World Blitz Chess Championship

Starting in the early 1900s, chess clubs began to play tournaments played at accelerated time controls; these early games usually required a set number of moves from each player within a certain time interval. One of the earliest examples was the local chess club at Hastings, England, where 10 seconds were allowed per move during a blitz tournament held after the 1904 British Chess Championship. By 1950, the time controls had changed to the more familiar 5 minutes per player (now 3 minutes), hence the "5-minute game" moniker. The term "blitz chess" would not be coined until the 1960s.{{cite web |url=https://worldchess.com/2016/12/25/a-brief-history-of-fast-chess/ |title=A Brief History of Fast Chess |access-date=2017-01-10 |archive-date=2017-01-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103172317/https://worldchess.com/2016/12/25/a-brief-history-of-fast-chess/ |url-status=dead }}

The first blitz chess tournament to be recognized by FIDE as a "world championship" took place on 6 September 2006 in Rishon Lezion, Israel. Structured as a 16-player round-robin, the tournament featured seven of the world's top 20 Grandmasters, as well as a young Magnus Carlsen. After 15 rounds, Alexander Grischuk and Peter Svidler finished atop the leaderboard with 10½/15; Grischuk subsequently defeated Svidler with Black in an armageddon game to win the championship.{{cite web |url=https://en.chessbase.com/post/grischuk-wins-fide-world-blitz-championship |title=CB News: Grischuk wins FIDE World Blitz Championship|date=12 September 2006}} The following year, the tournament (now branded as the FIDE World Blitz Cup) was held in Moscow, Russia following the Tal Memorial tournament and was re-structured as a 20-player double-round robin with a significantly stronger field. After Ukrainian grandmaster Vasyl Ivanchuk and Indian grandmaster Viswanathan Anand entered the final round tied on points, Ivanchuk defeated Anand from a disadvantaged position to win the tournament with 25½/38.{{cite web |url=http://theweekinchess.com/html/twic681.html#3 |title=TWIC 681: FIDE World Blitz Cup}}

In 2008, the championship reverted to a 16-player round-robin. Despite a late charge from the defending champion Ivanchuk, who won seven of the final eight rounds, the tournament was won by Leinier Domínguez, a 25-year-old GM from Cuba who scored 11½/15 to edge out Ivanchuk by a half-point.{{cite web |url=https://en.chessbase.com/post/dominguez-perez-wins-world-blitz-championship-in-almaty |title=Dominguez-Perez wins World Blitz Championship in Almaty|date=8 November 2008}} In 2009, the championship returned to Moscow, where the format was once again switched to a 22-player double round-robin with revised time controls of 3 minutes per player plus a 2-second increment. The event was won by the young Norwegian chess prodigy Magnus Carlsen, who finished three points clear of the field with 31/42 and went 8/8 against the 2nd through 5th-place finishers.{{cite web |url=https://en.chessbase.com/post/world-blitz-championship-carlsen-wins-by-three-point-margin |title=World Blitz Championship: Carlsen wins by three-point margin|date=18 November 2009}}

2010 would prove to be the final year of the event – hosted again in Moscow, the tournament was dubbed the VI World Blitz 2010 and held immediately after the Tal Memorial tournament. Despite losing both his final games, Armenian Grandmaster Levon Aronian was able to clinch the title with 24½/38, half a point ahead of Teimour Radjabov.{{cite web |url=https://en.chessbase.com/post/aronian-wins-world-blitz-championship |title=CB News: Aronian wins World Blitz Championship|date=18 November 2010}} In November 2010, a nine-round Swiss tournament was scheduled for February 17, 2011, to serve as a qualifying event for the World Blitz Championship 2011; however, after no bids for the event were made the tournament was eventually cancelled.{{cite web |url=http://en.chessbase.com/portals/4/files/news/2010/Aeroflot%20Open%202011%20Regulations%20(eng).pdf |title=Information and Regulations of the International Chess Open Festival "AEROFLOT OPEN 2011" and the Qualification Tournament for the World Blitz Championship 2011}}

On May 31, 2012, FIDE announced the inaugural World Rapid & Blitz Championships, set to take place in Astana, Kazakhstan, from July 1 to 11. The 2012 tournament consisted of a qualifying round, followed by the rapid and blitz events held consecutively over five days. The championship was originally structured as a 16-player round-robin tournament, set to coincide with the first release of FIDE's rapid and blitz ratings in July 2012; invited were the top 9 players in the FIDE ratings list, the defending champion Levon Aronian, the three medalists of the qualification competition, and three wild-card nominees by the organization committee and FIDE.{{cite web |url=https://www.fide.com/FIDE/handbook/Regulations_World_Blitz_2012.pdf |title=Regulations for the World Blitz Chess Championship 2012}} The event has since been changed to a Swiss tournament with a field of over 100 grandmasters. The top three finishers in the standings are awarded gold, silver, and bronze medals respectively; tiebreaks are determined by the average rating of opponents.{{cite web |url=https://www.fide.com/FIDE/handbook/WorldRapidBlitzChampionshipsRegulations.pdf |title=Regulations for the FIDE World Blitz Championship 2015}}

The World Rapid & Blitz Chess Championships 2020 was postponed to 2021 because of the COVID-19 pandemic.{{cite web |url=https://www.fide.com/news/773 |title=World Rapid and Blitz Championship postponed to 2021}} It was planned to be held in Kazakhstan in December 2021; however, due to new regulations imposed by the Kazakh government, which would have required many participants to quarantine, the event had to be cancelled again on December 8, 2021. FIDE was considering to either hold the event in Kazakhstan in 2022, or to move it to a different host country.{{cite web|url=https://www.fide.com/news/1470|title=FIDE World Rapid & Blitz Championships will not be held in Kazakhstan in December|date=8 December 2021|access-date=8 December 2021|publisher=FIDE}} On December 10, 2021, Warsaw, Poland was announced as the new host city, with the tournament taking place from December 25–30, 2021.{{cite web|url=https://www.fide.com/news/1473|title=World Rapid & Blitz 2021 to be held in Warsaw, Poland|date=10 December 2021|access-date=10 December 2021|publisher=FIDE}}

On 8 April 1970, following the USSR vs. Rest of the World 'Match of the Century' hosted in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, a blitz tournament was held in Herceg Novi, featuring many of the same participants from the match. The event was a 12-player double round-robin, with no tiebreaks and five minutes per player. Featuring four World Champions, the field was considered the strongest of any blitz tournament in modern history. Heading into the event, two-time World Champion Tigran Petrosian was considered the favorite to win the event, with Mikhail Tal and Viktor Korchnoi also enjoying favorable chances.{{cite web |url=http://theweekinchess.com/chessnews/events/world-blitz-2009 |title=TWIC: World Blitz Mini-Site 2009}}

It was American grandmaster Bobby Fischer, however, who put up a dominant performance, scoring 19/22 to win the tournament by 4½ points. Fischer scored a staggering 8½/10 against the five Soviet grandmasters in attendance, dropping only one game in the entire tournament and frequently gaining huge time advantages. According to one report, Fischer spent no more than 2.5 minutes on any game.{{cite web |url=https://www.chess.com/blog/RookHouse/herceg-novi-1970 |title=Chess.com – Herceg-Novi 1970|date=9 May 2008 }} At the end of the tournament, Tal – who had been whitewashed by Fischer{{what?|date=January 2025}} – gave his thoughts on the American's performance.

{{Blockquote|"I don’t know what Petrosian, Korchnoi, Bronstein, and Smyslov counted on before the start of the tournament, but I expected them to be the most probable rivals for the top prizes. Fischer had until recently played fast chess none too strongly. Now much has changed: he is fine at fast chess. His playing is of the same kind as in tournament games: everything is simple, follows a single pattern, logical, and without any spectacular effects. He makes his moves quickly and practically without errors. Throughout the tournament I think he did not lose a whole set of pieces in this way. Fischer's result is very, very impressive... We had known, of course, that Fischer is one of the strongest chessplayers in the world. He can defeat Petrosyan, Korchnoi, Spassky, and Larsen. Just as they can defeat him."{{cite news|url=http://www.thechessdrum.net/blog/2012/03/16/bobbys-blitz-chess/ |title=The Chess Drum: Bobby's Blitz Chess|date=16 March 2012}}}}

Following the Candidates' matches for the 1988 cycle, a World Blitz Championship was hosted in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada, on 19 February 1988. The event was a 32-player single-elimination tournament, with pairings determined by best-of-four matches. The field was headlined by long-time rivals Garry Kasparov and Anatoly Karpov, with the former considered the favorite to win the tournament. Notable participants included:

{{colbegin}}

1. {{flagathlete|Garry Kasparov|URS}}, 2750
2. {{flagathlete|Anatoly Karpov|URS}}, 2715
3. {{flagathlete|Mikhail Tal|URS}}, 2630
4. {{flagathlete|Rafael Vaganian|URS}}, 2625
5. {{flagathlete|Jon Speelman|ENG}}, 2625
6. {{flagathlete|Artur Yusupov|URS}}, 2620
7. {{flagathlete|Yasser Seirawan|USA}}, 2595
8. {{flagathlete|Kiril Georgiev|BUL}}, 2595
9. {{flagathlete|Valery Salov|URS}}, 2595
10. {{flagathlete|Jaan Ehlvest|URS}}, 2585
11. {{flagathlete|Kevin Spraggett|CAN}}, 2580
12. {{flagathlete|Alexander Chernin|URS}}, 2560
13. {{flagathlete|Jesús Nogueiras|CUB}}, 2560
14. {{flagathlete|Maxim Dlugy|USA}}, 2550
15. {{flagathlete|Margeir Pétursson|ISL}}, 2540
16. {{flagathlete|Michael Wilder|USA}}, 2535
17. {{flagathlete|Roman Dzindzichashvili|URS}}, 2530
18. {{flagathlete|Branko Damljanović|YUG}}, 2525
19. {{flagathlete|Helgi Ólafsson|ISL}}, 2510
20. {{flagathlete|Igor Ivanov|CAN}}, 2505
21. {{flagathlete|Aivars Gipslis|URS}}, 2505
22. {{flagathlete|Attila Grószpéter|HUN}}, 2495
23. {{flagathlete|Bogdan Lalić|YUG}}, 2495
24. {{flagathlete|Joseph Gallagher|ENG}}, 2480

{{colend}}

Former world champion Anatoly Karpov fell out of contention for the championship in just the second round, after dropping his first two games against fellow Soviet grandmaster Alexander Chernin. Reigning world champion Garry Kasparov steamed ahead into the quarterfinals but lost momentum after missing an elementary mate in two against Bulgarian grandmaster Kiril Georgiev, instead blundering stalemate;{{cite web |url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1258478 |title=Chessgames.com – Garry Kasparov vs Kiril Dimitrov Georgiev}} a stunned Kasparov was subsequently knocked out of the tournament. In the final, Mikhail Tal clinched the championship with a 3½–½ victory over Armenian grandmaster Rafael Vaganian.{{cite web |url=http://www.365chess.com/tournaments/Wch-blitz_1988/20847 |title=365Chess.com – Wch-blitz 1988}}{{cite web |url=https://apnews.com/1ff9e812e7ddf3b78d47be70d0ec351e |title=World Champion Eliminated From Blitz Chess Tournament |first=David |last=Goodman |author-link=David S. Goodman |website=Associated Press |date=February 20, 1988 |access-date=January 26, 2017}}

{{8TeamBracket

| team-width=200

| RD3=Final

| RD1-seed1=

| RD1-team1={{flagicon|URS}} Garry Kasparov

| RD1-score1=1

| RD1-seed2=

| RD1-team2={{flagicon|BUL}} Kiril Georgiev

| RD1-score2=3

| RD1-seed3=

| RD1-team3={{flagicon|URS}} Rafael Vaganian

| RD1-score3=3

| RD1-seed4=

| RD1-team4={{flagicon|USA}} Michael Wilder

| RD1-score4=0

| RD1-seed5=

| RD1-team5={{flagicon|URS}} Jaan Ehlvest

| RD1-score5=1

| RD1-seed6=

| RD1-team6={{flagicon|URS}} Alexander Chernin

| RD1-score6=3

| RD1-seed7=

| RD1-team7={{flagicon|URS}} Mikhail Tal

| RD1-score7=3

| RD1-seed8=

| RD1-team8={{flagicon|URS}} Artur Jussupow

| RD1-score8=0

| RD2-seed1=

| RD2-team1={{flagicon|BUL}} Kiril Georgiev

| RD2-score1=3½

| RD2-seed2=

| RD2-team2={{flagicon|URS}} Rafael Vaganian

| RD2-score2=4½

| RD2-seed3=

| RD2-team3={{flagicon|URS}} Alexander Chernin

| RD2-score3=1½

| RD2-seed4=

| RD2-team4={{flagicon|URS}} Mikhail Tal

| RD2-score4=2½

| RD3-seed1=

| RD3-team1={{flagicon|URS}} Rafael Vaganian

| RD3-score1=½

| RD3-seed2=

| RD3-team2={{flagicon|URS}} Mikhail Tal

| RD3-score2=3½

}}

Mikhail Tal, the 51-year-old former World Champion, breezed through the final rounds with 5½/6. Joining him in the finals was Rafael Vaganian, who survived a controversial semifinal against Kiril Georgiev; the Armenian nearly punched his clock after making an illegal move in Game 2, an accusation that was eventually refuted after match officials resorted to a video review and found that Vaganian's hand had stopped just short of touching the clock. The final was a one-sided affair, with Tal repeatedly utilizing exchange sacrifices to find winning combinations; down 3–0 after three games, Vaganian offered his hand in the 4th game to concede the match to Tal. After the match, Tal claimed he took the event "none too seriously"; he chain-smoked throughout the tournament, and his "preparation" for the semifinal match against Chernin reportedly consisted of a double scotch.{{cite news |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1988/03/28/117395/your-move-and-make-it-snappy |title=SPORTS ILLUSTRATED – Your Move, and Make It Snappy (1988)|newspaper=Vault }}{{cite web |url=http://www.worldchessnetwork.com/English/chessHistory/salute/kings/tal.php#selection-2647.1-2650.0 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20050312101636/http://www.worldchessnetwork.com/English/chessHistory/salute/kings/tal.php#selection-2647.1-2650.0 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2005-03-12 |title=21-Player Salute: Mikhail Nekhemyevich Tal}}

The Plus GSM World Blitz Cup was a 367-player Swiss-system tournament held in Warsaw, Poland, on 9 January 2000. Hosted at the Warsaw Polonia Chess Club, the event consisted of 11 rounds, with each match comprising two 5-minute games for a total of 22 games per player. Indian grandmaster Vishwanathan Anand, the tournament's No. 1 seed, triumphed over a strong field that included 70 Grandmasters{{cite web |url=http://www.chess-mate.com/warsaw.htm |title=Vishy Anand Strikes At Warsaw: Rapid King Also Blitz King|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010424165718/http://www.chess-mate.com/warsaw.htm|archive-date=2001-04-24}} and nine of the world's top-20 ranked players with a 17½/22 score. Anand's run saw him pick up 14 wins, 7 draws, and only 1 loss, highlighted by a 43-move win with the black pieces against Anatoly Karpov.{{cite web |url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1296408 |title=Chessgames.com – Anatoly Karpov vs. Viswanathan Anand, GSM World Blitz Cup 2000}} The tournament's sponsor, Plus GSM, set aside a $30,500 prize fund for the event as well as Nokia mobile communicators to be given to the top four finishers and the two top Polish players.{{cite web |url=http://theweekinchess.com/html/twic270.html#8 |title=TWIC: World Blitz Cup 2000}}{{cite web |url=http://szachowavistula.pl/vistula/plgsmbl.htm |title=Plus GSM World Blitz Chess Cup – ORGANIZERS' REGULATIONS}}

{{Chess diagram

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|Karpov vs. Anand, World Blitz Cup

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| Final position

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• World Rapid Chess Championship
• Fast chess

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{{Chess international championships}}

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Blitz

blitz

Category:FIDE competitions