Wind power in Turkey

File:Bodrum historic windmill.jpg in Bodrum|alt=Round stone building with a circle of triangular sails, and in the distance a red flag with white crescent and star]]

File:Günbatımında Polente Feneri̇ ve Rüzgargülü 2008 - panoramio.jpg island in the country's west, where most wind power is concentrated|alt=Small wind turbine with lighthouse in the background]]

Some of the earliest windmills were built 400 years ago out of stone.{{Cite web |date=25 August 2008 |title=Turkey's historic windmills to be rotated for tourism |url=https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/turkeys-historic-windmills-to-be-rotated-for-tourism-9742070 |access-date=13 June 2022 |website=Hürriyet Daily News |language=en}} Using wind from the Aegean Sea,{{Cite web |date=26 July 2016 |title=Windmills Park, Alaçatı, Turkey |url=https://toposmagazine.com/windmills-park-alacati-turkey/ |access-date=13 June 2022 |website=Topos Magazine |language=en-US}} these mills were used to grind wheat into flour until the 1970s. On windy days a mill could grind 20 sacks of wheat (about 320 kg) in an hour, and corn and barley were also milled. Such historic windmills on the Bodrum Peninsula are being restored for tourism.{{Cite web |date=18 July 2009 |title=Bodrum Windmills, a must-see landmark with your Bodrum holiday |url=https://bodrumturkeytravel.com/history-culture/bodrum-windmills/ |access-date=13 June 2022 |website=bodrumturkeytravel.com |language=en |archive-date=22 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220522082507/https://bodrumturkeytravel.com/history-culture/bodrum-windmills/ |url-status=dead }}{{Cite journal |last=Bozkurt |first=Tolga |date=April 2009 |title=The Windmills of Bodrum Peninsula |url=https://www.academia.edu/32183348 |journal=SOMA 2009: Proceedings of the XIII Symposium on Mediterranean Archaeology |publisher=Selcuk University of Konya}} Likewise, on Bozcaada, two derelict mills have been reconstructed and are used for tourist demonstrations.{{Cite web |date=20 June 2019 |title=Bozcaada reunites with its millennial windmills |url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/bozcaada-reunites-with-its-millennial-windmills-144329 |access-date=13 June 2022 |website=Hürriyet Daily News |language=en}}

The first wind farm was built in İzmir in 1998.{{cite web |title=Rüzgar Enerji Santralleri |trans-title=Wind farms |url=http://www.enerjiatlasi.com/ruzgar/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140818201512/http://www.enerjiatlasi.com/ruzgar/ |archive-date=18 August 2014 |access-date=4 August 2017 |publisher=Enerji Atlası |language=tr}} While the installed capacity of wind power was 19 megawatts (MW) in 2006, it grew to 140 MW by 2007, and to over 1,600 MW by 2011. In the 2010s some windpower was used for carbon offsets.{{Cite web |title=GSF Registry |url=https://registry.goldstandard.org/projects/details/1397 |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=registry.goldstandard.org}}

A wind turbine factory was completed in 2019, also in İzmir.{{Cite report |url=https://www.pwc.com.tr/overview-of-the-turkish-electricity-market |title=Overview of the Turkish Electricity Market |date=October 2021 |publisher=PricewaterhouseCoopers |access-date=28 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128130626/https://www.pwc.com.tr/overview-of-the-turkish-electricity-market |archive-date=28 November 2021 |url-status=live}}{{Rp|page=57}} In 2020 1.6 billion euros were invested in wind power.{{Cite report |year=2021 |title=Wind Energy Market in Turkey |url=https://www.danishwindexport.dk/app/uploads/2021/05/TC-Turkey-Wind-Services_20211159.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218125509/https://www.danishwindexport.dk/app/uploads/2021/05/TC-Turkey-Wind-Services_20211159.pdf |archive-date=18 February 2022 |access-date=18 February 2022 |website=Trade Council of Denmark in Istanbul}} Hybrid generation became more popular in the early 2020s.{{Cite web |last=Todorović |first=Igor |date=8 March 2022 |title=Hybrid power plants dominate Turkey's new 2.8 GW grid capacity allocation |url=https://balkangreenenergynews.com/hybrid-power-plants-dominate-turkeys-new-2-8-gw-grid-capacity-allocation/ |access-date=10 March 2022 |website=Balkan Green Energy News |language=en-US |archive-date=8 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220308220824/https://balkangreenenergynews.com/hybrid-power-plants-dominate-turkeys-new-2-8-gw-grid-capacity-allocation/ |url-status=live }}

There are about 300 wind farms in Turkey, all onshore,{{Cite journal |last1=Kılıç |first1=Uğur |last2=Kekezoğlu |first2=Bedri |date=1 September 2022 |title=A review of solar photovoltaic incentives and Policy: Selected countries and Turkey |journal=Ain Shams Engineering Journal |language=en |volume=13 |issue=5 |pages=101669 |doi=10.1016/j.asej.2021.101669 |issn=2090-4479 |s2cid=246212766|doi-access=free }} totalling about 4,000 wind turbines.{{Cite web |date=1 December 2021 |title=Turkey strikes energy milestone as wind power output surges |url=https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/turkey-strikes-energy-milestone-as-wind-power-output-surges-52202 |access-date=30 April 2022 |website=TRT World |language=en}} Total installed capacity is 12 GW as of 2024, and capacity factor is around 33%.{{Cite report |url=https://ember-climate.org/app/uploads/2024/03/Turkiye-Electricity-Review-2024.pdf |title=Türkiye Electricity Review 2024 |publisher= Ember}} The company with the most wind power is Borusan EnBW Enerji, a joint venture between Borusan and Germany power utility Energie Baden-Wurttemberg.{{Cite web |last=Petrova |first=Aleksia |date=19 January 2022 |title=EBRD, FMO lending $80 mln to Turkey's Borusan EnBW Enerji |url=http://seenews.com/news/ebrd-fmo-lending-80-mln-to-turkeys-borusan-enbw-enerji-769816 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218132606/https://seenews.com/news/ebrd-fmo-lending-80-mln-to-turkeys-borusan-enbw-enerji-769816 |archive-date=18 February 2022 |access-date=18 February 2022 |website=seenews.com |language=en}} The maximum power of unlicensed installations is 5 MW. One billion euros was invested in 2021 and 1.4 GW built: average power rating was over 5 GW, which was higher than other European countries onshore.{{Cite web |date=4 May 2022 |title=Financing and investment trends 2021 |url=https://windeurope.org/data-and-analysis/product/financing-and-investment-trends-2021 |access-date=11 June 2022 |website=WindEurope}}{{Rp|page=24}} {{As of|2021}} the largest wind farm in the country is Soma, followed by Karaburun.{{Cite web |date=29 April 2020 |title=Wind energy in Turkey, Enercon wind turbines for Soma and Karaburun wind farms |url=https://www.evwind.es/2020/04/29/wind-energy-in-turkey-enercon-wind-turbines-for-soma-and-karaburun-wind-farms/74563 |access-date=13 June 2022 |website=reve |language=en-US}}

{{Excerpt|Aliağa Wind Farm}}

{{Excerpt|Bahçe Wind Farm}}

{{Excerpt|Çanta Wind Farm}}

{{Excerpt|Dağpazarı Wind Farm|only=paragraphs}}

{{Excerpt|Mut Wind Farm}}

{{Excerpt|Şamlı Wind Farm}}

{{Excerpt|Soma Wind Farm}}

In 2022 contracts for 20 wind farms totalling 850 MW were auctioned at prices from 408 lira (USD 24/EUR 22) to 778 lira per MWh.{{Cite web |date=21 June 2022 |title=Turkey awards 850 MW of wind power in latest tender |url=https://renewablesnow.com/news/turkey-awards-850-mw-of-wind-power-in-latest-tender-788958/ |access-date=22 June 2022 |website=Renewablesnow.com |language=en}} However the government target of 20 GW by 2023 was not met. The government published a long-term National Energy Plan in 2023 which targets almost 30 GW by 2035.{{Cite web |date=2023-01-21 |title=Türkiye Ulusal Enerji Planı açıklandı: Güneş hedefi güçlü ama kömürden çıkış yok |trans-title=Türkiye National Energy Plan announced: Solar target is strong but no exit from coal |url=https://www.bbc.com/turkce/articles/cmmzprr0j5po |access-date=2023-01-21 |website=BBC News Türkçe |language=tr}}{{Cite web |title=Türkiye to increase energy investments with zero emission target |url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkiye-to-increase-energy-investments-with-zero-emission-target-180261 |access-date=2023-01-21 |website=Hürriyet Daily News |date=21 January 2023 |language=en}}

The Energy Ministry estimates onshore potential as 48 GW at 50 m altitude in places with wind speed over 7.5 m/s: the estimate assumes 5 MW capacity turbines.{{Cite web |title=Wind |url=https://enerji.gov.tr/bilgi-merkezi-enerji-ruzgaren |access-date=11 June 2022 |website=Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (Turkey)}} The north-west is the windiest, averaging about 7 m/s at 50 m high, and has the most wind farms. Mountain ranges in the west run at right angles to the coast, so wind flows easily inland.{{Cite web |title=Wind Farm and Installed Wind Power Analyses of Turkey |url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2339106}}{{Rp|page=182}} Also, the north-west uses a lot of energy, so there are only a few wind farms in other parts of the country.

A high-voltage direct current link from the windy islands of Bozcaada and Gokceada to Istanbul has been suggested.{{Cite journal |last1=Acaroğlu |first1=Hakan |last2=García Márquez |first2=Fausto Pedro |date=15 June 2022 |title=High voltage direct current systems through submarine cables for offshore wind farms: A life-cycle cost analysis with voltage source converters for bulk power transmission |journal=Energy |language=en |volume=249 |pages=123713 |doi=10.1016/j.energy.2022.123713 |issn=0360-5442 |s2cid=247460927|doi-access=free }} For an off-grid zero-energy house, an islanded hybrid system with solar and battery has been suggested.{{Cite journal |last1=Yazdi |first1=Mohammadreza Shaterzadeh |last2=Karkani |first2=Sholeh Bagherzadeh |last3=Erturk |first3=Ercan |date=September 2021 |title=Sizing of an Islanded Wind-Solar-Battery Hybrid Power System for a Zero-Energy House in Afyon Turkey |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355164681 |url-status=live |journal=International Journal of Renewable Energy Research |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220218124247/https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ercan-Erturk/publication/355164681_Sizing_of_an_Islanded_Wind-Solar-Battery_Hybrid_Power_System_for_a_Zero-Energy_House_in_Afyon_Turkey/links/6161cb03ae47db4e57b44d3c/Sizing-of-an-Islanded-Wind-Solar-Battery-Hybrid-Power-System-for-a-Zero-Energy-House-in-Afyon-Turkey.pdf |archive-date=18 February 2022 |access-date=18 February 2022}} The politics of electricity generation are almost all about its price, not about wind power specifically.{{Cite journal |last1=Uyanik |first1=Sirri |last2=Sucu |first2=M. |last3=Zaimoglu |first3=Bi̇nnaz |year=2021 |title=The factors shaping Public Opinion about Paying for and using Renewable Energy Sources: a Case Study from Turkey |url=https://avesis.cu.edu.tr/yayin/f2552f0b-3d41-4c97-ac30-f051bb3a3a65/the-factors-shaping-public-opinion-about-paying-for-and-using-renewable-energy-sources-a-case-study-from-turkey |journal=Fresenius Environmental Bulletin |volume=30 |issue=2 |issn=1018-4619}} In general public opinion supports wind power,{{Cite journal |last1=Ediger |first1=Volkan Ş |last2=Kirkil |first2=Gokhan |last3=Çelebi |first3=Emre |last4=Ucal |first4=Meltem |last5=Kentmen-Çin |first5=Çiğdem |year=2018 |title=Turkish public preferences for energy |url=https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/enepol/v120y2018icp492-502.html |journal=Energy Policy |language=en |volume=120 |issue=C |pages=492–502|doi=10.1016/j.enpol.2018.05.043 |s2cid=158197152 }} although sometimes locals complain of insufficient consultation.{{Cite web |date=2 September 2019 |title=Local community raises concerns around wind energy project in Turkey; incl. company responses |url=https://www.business-humanrights.org/en/latest-news/local-community-raises-concerns-around-wind-energy-project-in-turkey-incl-company-responses/ |access-date=13 June 2022 |website=Business & Human Rights Resource Centre |language=en}}

Technical potential is 12 GW fixed and 63 GW floating turbines.{{Rp|page=61}} There is collaboration with Denmark to plan offshore wind power:{{Cite web |date=August 2019 |title=Roadmap for Offshore Wind in Turkey |url=https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/Globalcooperation/Publications_reports_papers/turkish_offshore_wind_roadmap_fact_sheet.pdf |publisher=Danish Energy Agency}} the Marmara Sea is considered most suitable,{{Cite journal|last1=Genç|first1=Mustafa Serdar|last2=Karipoğlu|first2=Fatih|last3=Koca|first3=Kemal|last4=Azgın|first4=Şükrü Taner|date=1 September 2021|title=Suitable site selection for offshore wind farms in Turkey's seas: GIS-MCDM based approach|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-021-00632-3|journal=Earth Science Informatics|language=en|volume=14|issue=3|pages=1213–1225|doi=10.1007/s12145-021-00632-3|bibcode=2021EScIn..14.1213G|s2cid=235259722|issn=1865-0481|access-date=18 February 2022|archive-date=18 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318203013/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12145-021-00632-3|url-status=live|hdl=11147/11435|hdl-access=free}} but the Black Sea is also a possible location,{{Cite journal|last1=Akdağ|first1=Ozan|last2=Yeroglu|first2=Celaleddin|year=2020|title=An evaluation of an offshore energy installation for the Black Sea region of Turkey and the effects on a regional decrease in greenhouse gas emissions|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ghg.1963|journal=Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology|language=en|volume=10|issue=3|pages=531–544|doi=10.1002/ghg.1963|s2cid=214410486|issn=2152-3878}} as is the Aegean near Çanakkale.{{Cite journal|last1=Kabak|first1=Mehmet|last2=Akalın|first2=Sinem|date=30 August 2021|title=A model proposal for selecting the installation location of offshore wind energy turbines|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s40095-021-00421-0|journal=International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering|volume=13|issue=1 |pages=121–134|language=en|doi=10.1007/s40095-021-00421-0|s2cid=239716158|issn=2251-6832|access-date=18 February 2022|archive-date=18 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318203003/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40095-021-00421-0|url-status=live}} Floating turbines have been modelled because off many coasts depths increase quickly.{{Cite web |date=3 February 2022 |title=Turkey carries out the first floating wind farm modeling |url=https://www.conexioconsulting.com/turkey-carries-out-the-first-floating-wind-farm-modeling/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220213114343/https://www.conexioconsulting.com/turkey-carries-out-the-first-floating-wind-farm-modeling/ |archive-date=13 February 2022 |access-date=13 February 2022 |website=Conexio Consulting |language=en-US}} A 2022 study suggested that the grid code needed improvements, specifically that "active power control and frequency regulation, reactive power control and voltage regulation, and voltage ride-through capabilities should be clarified in detail".{{Cite journal |last1=Çelik |first1=Özgür |last2=Yalman |first2=Yunus |last3=Tan |first3=Adnan |last4=Bayındır |first4=Kamil Çağatay |last5=Çetinkaya |first5=Ümit |last6=Akdeniz |first6=Mevlüt |last7=Chaudhary |first7=Sanjay K. |last8=Høyer |first8=Majbrit |last9=Guerrero |first9=Josep M. |date=1 August 2022 |title=Grid code requirements – A case study on the assessment for integration of offshore wind power plants in Turkey |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213138822001898 |journal=Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments |language=en |volume=52 |pages=102137 |doi=10.1016/j.seta.2022.102137 |issn=2213-1388 |s2cid=247396540}}

Areas off the coasts of Bandırma, Karabiga, Bozcaada and Gelibolu are being considered for Renewable Energy Resource Areas (YEKA). In 2023 Shura Energy Center made several recommendations for tendering.

Wind farms are prohibited on globally important bird migration routes (including critical migration bottlenecks such as İstanbul Strait, Çanakkale Strait, Belen in Hatay, Borçka in Artvin), some of which are high wind speed areas.{{Cite web |date=December 2019 |title=Wind energy: Possible threats to an endangered natural habitat in Izmir |url=https://rm.coe.int/complaints-on-stand-by-wind-energy-possible-threats-to-an-endangered-n/1680933a6b |publisher=Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry}} On average one or two birds are estimated to be killed by each turbine each year, mostly small- and medium-size birds.{{Cite journal |last1=Turan |first1=Levent |last2=Arıkan |first2=Kalender |date=1 January 2017 |title=Estimation of Bird Fatalities caused by Wind Turbines in Turkey |url=https://www.academia.edu/34870377 |journal=Fresenius Environmental Bulletin |volume=26 |issue=11 |pages=6543–6550}} However, the study found that the number of fatalities was not related to the number of birds or flights near the turbine. Environmental impact reports are more stringent for wind farms over 50 MW.

As the wind farms are relatively new and are assumed to operate for 25 years, their lifecycle environmental impact, such as what percentage of various metals will be recycled, is not yet known exactly.{{Cite journal |last1=Bayindir |first1=Buse |last2=Elginoz |first2=Nilay |last3=Germirli Babuna |first3=Fatos |date=26 June 2019 |title=Environmental impacts of a renewable energy source: The case of a Turkish wind farm |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334150691}} However, as their electricity is substituting that of coal and gas-fired power stations, it is certain that they are an overall good for the environment by helping to limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by Turkey.{{Cite journal |last1=Bi̇çen |first1=Tuğba |last2=Ayhan Arslan |first2=Aslı |last3=Vardar |first3=Ali |date=15 April 2022 |title=Regional solar and wind energy characteristics and {{as written|i|t's [sic]}} energy potential in northwest of Turkey |url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/gumusfenbil/issue/69370/898023 |journal=Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi |language=en |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=527–538 |doi=10.17714/gumusfenbil.898023 |s2cid=247276399 |issn=2146-538X|doi-access=free }} Lifecycle GHG emissions have been estimated at 15 g {{CO2}}eq/kWh (whereas fossil fuel power emits hundreds of g {{CO2}} eq./kWh).{{Cite journal |last1=Küçükkaraca |first1=Buket |last2=Barutcu |first2=Burak |date=30 July 2022 |title=Life Cycle Assessment of Wind Turbine in Turkey |url=https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/bajece/issue/70568/1032172 |journal=Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering |language=en |volume=10 |issue=3 |pages=230–236 |doi=10.17694/bajece.1032172 |s2cid=250082700 |issn=2147-284X|doi-access=free }}

The Turkish Wind Energy Association said in 2021 that over 20 thousand people were directly employed by the sector.{{Cite web |date=1 November 2021 |title=Turkey breaks record in wind power generation |url=https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-breaks-record-in-wind-power-generation-169055 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115083914/https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkey-breaks-record-in-wind-power-generation-169055 |archive-date=15 November 2021 |access-date=15 November 2021 |website=Hürriyet Daily News |language=en}} According to a May 2022 report from think tank Ember, wind and solar saved 7 billion dollars on gas imports in the preceding 12 months.{{Cite web |date=24 May 2022 |title=Turkey: Wind and solar saved $7 bn in 12 months |url=https://ember-climate.org/insights/research/turkey-wind-and-solar-saved-7-bn-in-12-months/ |access-date=26 May 2022 |website=Ember |language=en-US}}

{{See also|Electricity sector in Turkey#Feed-in-tariffs}}

From 2005, there was a feed-in tariff in Turkish lira which met with poor market uptake. After being denominated in dollars from 2011 to 2020, the tariff reverted to lira with new rules.{{Cite journal|last1=Gönül|first1=Ömer|last2=Duman|first2=A. Can|last3=Deveci|first3=Kaan|last4=Güler|first4=Önder|date=1 December 2021|title=An assessment of wind energy status, incentive mechanisms and market in Turkey|url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215098621000811|journal=Engineering Science and Technology |language=en|volume=24|issue=6|pages=1383–1395|doi=10.1016/j.jestch.2021.03.016|s2cid=234865588|issn=2215-0986|access-date=13 February 2022|archive-date=13 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220213115925/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215098621000811|url-status=live}} The feed-in tariff applies for 10 years. There are extra payments for domestic content.

File:Electricity Turkey.svgIn 2017, the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources launched a US$1 billion wind power investment project, and issued a request for tender. The project, titled YEKA, was for wind farms in five different regions in the country with a total power capacity of 1 GW and at least 3 TWh energy generated annually,{{cite news |date=3 August 2017 |title=YEKA ihalesi sonuçlandı! İşte kazanan grup |language=tr |trans-title=YEKA tender result! This is the winning group |newspaper=Hürriyet Daily News |url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/son-dakika-yeka-ihalesinin-kazanani-belli-oldu-40539083 |url-status=live |access-date=4 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806012357/http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/son-dakika-yeka-ihalesinin-kazanani-belli-oldu-40539083 |archive-date=6 August 2017}} an extra 1% of electricity in Turkey.

The German-Turkish consortium of Siemens-Türkerler-Kalyon bid lowest at US$34.8 per MWh. The consortium is carrying out research and development, for ten years, on wind turbine blades, generator design, material technologies and production techniques, software and innovative gearboxes. The R&D is done by fifty technical personnel, 80% of whom are Turkish engineers, with a budget of US$5 million per year.

In 2019, the second 1 GW tender was won for four equal capacity projects in Balıkesir, Çanakkale, Aydın and Muğla, which are all provinces on the west coast.{{Cite web |last=Petrova |first=Veselina |date=31 May 2019 |title=Enercon, Enerjisa win 1-GW onshore wind tender in Turkey |url=https://renewablesnow.com/news/enercon-enerjisa-win-1-gw-onshore-wind-tender-in-turkey-656113/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318203001/https://renewablesnow.com/news/enercon-enerjisa-win-1-gw-onshore-wind-tender-in-turkey-656113/ |archive-date=18 March 2022 |access-date=31 May 2019 |website=Renewablesnow.com |language=en}} The same year the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development invested US$100 million in wind and solar power in Turkey.{{cite news |date=9 May 2019 |title=EBRD invests USD 100 million in renewable arm of Turkey's IC Holding |work=Balkan Green Energy News |url=https://balkangreenenergynews.com/ebrd-invests-usd-100-million-in-renewable-arm-of-turkeys-ic-holding/ |url-status=live |access-date=24 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019212603/https://balkangreenenergynews.com/ebrd-invests-usd-100-million-in-renewable-arm-of-turkeys-ic-holding/ |archive-date=19 October 2020}} {{As of|2020|}} auction prices were around US$40 per MWh.{{Cite web|date=23 December 2020|title=Sabancı Holding investing USD 450 million in wind farms in Turkey|url=https://balkangreenenergynews.com/sabanci-holding-investing-usd-450-million-in-wind-farms-in-turkey/|access-date=7 January 2021|website=Balkan Green Energy News|language=en-US|archive-date=9 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109073302/https://balkangreenenergynews.com/sabanci-holding-investing-usd-450-million-in-wind-farms-in-turkey/|url-status=live}} Think tank Ember say that energy policy should be changed to auction for far more solar and wind power.

Since April 2022 low-cost generators such as wind have had their wholesale prices capped (this does not affect unlicensed and FiT): this can be considered a type of windfall tax. {{As of|2022}} it is unclear whether the money will be a general tax or will be used to subsidise high-cost generators such as gas.

Merchant projects have won licences with negative bids (meaning the companies pay the government for licences) and are expected to come online in the mid-2020s.{{Cite web |date=26 August 2022 |title=UK's RES divests wind project in Turkey to Dost Enerji |url=https://www.power-technology.com/news/res-wind-project-turkey/ |access-date=29 August 2022 |website=Power Technology |language=en-US}}

Nacelles are manufactured locally by Siemens,{{Cite web |last=Djunisic |first=Sladjana |date=8 November 2019 |title=Siemens Gamesa to soon start nacelle production in Turkish factory |url=https://renewablesnow.com/news/siemens-gamesa-to-soon-start-nacelle-production-in-turkish-factory-675717/ |access-date=15 June 2022 |website=Renewablesnow.com |language=en}} but most wind turbines are imported. Over half of the supply chain is local, from about 80 companies. It has been estimated that there is potential for about 240 million tons of green hydrogen to be produced by electrolysis of water by wind power.{{Cite journal |last1=Karayel |first1=G. Kubilay |last2=Javani |first2=Nader |last3=Dincer |first3=Ibrahim |date=10 February 2022 |title=Green hydrogen production potential in Turkey with wind power |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2021.2023882 |journal=International Journal of Green Energy |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=129–138 |doi=10.1080/15435075.2021.2023882 |issn=1543-5075 |s2cid=246769179}}

• Energy law
• Energy in Turkey#Policy and regulation

• [https://www.tureb.com.tr/eng/ Turkish Wind Energy Association]
• [https://app.powerbi.com/view?r=eyJrIjoiMjRiZTk3NzktMmNiYS00OTZlLTk4ZjktNmJiYTNiYTZhM2M1IiwidCI6ImU5YzY0NjU4LWFkMWQtNDUwOS1hODk0LTE2NWZhYjU2NjEyMyIsImMiOjl9 Up-to-date statistics on wind power in Turkey]

{{Commons category}}

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{{Wind power by country}}