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pixilation

{{Short description|Type of animation using live actors}}

{{about|the stop motion film technique|the graphics effect induced by enlarging a bitmap|Pixelation|the image-editing technique of displaying part of an image at low resolution|Pixelization}}{{More citations needed|date=September 2024}}{{Primary sources|date=September 2024}}

Pixilation is a stop motion technique in which live actors are used as a frame-by-frame subject in an animated film, by repeatedly posing while one or more frame is taken and changing pose slightly before the next frame or frames.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}} This technique is often used as a way to blend live actors with animated ones in a movie.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

File:Julienne Mathieu having her hair brushed.gif (1908), Julienne Mathieu's hair appears to brush itself, one of the first uses of stop-motion animation in film.]]

Early examples of this technique are included in Segundo de Chomón's Cuisine magnétique{{Cite book |last=Crafton |first=Donald |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rJUkCgAAQBAJ&dq=%22the+hand+of+the+artist%22+booth+animation&pg=PA25 |title=Before Mickey: The Animated Film 1898–1928 |date=2015-04-01 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |isbn=978-0-226-23102-0 |language=en}} and Hôtel électrique, both from 1908, and Émile Cohl's 1911 movie Jobard ne peut pas voir les femmes travailler (Jobard cannot see the women working).{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

The term is widely credited to Grant Munro (although some say it was Norman McLaren) and he made an experimental movie named "Pixillation", available in his DVD collection "Cut Up – The Films of Grant Munro."[https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/grant-munro Grant Munro]

Films

Television shows

Music videos

Quebec band Les Colocs and Michel Gondry used pixilation in many of their music videos.

Of note, "Leave Me Alone" by Michael Jackson utilises a variation on this technique by slowing down the frame rate of video and overlaying objects to achieve the distinctive pixilation look to great effect.

Others

The pixilation technique was also used for the opening of Claymation, Will Vinton's 1978, 17-minute documentary about his animation studio's production techniques, the first time the famous trademarked Claymation term was used, now a term synonymous with all clay animation.[https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=hAFSu8rUiHI Claymation Documentary Part 1 (1978)]

The Czech animator Jan Švankmajer uses pixilation in most of his work; most notably Food.

Jan Kounen's Gisele Kerozene (1989), a short film that shows witches riding around a city on broomsticks, is another influential example of this technique.

Pixilation is also used in Andrew Huang's short video Fluxis.

An effect similar to pixilation can be achieved by dropping occasional frames from a conventionally recorded movie. While obviously easier than the stop-frame technique, this does not achieve the same quality.

References

{{reflist}}

External links

  • Watch [http://www.nfb.ca/film/a_Chairy_tale/ A Chairy Tale], [http://www.nfb.ca/film/Neighbours_Voisins/ Neighbours], and [http://www.nfb.ca/film/monsieur_pointu_en/ Monsieur Pointu] at the National Film Board of Canada
  • [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pbMnOrq50iA Spin] award-winning pixilation short film by Dustball and André Nguyen (4:13)
  • [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MXALzTinIHE Fuerte] Malacate's pixilation music video by Sebastián Baptista (3:13)
  • [http://www.paranoiaparadise.com Paranoiaparadise] some pixilation cut to house music (0:36)
  • [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nd0nQE_nw20 Leap Of Faith] Voice of Apollo's pixilation music video by the band (5:41)
  • [http://vimeo.com/7330918 Mirage] surreal animated dance utilizing the pixilation technique by Joel Fletcher and Mark Danel, 1981 (4:49)
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20130327100200/http://vimeo.com/62474345 'The Hunter Pixilation Project']
  • [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dG80XHGM6aY Two Gentlemen of Honour] slapstick short film utilizing pixilation, 2012 (3:21)
  • [https://vimeo.com/315158733 Giant Pencil Animation] short video with pixilation of a woman drawing with an oversized pencil

Category:Animation techniques

Category:Stop motion