{{for|Whangaroa harbour in the Chatham Islands|Port Hutt}}
{{Use New Zealand English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
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|lon_dir=E | lon_deg=173 | lon_min=44
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Whangaroa Harbour ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|f|æ|ŋ|ər|oʊ|.|ə}}; {{IPA|mi|faŋaɾɔa}}), previously spelled Wangaroa Harbour, is an inlet on the northern coast of Northland, New Zealand. Whangaroa Bay and the Pacific Ocean are to the north. The small settlements of Totara North and Saies are on the west side of the harbour, Waitaruke on the south side, and Whangaroa on the east. State Highway 10 runs through Waitaruke.{{cite book|title=Reed New Zealand Atlas|year=2004|isbn=0-7900-0952-8|editor=Peter Dowling |publisher=Reed Books|pages=map 3}}{{cite book|title=The Geographic Atlas of New Zealand|year=2005|isbn=1-877333-20-4|author=Roger Smith, GeographX|publisher=Robbie Burton|pages=map 18}} The name comes from the lament "Whaingaroa" or "what a long wait" of a woman whose warrior husband had left for a foray to the south.{{cite book|title=Whangaroa|last=Sale|first=E. V.|isbn=0-473-00387-2|year=1986|pages=1–2}} The harbour was formed when rising sea levels drowned a river valley about 6,000 years ago. Steep outcrops remain from ancient volcanic rocks.{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/TheBush/Landscapes/LandscapesOverview/3/ENZ-Resources/Standard/2/en|title=Whangaroa Harbour|encyclopedia=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}}
There are extensive mangrove swamps at the head of the harbour,{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/Places/Northland/NorthlandPlaces/4/en|title=Whangaroa and district|encyclopedia=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}} and some of the oldest fossils in the North Island, dating to the Early Permian about 270 million years ago, are in the Whangaroa area.{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/EarthSeaAndSky/Geology/Fossils/2/en|title=Oldest fossils – Paleozoic|encyclopedia=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}}
History
According to Māori traditions, the waka Māhuhu-ki-te-rangi explored the Whangaroa harbour during early Māori settlement of New Zealand.{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/NewZealanders/MaoriNewZealanders/NgatiWhatua/1/en|title=Ngāti Whātua - Origins|encyclopedia=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}} The area was settled by descendants of Te Māmaru and Mataatua waka crews.{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/NewZealanders/MaoriNewZealanders/MuriwhenuaTribes/2/en|title=Ngāti Kurī, Ngāi Takoto, Te Pātū and Ngāti Kahu|encyclopedia=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}}
Whaling and other ships visited Whangaroa from 1805 to 1809, including the General Wellesley and Commerce in 1806, and Elizabeth in 1809. Sixty-six members of the crew of the Boyd were killed by local Māori in 1809 after the crew whipped the son of a chief. The visits ceased as a result, resuming when the Dromedary loaded timber in 1819.{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/W/WhangaroaHarbourDistrict/WhangaroaHarbourDistrict/en|title=Whangaroa Harbour District|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of New Zealand (1966)}} Southern right whales were severely depleted by the hunts and almost disappeared from the area, while dolphins and killer whales still visit the harbor more frequently.
A Wesleyan mission was founded in June 1823.{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/M/Missions/WesleyanMissionarySociety/en|title=Wesleyan Missionary Society|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of New Zealand (1966)}} Hongi Hika attacked local Māori to gain control of millable kauri on 10 January 1827. A party of his warriors, without his knowledge, ransacked the mission and it was abandoned.{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, March 1867|work= Wangaroa, New Zealand|accessdate=24 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1867_03/0| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |url-access=subscription }} In 1828 Hongi Hika died at Whangaroa, from a wound suffered 14 months earlier in the Hokianga.
Europeans settled the harbour in the 1840s, and a Catholic mission was established at Waitaruke. The harbour was a centre for timber milling and gum digging after the arrival of the immigrant ship Lancashire Witch in 1865. Shipyards were established in Totara North in 1872. Thomas Major Lane and William Brown started a yard at Kaeo in 1870 and moved it to Totara North in 1872. By 1887 they had built 26 ships.{{Cite web |date=11 June 1887 |title=Auckland shipbuilding trade. New Zealand Herald |url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH18870611.2.28 |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz}} The yard closed in 1905,{{Cite web |date=2013 |title=Lane & Brown Shipyard and Sawmill |url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/media/photo/lane-brown-shipyard-and-sawmill |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=nzhistory.govt.nz |language=en}} but some buildings remain.{{Cite web |date=February 2013 |title=49 Okura Bay Rd |url=https://www.google.com/maps/@-35.0404971,173.7239625,3a,75y,164.28h,78.08t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sh4P-ps8Fx_uHRm5iwDeViQ!2e0!7i13312!8i6656?entry=ttu |access-date=2024-03-28 |website=Google Maps |language=en}} Kauri logs were chained together to make rafts, and towed by steamer. It took three days for the logs to reach Auckland.{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.teara.govt.nz/TheBush/UsesOfTheBush/BushTramsAndOtherLogTransport/6/en|title=Moving kauri: dams and rafting|encyclopedia=Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand}} In the early 20th century Sea Sick Bay near the south head was a whaling station, which by the 1920s had moved to Ranfurly Bay, near the north head.
After the Mangamuka Gorge road was sealed in 1961 it became the main route from Whangarei to the Far North, bypassing Whangaroa.
Education
Te Kura o Hato Hohepa Te Kamura is a full primary (years 1-8) school in Waitaruke. It has a decile rating of 1 and a roll of 18.{{cite web|url=http://www.tki.org.nz/e/schools/display_school_info.php?school_id=1100|title=Te Kete Ipurangi - Te Kura o Hato Hohepa Te Kamura|publisher=Ministry of Education}}
Totara North School is a contributing primary (years 1-6) school with a decile rating of 3 and a roll of 39.{{cite web|url=http://www.tki.org.nz/e/schools/display_school_info.php?school_id=1116|title=Te Kete Ipurangi - Totara North School|publisher=Ministry of Education}}
Both schools are coeducational. Other schools in the area are at Oruaiti, Kaeo and Matauri Bay.
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Notes
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External links
{{Commons category}}
- [http://www.fndc.govt.nz/InfoCentre/communities_whangaroa.asp Far North District Council]
- [http://www.whangaroa.co.nz/Our_County.cfm Whangaroa community website]
- [http://www.doc.govt.nz/templates/PlaceProfile.aspx?id=34388 Department of Conservation]