Xiushan Formation

{{Infobox rockunit

| name = Xiushan Formation

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| type = Geological formation

| age = {{fossilrange|Llandovery}}

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| namedfor = Xiushan County

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| region = Southern China

| country = China

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|period=Silurian}}

The Xiushan Formation is a palaeontological formation located in China. It dates to the Lower Silurian period. Studies of conodonts found in the formation suggests the lower member and main part of the upper member correspond to the Pterospathodus eopennatus Superbiozone, whereas the top of the upper member likely correlates with the Pterospathodus celloni Superbiozone.{{Cite journal |last1=Chen |first1=Zhongyang |last2=Wang |first2=Chengyuan |last3=Fan |first3=Ru |date=2016-02-16 |editor-last=Jin |editor-first=Jisuo |title=Restudy of the Llandovery conodont biostratigraphy in the Xiushan area, Chongqing City, China |url=http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/10.1139/cjes-2015-0189 |journal=Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences |language=en |volume=53 |issue=7 |pages=651–659 |doi=10.1139/cjes-2015-0189 |bibcode=2016CaJES..53..651C |issn=0008-4077|url-access=subscription }}

Fossil content

=Cartilaginous fish=

class="wikitable" align="center"
colspan="6" align="center" \| Cartilaginous fish reported from the Xiushan Formation
Genus	Species	Presence !Material	Notes	Images
Chenolepis \|C. asketa \|Guizhou.{{Cite journal \|last1=Andreev \|first1=Plamen S. \|last2=Zhao \|first2=Wenjin \|last3=Wang \|first3=Nian-Zhong \|last4=Smith \|first4=Moya M. \|last5=Li \|first5=Qiang \|last6=Cui \|first6=Xindong \|last7=Zhu \|first7=Min \|last8=Sansom \|first8=Ivan J. \|date=2020-02-13 \|editor-last=Wong \|editor-first=William Oki \|title=Early Silurian chondrichthyans from the Tarim Basin (Xinjiang, China) \|journal=PLOS ONE \|language=en \|volume=15 \|issue=2 \|pages=e0228589 \|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0228589 \|issn=1932-6203 \|pmc=7018067 \|pmid=32053606 \|bibcode=2020PLoSO..1528589A \|doi-access=free }} \|Scales. \|Also known from the Ymogantau Formation. \|

class="wikitable" align="center"

colspan="6" align="center" | Cartilaginous fish reported from the Xiushan Formation

Genus

Species

Presence

!Material

Notes

Images

Chenolepis

|C. asketa

|Guizhou.{{Cite journal |last1=Andreev |first1=Plamen S. |last2=Zhao |first2=Wenjin |last3=Wang |first3=Nian-Zhong |last4=Smith |first4=Moya M. |last5=Li |first5=Qiang |last6=Cui |first6=Xindong |last7=Zhu |first7=Min |last8=Sansom |first8=Ivan J. |date=2020-02-13 |editor-last=Wong |editor-first=William Oki |title=Early Silurian chondrichthyans from the Tarim Basin (Xinjiang, China) |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=15 |issue=2 |pages=e0228589 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0228589 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=7018067 |pmid=32053606 |bibcode=2020PLoSO..1528589A |doi-access=free }}

|Scales.

|Also known from the Ymogantau Formation.

|

=Jawless fish=

class="wikitable" align="center"
colspan="6" align="center" \| Jawless fish reported from the Xiushan Formation
Genus	Species	Presence !Material	Notes	Images
Dayongaspis \|D. colubra \| Maoyanhe Town, Zhangjiajie, Hunan.{{Cite journal \|last1=Zhang \|first1=Yumeng \|last2=Li \|first2=Xutong \|last3=Shan \|first3=Xianren \|last4=Lin \|first4=Xianghong \|last5=Tan \|first5=Kai \|last6=Li \|first6=Qiang \|last7=Zhao \|first7=Wenjin \|last8=Tang \|first8=Lizhou \|last9=Zhu \|first9=Min \|last10=Gai \|first10=Zhikun \|date=2023-06-19 \|title=The first galeaspid fish (stem-gnathostomata) from the Silurian Xiushan formation of Hunan Province, China \|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08912963.2023.2225083 \|journal=Historical Biology \|language=en \|pages=1–12 \|doi=10.1080/08912963.2023.2225083 \|s2cid=259469524 \|issn=0891-2963\|url-access=subscription }} \| \| A galeaspid. \|

class="wikitable" align="center"

colspan="6" align="center" | Jawless fish reported from the Xiushan Formation

Genus

Species

Presence

!Material

Notes

Images

Dayongaspis

|D. colubra

| Maoyanhe Town, Zhangjiajie, Hunan.{{Cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Yumeng |last2=Li |first2=Xutong |last3=Shan |first3=Xianren |last4=Lin |first4=Xianghong |last5=Tan |first5=Kai |last6=Li |first6=Qiang |last7=Zhao |first7=Wenjin |last8=Tang |first8=Lizhou |last9=Zhu |first9=Min |last10=Gai |first10=Zhikun |date=2023-06-19 |title=The first galeaspid fish (stem-gnathostomata) from the Silurian Xiushan formation of Hunan Province, China |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08912963.2023.2225083 |journal=Historical Biology |language=en |pages=1–12 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2023.2225083 |s2cid=259469524 |issn=0891-2963|url-access=subscription }}

|

| A galeaspid.

|

=Invertebrates=

==Eurypterids==

class="wikitable" align="center"
colspan="6" align="center" \| Eurypterids reported from the Xiushan Formation
Genus	Species	Presence !Material	Notes	Images
Terropterus \|T. xiushanensis \|Xiushan.{{Cite journal \|last1=Wang \|first1=Han \|last2=Dunlop \|first2=Jason \|last3=Gai \|first3=Zhikun \|last4=Lei \|first4=Xiaojie \|last5=Jarzembowski \|first5=Edmund A. \|last6=Wang \|first6=Bo \|date=November 2021 \|title=First mixopterid eurypterids (Arthropoda: Chelicerata) from the Lower Silurian of South China \|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2095927321005004 \|journal=Science Bulletin \|language=en \|volume=66 \|issue=22 \|pages=2277–2280 \|doi=10.1016/j.scib.2021.07.019\|pmid=36654455 \|bibcode=2021SciBu..66.2277W \|url-access=subscription }} \|Several specimens. \|A mixopterid. \|File:Terropterus xiushanensis restoration.png

class="wikitable" align="center"

colspan="6" align="center" | Eurypterids reported from the Xiushan Formation

Genus

Species

Presence

!Material

Notes

Images

Terropterus

|T. xiushanensis

|Xiushan.{{Cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=Han |last2=Dunlop |first2=Jason |last3=Gai |first3=Zhikun |last4=Lei |first4=Xiaojie |last5=Jarzembowski |first5=Edmund A. |last6=Wang |first6=Bo |date=November 2021 |title=First mixopterid eurypterids (Arthropoda: Chelicerata) from the Lower Silurian of South China |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2095927321005004 |journal=Science Bulletin |language=en |volume=66 |issue=22 |pages=2277–2280 |doi=10.1016/j.scib.2021.07.019|pmid=36654455 |bibcode=2021SciBu..66.2277W |url-access=subscription }}

|Several specimens.

|A mixopterid.

|File:Terropterus xiushanensis restoration.png

Xiushan Formation

Fossil content

=Cartilaginous fish=

=Jawless fish=

=Invertebrates=

==Eurypterids==

See also