Yōji Kuri

{{Short description|Japanese cartoonist and independent filmmaker (1928–2024)}}

{{Expand Japanese|久里洋二|date=December 2024}}

{{Infobox person

| name =

| native_name = 久里洋二

| native_name_lang= ja

| image =

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| caption =

| birth_date = {{birth date|1928|04|09}}

| birth_place = Sabae, Japan

| death_date = {{death date and age|2024|11|24|1928|04|09}}

| death_place =

| nationality = Japanese

| other_names =

| known_for =

| occupation =

| education = Bunka Gakūin

}}

{{Nihongo|Yōji Kuri|久里洋二|Kuri Yōji|April 9, 1928 – November 24, 2024}} was a Japanese cartoonist and independent filmmaker. An influential figure in Japanese independent animation, he was the unofficial leader and most prolific of the {{Nihongo|"Animation Association of Three"|アニメーション三人の会|Animēshon Sannin no Kai}} collective who kick-started the renaissance of modern-styled, independently made, adult-aimed animation in early 1960s Japan.{{cite web|url=http://www.pelleas.net/aniTOP/index.php?title=the_first_wave_of_independent_animators_&c=1|title=The first wave of independent animators in Japan|last=Ettinger|first=Benjamin|date=6 September 2004|publisher=AniPages Daily|access-date=8 March 2010}} He is known internationally for the very black comedy of his films, with the typically naïve style of his cartooning often belying the surreal, obscene and disturbing situations they depict (though he has worked in a variety of styles and mediums, including pixilation);{{cite web|url=http://www.geneon-ent.co.jp/anime/NAA/contents/hp0007/index00070000.html|title=Kuri Yōji Sakuhinshū -New Animation Animation-|date=2009|publisher=Geneon Universal Entertainment|language=ja|access-date=8 March 2010}} this made them a favourite among the fervently counter-cultural audiences, which included such filmmakers as René Laloux, of the first few years of the Annecy International Animated Film Festival,{{cite web|url=http://www.awn.com/articles/reviews/book-review-rene-laloux|title=Book Review: René Laloux|last=Bendazzi|first=Giannalberto|date=1 April 1996|publisher=Animation World Network|access-date=8 March 2010}} and in a 1967 publication he was considered to be "the most significant" and "the only Japanese animator whose work is known in the West" (which is to disregard the Toei Animation features and Astro Boy series that were first seen in the West around the same time that Kuri's first several films were and mentioned in passing in the same publication,{{cite book | title=Animation in the Cinema | publisher=A. Zwemmer | date=1967 | chapter=12. Germany, Japan, the Rest | last=Stephenson | first=Ralph | editor=Peter Cowie | series=International Film Guide | location=London | pages=154–156}} though these were not known as works of an individual and characteristic filmmaker and often had their Japanese origin played down). He is also known in Japan for his comics, a collection of which earned him the 1958 Bungeishunjū Manga Award. Though he was retired from filmmaking, he continued to illustrate and teach animation at {{Nihongo|Laputa Art Animation School|アート・アニメーションのちいさな学校|Āto Animēshon no Chiisana Gakkō}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.laputa-jp.com/school|title=Āto Animēshon no Chiisana Gakkō -Laputa Art Animation School-|access-date=10 March 2010}} In 2012, he received a Lifetime Achievement Award at the World Festival of Animated Film, better known as Animafest Zagreb.

Kuri died on November 24, 2024, at the age of 96. His death was announced in the following month, on December 15.{{cite web|url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2024-12-15/anime-director-manga-creator-yoji-kuri-dies/.219104|title=Anime Director, Manga Creator Yōji Kuri Dies|work=Anime News Network|first=Anita|last=Tai|date=2024-12-15}}