White-throated robin
{{Short description|Species of bird}}
{{For|the American or African species known by this name|white-throated thrush|white-throated robin-chat}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = White-throated robin
| image= BessornisAlbigularisWolf, crop.jpg
| image_caption = female and male| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| parent_authority = de Filippi, 1863
| taxon = Irania gutturalis
| authority = (Guérin-Méneville, 1843)
| synonyms = * Bessornis albigularis
}}
The white-throated robin (Irania gutturalis), or irania, is a small, sexually dimorphic, migratory passerine bird.[https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=560607 ITIS.gov] The vernacular and genus name Irania alludes to Iran, its type locality, while the specific name gutturalis is Medieval Latin for "of the throat".{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A. | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | url= https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling | publisher=Christopher Helm | location = London, United Kingdom | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling/page/n182 182], 207 }} It breeds in western Asia and overwinters in East Africa.
Relationships
It was formerly classed as a member of the thrush family, Turdidae, but is now more generally considered to be an Old World flycatcher, family Muscicapidae. It, and similar passerine species, are often called chats.
Description
This species is larger than the European robin, having a length of {{convert|16|cm|in}} and a wingspan of {{convert|28|cm|in}}. The breeding male has lead-grey upperparts, a black face with a white throat and supercilium, and orange underparts. The tail is black, as is the strong bill. Females are plainer, mainly grey apart from a black tail, hints of orange on the flanks, and some white throat streaks.
Song
The male's song is a fast twittering, given from a bush or in flight. The call of this species is a chis-it double note, like that of the pied wagtail.
Food
Range and habitat
It is a migratory species, breeding from Turkey to Afghanistan in western Asia, and wintering in East Africa. In East Africa they are found in closed thicket in dry country, typically Acacia-Commiphora woodland on the dry central plateau. Small numbers reach the Usangu Plains of Ruaha National Park in Tanzania, which is normally their southern limit. In dry years however, some may move still further south, and reach moister uplands at 1,600 metres.Tanzania Bird Atlas, preliminary data It is also a very rare vagrant to Europe.
Breeding
The white-throated robin's breeding habitat is dry rocky slopes with some bushes, often at some altitude. It nests in a shrub, laying 4-5 eggs.
Media gallery
File:White-throated Robin.ogv|{{center|Video of foraging male in Saudi Arabia, 1993}}
File:Nightingale yelpin.jpg|{{center|Male, showing white throat and rufous breast}}
Irania gutturalis MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.189.3.jpg|{{center|Irania gutturalis - MHNT }}
References
External links
{{Commons category|Irania gutturalis}}
{{Wikispecies|Irania gutturalis}}
- {{field guide birds of the world|Irania gutturalis}}
- {{Avibase|name=Irania gutturalis}}
- [http://www.birdguides.com/species/species.asp?sp=130057 Photos at BirdGuides.com]
- [https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/whtrob3/cur/introduction Photos and videos] on Birds of the world
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