Wilfried Martens

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = Wilfried Martens

| image = Wilfried Martens 1989.jpg

| caption = Martens in 1989

| office = Leader of the European People's Party-European Democrats

| term_start = 20 July 1994

| term_end = 20 July 1999

| predecessor = Leo Tindemans

| successor = Hans-Gert Pöttering

| office1 = President of the European People's Party

| term_start1 = 16 July 1990

| term_end1 = 9 October 2013

| predecessor1 = Jacques Santer

| successor1 = Joseph Daul

| office2 = Prime Minister of Belgium

| monarch2 = Baudouin

| term_start2 = 17 December 1981

| term_end2 = 7 March 1992

| predecessor2 = Mark Eyskens

| successor2 = Jean-Luc Dehaene

| monarch3 = Baudouin

| term_start3 = 3 March 1979

| term_end3 = 6 April 1981

| predecessor3 = Paul Vanden Boeynants

| successor3 = Mark Eyskens

| birth_name = Wilfried Achiel Emma Martens

| birth_date = {{birth date|1936|4|19|df=y}}

| birth_place = Sleidinge, Belgium

| death_date = {{death date and age|2013|10|9|1936|4|19|df=y}}

| death_place = Lokeren, Belgium

| party = Christian People's Party

| spouse = {{plainlist|

{{marriage|Lieve Verschroeven|1962|1997|end=div.}}
{{marriage|Ilse Schouteden|1998|2007|end=div.}}
{{marriage|Miet Smet|2008|}}

}}

| children = 5

| alma_mater = Catholic University of Leuven

}}

Wilfried Achiel Emma Martens ({{IPA|nl|ˈʋɪlfrit ˈmɑrtəns|lang|Nl-be wilfried martens.ogg}}; 19 April 1936 – 9 October 2013) was a Belgian politician who served as prime minister of Belgium from 1979 to 1981 and from 1981 to 1992. A member of the Flemish Christian People's Party, during his premiership he oversaw the transformation of Belgium into a federal state.{{cite book|title=Political Leaders of Contemporary Western Europe: A Biographical Dictionary|author=Robert L. Peterson|year=1995|editor=David Wilsford|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|chapter=WILFRIED MARTENS|pages=306–313|isbn=978-0-313-28623-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B8iJNlWcdIUC}} He was one of the founders of the European People's Party.

During his time as prime minister, Martens led a series of centre-right and centre-left cabinets.[https://web.archive.org/web/20240416115949/https://www.eumonitor.nl/9353000/1/j9vvik7m1c3gyxp/vgaxlcr0e008 eumonitor page on Belgium (in dutch)]

Early life

Martens was born on 19 April 1936 in the village of Sleidinge, East Flanders, the son of modest small farmers. He studied law at the Catholic University of Leuven, graduating in 1960. Martens became active in the Flemish Movement as a student. He began to draw public attention in 1957 when, as president of the Flemish Youth Committee, he organized a march to protest the lack of Flemish presence in the 1958 Brussels World's Fair, and was subsequently arrested while protesting the opening of the exposition.

Political career

File:25 jarig bestaan Interparlementaire Beneluxraad in Ridderzaal in Den Haag Mart, Bestanddeelnr 932-1460.jpg

In 1965, Martens joined the Christian People's Party or CD&V, (since renamed to Christian Democratic and Flemish). He served as the party's chairman from 1972 to 1979, sitting as a deputy in the Chamber of Representatives from 1974 to 1991, and serving as a Senator from 1991 to 1994.

Wilfried Martens served as Prime Minister in nine coalition governments (Martens I-IX) from 3 April 1979 to 6 April 1981 and 17 December 1981 to 7 March 1992. His period in office was dominated by the economic crisis of the 1980s and the state reforms of 1980 and 1988 which set Belgium on a path to federalism.

He co-founded the European People's Party (EPP) in 1976 and was EPP President from 1992 until his death.

From 1993, he was President of the European Union of Christian Democrats (EUCD), until its merger with the EPP in 1996. Martens also negotiated with Finnish politician Sauli Niinistö the merger of the European Democrat Union (EDU) into the EPP (formally concluded in 2002). The successful fusion of all centre-right European organisations into the EPP – currently the largest transnational European political party with 75 member-parties from 40 countries – is widely recognised as an important achievement of his European political legacy.

From 1994 to 1998, he was a Member of the European Parliament, chairing the EPP Group.

From October 2000 to November 2001, he was also the President of the Christian Democrat International (CDI).

He re-appeared on the Belgian political stage on 22 December 2008 to help in the 2007–2011 Belgian political crisis.

Martens held a doctorate in law, a degree in notarial studies, as well as a baccalaureate in Thomistic philosophy from the Catholic University of Louvain. He also studied international political science at Harvard University. He practised law at the Ghent court of appeal.

Among numerous national and international distinctions, he was honoured in 1998 with the Charles V European Award for his contribution to European integration.

Private life

Martens had five children: two from his first marriage with Lieve Verschroeven (Kris and Anne) and three with Ilse Schouteden (Sarah, Sophie and Simon). After the birth of their twins in 1997 they married on 13 November 1998. Ilse Schouteden has a son from her previous marriage. In 2007 he divorced his second wife. On 27 September 2008 he married Miet Smet, a former Belgian minister. It was his third marriage and her first. After the death of his first wife, Martens was able to celebrate the marriage to Miet Smet in the Catholic Church, on 27 April 2013.

Death and tributes

File:Flickr - europeanpeoplesparty - EPP debates on EU Constitution - Paris 8-9 March 2005 (45).jpg (left) and Claudie Haigneré (right) at a European People's Party (EPP) meeting in 2005]]

Martens suffered from pancreatic cancer and ended his life via euthanasia on the 9th of October, 2013{{cite web|url=https://www.hbvl.be/cnt/dmf20181002_03802972/wilfried-martens-koos-voor-euthanasie-hij-was-op-het-einde-van-zijn-leven|title=Wilfried Martens koos voor euthanasie: "Hij was op het einde van zijn leven"|last=InKe}} at his home in Lokeren; he was 77.{{cite web|url=http://www.deredactie.be/permalink/1.1750864|title=Oud-premier Wilfried Martens is overleden|publisher=De Redactie|date=10 October 2013|access-date=10 October 2013}}{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-24473476|title=Belgian statesman Wilfried Martens dies aged 77|journal=BBC News|date=10 October 2013|access-date=11 October 2013}} Elio Di Rupo, the Belgian prime minister, described him as a "true statesman and one of the fathers of federal Belgium". Martin Schulz, president of the European Parliament, paid tribute to him as a "statesman of Belgium, Europe and an outstanding leader of European Parliament". Jerzy Buzek, EPP MEP and former prime minister of Poland, described him as "irreplaceable". He received a state funeral he was buried in the cemetery of Campo Santo.

The EPP think tank Centre for European Studies has been renamed after him, now being the "Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies", a decision taken during the EPP Congress in Dublin held on 9 March 2014.{{cite web|url=http://martenscentre.eu/news/centre-european-studies-renamed-honour-its-founder-wilfried-martens|title=Centre for European Studies renamed in honour of its founder Wilfried Martens|date=10 March 2014|access-date=14 March 2014}}

Honours

{{flag|Belgium}}:
Minister of State, by Royal Decree.
Grand officer in the Order of Leopold
Grand Cross in the Order of Leopold II
Grand Cross in the Order of the Crown

= Foreign honours =

{{flag|Austria}}:Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold, Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria (30 May 1985){{cite web|url=http://search.arch.be/nl/zoeken-naar-archieven/zoekresultaat/inventaris/index/eadid/BE-A0510_000966_002273_DUT/inventarisnr/I96622732024/level/file|title=Wilfried Martens. Deel 2|website=search.arch.be}}
{{flag|France}}:
Knight Grand Cross in the National Order of Merit (28 February 1983){{cite web|url=http://search.arch.be/nl/zoeken-naar-archieven/zoekresultaat/inventaris/index/eadid/BE-A0510_000966_002273_DUT/inventarisnr/I96622732020/level/file|title=Wilfried Martens. Deel 2|website=search.arch.be}}
Grand Officer in the Legion of Honour.{{cite web|url=http://www.ars-moriendi.be/martens.htm|title=MARTENS|website=www.ars-moriendi.be}}
{{flag|Germany}}: Knight Grand Cross in the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (7 February 1984){{cite web | url=http://search.arch.be/nl/zoeken-naar-archieven/zoekresultaat/inventaris/index/eadid/BE-A0510_000966_002273_DUT/inventarisnr/I96622732021/level/file | title=Wilfried Martens. Deel 2}}
{{flag|Greece}}: Knight Grand Cross in the Order of the Phoenix
{{flag|Iceland}} : Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Falcon (16 October 1979){{cite web|url=http://falkadb.forseti.is/orduskra/fal03.php?term=Martens%2C+Wilfried&sub=Leita |title=Martens, Wilfried |publisher=Falkadb.forseti.is |date=1979-10-16 |access-date=2014-04-27}}
{{flag|Italy}}: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (20 February 1986){{cite web|url=http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/DettaglioOnorificenze.aspx?decorato=15611 |title=Presidenza della Repubblica |publisher=Quirinale.it |date=1986-02-20 |access-date=2014-04-27}}
{{flag|Mexico}}:"Banda" of the Order of the Aztec Eagle (14 June 1985){{cite web|url=http://search.arch.be/nl/zoeken-naar-archieven/zoekresultaat/inventaris/index/eadid/BE-A0510_000966_002273_DUT/inventarisnr/I96622732025/level/file|title=Wilfried Martens. Deel 2|website=search.arch.be}}
{{flag|Portugal}}:
Grand Cross of the Order of Christ (10 December 1982){{cite web|url=http://www.ordens.presidencia.pt/?idc=154&list=1 |title=CIDADÃOS ESTRANGEIROS AGRACIADOS COM ORDENS PORTUGUESAS - Página Oficial das Ordens Honoríficas Portuguesas |publisher=Ordens.presidencia.pt |access-date=2014-04-27}}
Grand Cross in the Order of Prince Henry (31 October 1987)
{{Flag|Spain}}: Knight Grand Cross in the Order of Isabella the Catholic (March 1980){{cite web | url=http://search.arch.be/nl/zoeken-naar-archieven/zoekresultaat/inventaris/index/eadid/BE-A0510_000966_002273_DUT/inventarisnr/I96622732015/level/file | title=Wilfried Martens. Deel 2}}
{{flag|Netherlands}}:Knight Grand Cross in the Order of Orange-Nassau.
{{flag|Luxemburg}}: Knight Grand Cross in the Order of the Oak Crown (20 June 1984)
Grand Officer in the Ordre du Croissant vert, Commores (9 June 1982){{cite web | url=http://search.arch.be/nl/zoeken-naar-archieven/zoekresultaat/inventaris/index/eadid/BE-A0510_000966_002273_DUT/inventarisnr/I96622732018/level/file | title=Wilfried Martens. Deel 2}}

Publications

File:Flickr - europeanpeoplesparty - "I Struggle, I Overcome" - book launch (64).jpg (CES), the official think-tank of the European People's Party.]]

Een gegeven woord, Lannoo, Tielt, 1985.
Europa voorbij Oost en West, Lannoo, Tielt, 1995.
De Memoires, Luctor et Emergo, Lannoo, Tielt, 2006.
Europe: I Struggle, I Overcome, Springer Science+Business Media, 2009.{{Cite book|title=Europe: I Struggle, I Overcome: Wilfried Martens: 9783540892885: Amazon.com: Books |date=2009-08-28 |isbn = 978-3540892885|last1=Martens |first1=Wilfried |publisher=Springer }}

References

External links

[http://www.epp.eu/eppPresidentPg.asp?id=1 epp.eu]
[http://www.odis.be/lnk/en/PS_12147 Wilfried Martens] in [https://www.odis.eu ODIS - Online Database for Intermediary Structures]