Xuchang

The prefecture-level city of Xuchang administers 2 district, 2 county-level cities and 2 counties.

• Weidu District ({{lang|zh-hans|魏都区}})
• Jian'an District ({{lang|zh-hans|建安区}})
• Yuzhou City ({{lang|zh-Hans-CN|禹州市}})
• Changge City ({{lang|zh-hans|长葛市}})
• Yanling County ({{lang|zh-hans|鄢陵县}})
• Xiangcheng County ({{lang|zh-hans|襄城县}})

During the early Zhou dynasty, the Xuchang region was granted to the Xu family (Xǔ (許/许)) of the Jiang surname and became the State of Xu, ruled by Xu Wenshu. During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, Xuchang was successively occupied by the states of Zheng and Chu, and the Xu family was later relocated to Ye County by the Chu state.

Xuchang served as the warlord Cao Cao's de facto capital during the late Eastern Han dynasty. After finding the old capital Luoyang ravaged by war, Cao moved the imperial court and Emperor Xian to what is now Xuchang in 196.

In 220, Cao Cao's son and successor Cao Pi officially declared the city as the capital of the newly established state of Cao Wei. The city was renamed "Xuchang" taken to mean "Xu Rising". The Wei emperors held court at Xuchang until the capital was moved to Luoyang in the 220s.

Xuchang ranges in latitude from 33° 16' to 34° 24' N and in longitude from 113° 03' to 114° 190' E.

Xuchang has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa), with four distinct seasons. Winters are cool and dry, summers hot and humid, spring begins early and is warm, and autumn is mild and provides a reasonable transition. Rain mainly falls from May to September, as more than 70% of the annual precipitation occurs then. The city has an annual mean temperature of at {{convert|14.6|°C|1}}, and its highest average monthly temperature is {{convert|27.0|°C|1}} in July and the lowest is {{convert|0.7|°C|1}} in January. Just over {{convert|700|mm}} of precipitation falls each year, the growing season averages 217 days and there is 2280 hours of sunshine per year.

{{Weather box|width=auto

|metric first=y

|single line=y

|collapsed = Y

|location = Xuchang, elevation {{convert|67|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)

|Jan high C = 6.1

|Feb high C = 10.0

|Mar high C = 14.8

|Apr high C = 21.7

|May high C = 27.1

|Jun high C = 32.3

|Jul high C = 32.0

|Aug high C = 30.3

|Sep high C = 26.9

|Oct high C = 22.2

|Nov high C = 14.6

|Dec high C = 8.0

|Jan mean C = 0.7

|Feb mean C = 4.2

|Mar mean C = 9.0

|Apr mean C = 15.6

|May mean C = 21.1

|Jun mean C = 26.1

|Jul mean C = 27.2

|Aug mean C = 25.6

|Sep mean C = 21.2

|Oct mean C = 15.9

|Nov mean C = 8.7

|Dec mean C = 2.8

|Jan low C = -3.3

|Feb low C = -0.4

|Mar low C = 4.1

|Apr low C = 10.0

|May low C = 15.6

|Jun low C = 20.6

|Jul low C = 23.4

|Aug low C = 22.1

|Sep low C = 17.0

|Oct low C = 11.1

|Nov low C = 4.0

|Dec low C = -1.2

|Jan record high C = 20.2 |Jan record low C = -16.4

|Feb record high C = 23.5 |Feb record low C = -19.6

|Mar record high C = 28.3 |Mar record low C = -11.5

|Apr record high C = 34.2 |Apr record low C = -2.9

|May record high C = 39.3 |May record low C = 3.2

|Jun record high C = 41.9 |Jun record low C = 11.6

|Jul record high C = 40.4 |Jul record low C = 16.4

|Aug record high C = 38.9 |Aug record low C = 11.7

|Sep record high C = 37.2 |Sep record low C = 6.3

|Oct record high C = 35.1 |Oct record low C = -0.9

|Nov record high C = 27.7 |Nov record low C = -13.1

|Dec record high C = 21.4 |Dec record low C = -14.0

|year high C = |year low C =

|year high F = |year low F =

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 12.4

|Feb precipitation mm = 14.4

|Mar precipitation mm = 27.3

|Apr precipitation mm = 40.9

|May precipitation mm = 65.0

|Jun precipitation mm = 86.5

|Jul precipitation mm = 167.4

|Aug precipitation mm = 123.6

|Sep precipitation mm = 80.9

|Oct precipitation mm = 44.0

|Nov precipitation mm = 32.6

|Dec precipitation mm = 11.5

|Jan humidity = 65

|Feb humidity = 65

|Mar humidity = 65

|Apr humidity = 68

|May humidity = 67

|Jun humidity = 65

|Jul humidity = 79

|Aug humidity = 83

|Sep humidity = 78

|Oct humidity = 70

|Nov humidity = 70

|Dec humidity = 65

|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 4.3

|Feb precipitation days = 4.9

|Mar precipitation days = 5.9

|Apr precipitation days = 6.1

|May precipitation days = 7.7

|Jun precipitation days = 7.9

|Jul precipitation days = 11.5

|Aug precipitation days = 10.6

|Sep precipitation days = 8.9

|Oct precipitation days = 6.6

|Nov precipitation days = 6.0

|Dec precipitation days = 4.0

|year precipitation days =

|Jan sun = 111.1

|Feb sun = 122.1

|Mar sun = 160.8

|Apr sun = 188.8

|May sun = 201.6

|Jun sun = 181.7

|Jul sun = 175.1

|Aug sun = 164.0

|Sep sun = 147.5

|Oct sun = 140.3

|Nov sun = 125.4

|Dec sun = 118.8

|year sun =

| Jan percentsun = 35

| Feb percentsun = 39

| Mar percentsun = 43

| Apr percentsun = 48

| May percentsun = 47

| Jun percentsun = 42

| Jul percentsun = 40

| Aug percentsun = 40

| Sep percentsun = 40

| Oct percentsun = 40

| Nov percentsun = 41

| Dec percentsun = 39

| year percentsun =

|Jan snow days = 4.0

|Feb snow days = 3.0

|Mar snow days = 1.3

|Apr snow days = 0.1

|May snow days = 0

|Jun snow days = 0

|Jul snow days = 0

|Aug snow days = 0

|Sep snow days = 0

|Oct snow days = 0

|Nov snow days = 1.2

|Dec snow days = 2.7

|year snow days =

|source 1 = China Meteorological Administration{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans |access-date=12 August 2023}}

{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans | access-date =12 August 2023 |title=Experience Template }}

| source 2 = Weather China{{cite web

| url = http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101180401.shtml?

| script-title=zh:许昌 - 气象数据 -中国天气网

| publisher = Weather China

| language = zh

| access-date = 29 November 2022}}

}}

Xuchang is an important center of the Chinese tobacco industry.

The manufacturing industry the city is best known for is wigs and hair extensions with exports worth about $1 billion in 2016. The industry started around 1900 when German merchants purchased hair from the local area. It was revived in the 1980s and in 1990 a local entrepreneur Zheng Youquan merged a number of smaller hair manufacturing workshops into Rebecca Hair Products, a larger entity that quickly expanded to international markets and became the largest wig maker in the world.{{cite news |title=China Focus: Century-old wig industry reviving under B&R initiative |url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-05/10/c_136272205.htm |agency=Xinhua |date=May 10, 2017}}

Xuchang University is in the city.

Famous tourist attractions include Baling Bridge and Chunqiu Tower.

On 18 December 2006, the Oromia Region government in Ethiopia signed an agreement with Henan Province to establish a sister city program with Ambo.[http://oromiagov.org/newsdetail.asp?NewsID=286 "Oromia State Regional Government and the delegation of Henan Province sign an agreement on the Establishment of Friendship City Relationship"] (Oromia State government website) Bolingbrook, Illinois is also a sister city of Xuchang.

{{Reflist|30em}}

{{Wikivoyage}}

{{commons category|Xuchang}}

{{Wiktionary|Xuchang|Hsu-ch'ang|Hsü-ch'ang}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20051001011519/http://www.xuchang.gov.cn/ Government website of Xuchang] (in Simplified Chinese)

{{Henan topics}}

{{Henan}}

{{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}

{{authority control}}

Category:Cities in Henan

Category:Ancient Chinese capitals

Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Henan

Category:National forest cities in China

Category:National Civilized City