William Wilkinson (architect)

{{Infobox architect

|name=William Wilkinson

|image=William Wilkinson blue plaque.jpg

|nationality=British

|birth_date=1819{{sfn|Brodie|Felstead|Franklin|Pinfield|2001|p=994}}

|birth_place=

|death_date=1901{{sfn|Brodie|Felstead|Franklin|Pinfield|2001|p=994}}

|death_place=

|practice=Wilkinson and Moore (from 1881)

|significant_buildings= Randolph Hotel, Oxford; Shelswell Park, Shelswell, Oxfordshire

|significant_projects= St Edward's School, Oxford; Norham Manor Estate, Oxford

|awards=

}}

William Wilkinson (1819–1901) was a British Gothic Revival architect who practised in Oxford, England.

Family

File:The randolph hotel oxford.jpg (left) and Taylor Institution (just visible, right)]]

Wilkinson's father was a builder in Witney in Oxfordshire.{{sfn|Tyack|1998|p=234}} William's elder brother George Wilkinson (1814–1890) was also an architect, as were William's nephews C.C. Rolfe (died 1907) and H.W. Moore (1850–1915).{{sfn|Brodie|Felstead|Franklin|Pinfield|2001|p=994}}

Career

Most of Wilkinson's buildings are in Oxfordshire. His major works include the Randolph Hotel in Oxford, completed in 1864. He was in partnership with his nephew H.W. Moore{{sfn|Brodie|Felstead|Franklin|Pinfield|2001|p=994}} from 1881.{{sfn|Tyack|1998|p=267}} In his long career Wilkinson had a number of pupils, including H.J. Tollit (1835–1904).{{sfn|Woolley|2010|p=71}}

Works

=Churches=

In 1841, at the age of only 22, Wilkinson designed a new Church of England parish church, Holy Trinity at Lew, Oxfordshire.{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|pp=682–683}} His other work on churches included:

St Leonard's parish church, Eynsham: restoration, 1856{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=600}}
Witney Cemetery: lodge and two chapels, 1857{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=846}}
Witney Workhouse: chapel, 1860{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=851}}
All Saints' parish church, Middleton Cheney, Northamptonshire: Horton family mausoleum, 1866–67{{sfn|Pevsner|Cherry|1973|p=306}}
St Andrew's parish church, Headington, Oxford: added north aisle, 1880{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=336}}

=Police buildings=

File:Old Police Station, Witney - geograph.org.uk - 868833.jpg

Wilkinson moved to Oxford in 1856 and succeeded J.C. Buckler as architect to the local police committee.{{sfn|Tyack|1998|p=234}} Oxfordshire County Constabulary was formed in 1857, and Wilkinson designed several buildings for the new force.

Watlington police station, 1858–59{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=830}}
Witney police station, 1860{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=846}}
Woodstock police station, 1863{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=857}}
Chipping Norton police station, 1864–65{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=539}}
Burford police station, 1869{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=509}}
Magistrates' room at Deddington Court House, 1874{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=572}}

=Houses=

Wilkinson designed Home Farm on the Shirburn Castle estate, built in 1856–57.{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=763}} From 1860 he laid out the Norham Manor estate in north Oxford.{{sfn|Tyack|1998|pp=234–235}}{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=317}} The estate was slowly developed with large villas, a number of which Wilkinson designed himself.{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=318}} Wilkinson also designed town houses and small country houses elsewhere in Oxfordshire:

File:The Deli Brasserie - Banbury.jpg

Hollybank, Wootton, 1862–63{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=860}}
10, Broad Street, Oxford, 1863{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=313}}
Whittlebury, Northamptonshire: farmhouse, 1864{{sfn|Pevsner|Cherry|1973|p=461}}
The Holt, Middleton Cheney, Northamptonshire, 1864{{sfn|Pevsner|Cherry|1973|p=306}}
60 Banbury Road, Oxford, 1865–66{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=319}}
Bignell House, Chesterton, 1866 (partly demolished){{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=618}}
23 and 24 Cornhill, Banbury, 1866{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=440}}
Astrop Park, Northamptonshire: lodge, pheasantry and cottage, 1868{{sfn|Pevsner|Cherry|1973|p=529}}
Witney Almshouses: restoration, 1868.{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=847}}
Brashfield House, Caversfield, 1871–73{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=524}}
Shelswell Park, Shelswell, 1875{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=753}}
Cowley Place (now St Hilda's College, Oxford): extension, 1877–78{{sfn|Tyack|1998|p=323}}{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=245}}

=Clergy houses=

A number of the houses that Wilkinson designed were for clergy. Most were for the Church of England, but he also designed a presbytery that was built for the Roman Catholic Church.

Ramsden parsonage, 1862{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=734}}
Chadlington parsonage, 1863 (now Chadlington House){{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=525}}
Duns Tew rectory, 1864 (now Priory Court){{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=591}}
Godington parsonage, 1867 (now the Old Vicarage){{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=613}}
Upper Heyford parsonage, 1869{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=821}}
Rousham rectory: enlargement and remodelling, 1873.{{sfn|Crossley|1983|pp=159–168}}
St Aloysius' presbytery, Woodstock Road, Oxford, 1877–78{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|pp=289, 332}}
Combe vicarage and Institute (with H.W. Moore), 1892–93{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=553}}

=Educational establishments=

Wilkinson designed the library for the Oxford Union, built in 1863.{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=273}} He designed a number of schools, of which the largest was St Edward's School, Oxford, whose buildings he completed in phases from 1873 until 1886.{{sfn|Tyack|1998|p=238}}{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=332}} His other schools include:

Hailey School, 1848{{sfn|Townley|2004|pp=254–255}}
Minster Lovell School, 1870–72{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=710}}
Burford Elementary School, 1875–77{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=510}}
Thame Grammar School, 1877–79{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=809}}
Salesian College, Crescent Road, Cowley, 1880{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=343}}

=Industrial buildings=

Late in his career Wilkinson undertook one industrial commission: a new smith shop and foundry for William Lucy's Eagle Ironworks in Jericho, Oxford. This single-storey building was completed in 1879.{{sfn|Woolley|2010|pp=85, 86}} It was demolished after Lucy ceased production in England in 2005.{{sfn|Woolley|2010|p=87}}

=Publications=

{{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first=William |title=English Country Houses: Sixty-one Views and Plans of Recently Erected Mansions, Private Residences, Parsonage-Houses, Farm-Houses, Lodges, and Cottages; with Sketches of Furniture and Fittings; and a Practical Treatise on House-Building |orig-year=1870 |year=1875 |edition=second |publisher=James Parker and Co |place=London}}

References

Sources

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