Yakima County, Washington#Metropolitan Statistical Area

{{Infobox U.S. county

| county = Yakima County

| state = Washington

| ex image = Yakima_County.jpg

| ex image size = 300px

| ex image cap = Yakima County Courthouse

| seal =

| founded year = 1865

| founded date = January 21

| coordinates = {{Coord|46|28|N|120|44|W|format=dms|type:adm2nd_region:US-WA|display=inline,title}}

| seat wl = Yakima

| largest city wl = Yakima

| area_total_sq_mi = 4311

| area_land_sq_mi = 4295

| area_water_sq_mi = 16

| area percentage = 0.4%

| population_as_of = 2020

| population_total = 256728

| pop_est_as_of = 2024

| population_est = 258523 {{increase}}

| density_sq_mi = 58

| time zone = Pacific

| web = www.yakimacounty.us

| named for = Yakama Nation

| district = 4th

| flag =

}}

Yakima County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 256,728.{{Cite web |title=State & County QuickFacts |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/yakimacountywashington/PST045222 |access-date=April 21, 2023 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}} The county seat and most populous city is Yakima.{{Cite web |title=Find a County |url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |publisher=National Association of Counties}} The county was formed out of Ferguson County in January 1865 and is named for the Yakama tribe of Native Americans.

Yakima County comprises the Yakima, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area and is Washington state's most populous majority-Hispanic county as of 2020.{{Cite web |title=P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=P2%3A%20HISPANIC%20OR%20LATINO,%20AND%20NOT%20HISPANIC%20OR%20LATINO%20BY%20RACE&g=0100000US%240500000&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2&hidePreview=true |access-date=October 10, 2021 |website=2020 Census |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}

History

The area that now comprises Yakima County was part of the Oregon Country at the start of the nineteenth century, inhabited both by fur prospectors from Canada, and Americans seeking land for agricultural and mineral-extraction opportunities. Unable to resolve which country should control this vast area, the Treaty of 1818 provided for joint control. By 1843, the Provisional Government of Oregon had been established, although at first there were questions as to its authority and extent. During its existence, that provisional government formed the area north of the Columbia River first into the Washington Territory, and then (December 19, 1845) into two vast counties: Clark and Lewis.

The Washington Territory was formed as a separate governing entity in 1853. In 1854, that legislature carved several counties out of the two original large counties, including Skamania County. Later in 1854 the new Skamania County was reduced in size by carving out Walla Walla County. This arrangement lasted until January 23, 1863, when Ferguson County was carved out of Walla Walla County.{{Cite web |date=March 6, 2003 |title=Milestones for Washington State History — Part 2: 1851 to 1900 |url=http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=5380 |publisher=HistoryLink.org}} However, the Ferguson County government and boundary was dissolved on January 18, 1865, and its area was assigned to Yakima County three days later.{{cite journal |last=Smith |first=Charles W. |date=July 1909 |title=The Naming of Counties in the State of Washington |pages=80–83, 85 |work=The Magazine of History With Notes and Queries |volume=X |issue=1 |publisher=William Abbatt |location=New York |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044090112079 |via=HathiTrust |accessdate=October 23, 2024}}

Since its creation, the Yakima County boundary has been altered two times. In 1883 a portion of its area was carved off in the creation of Kittitas County, and in 1905 a further reduction added to the creation of Benton County.

The Yakama Indian Reservation was created in 1855. However, several tribes felt the agreement creating this reserved area had been completed without sufficient native input, and skirmishes and local war (the Yakima War, which lasted until 1858) meant that the reservation was not fully operational for two decades. The Reservation is the 15th largest reservation in America, covering {{convert|1,573|mi2|km2|abbr=on}},[http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=7651 HistoryLink.org: Yakima County – Thumbnail History] and comprising 36% of the county's total area. Its population was 31,799 in 2000, and its largest city is Toppenish.

Geography

File:Orchards near Selah WA.jpg

File:Mt Adams from Trout Lake Highway.jpg

File:Klickitat County vast farmlands.jpg

According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of {{convert|4311|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|4295|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|16|sqmi}} (0.4%) is water.{{Cite web |date=August 22, 2012 |title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files |url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_53.txt |access-date=July 16, 2015 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}} Yakima County is the second-largest county in Washington by land area and third-largest by total area. Yakima County is reputed to be one of the most difficult places on earth to predict weather, because of its surrounding mountains. The county's area is larger than the states of Delaware and Rhode Island combined.List of U.S. states and territories by area The highest point in the county is Mount Adams, which is the second tallest peak in Washington and the third tallest in the Cascade Range.

=Geographic features=

File:Oreamnos americanus 13A.JPG]]

Mount Adams, {{convert|12281|ft|m|0}}
Gilbert Peak, {{convert|8184|ft|m|0}}
Mount Aix, {{convert|7766|ft|m|0}}
Tieton Peak, {{convert|7768|ft|m|0}}
Cascade Mountains
Rattlesnake Hills
Horse Heaven Hills

=Major rivers=

=National protected areas=

=Major highways=

=Adjacent counties=

Pierce County - northwest
Lewis County - west
Skamania County - southwest
Kittitas County - north
Klickitat County - south
Grant County - northeast
Benton County - east

Demographics

{{US Census population

|1870= 432

|1880= 2811

|1890= 4429

|1900= 13462

|1910= 41709

|1920= 63710

|1930= 77402

|1940= 99019

|1950= 135723

|1960= 145112

|1970= 144971

|1980= 172508

|1990= 188823

|2000= 222581

|2010= 243231

|2020= 256728

|estyear=2024

|estimate=258523

|estref={{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html|title=County Population Totals and Components of Change: 2020-2024|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=May 17, 2025}}

|align-fn=center

|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census{{Cite web |title=U.S. Decennial Census |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |access-date=January 8, 2014 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}
1790–1960{{Cite web |title=Historical Census Browser |url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu |access-date=January 8, 2014 |publisher=University of Virginia Library}} 1900–1990{{Cite web |title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/wa190090.txt |access-date=January 8, 2014 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}
1990–2000{{Cite web |title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000 |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226035610/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=February 26, 2015 |access-date=January 8, 2014 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}} 2010–2020

}}

=2010 census=

As of the 2010 census, there were 243,231 people, 80,592 households, and 58,790 families living in the county.{{Cite web |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US53077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213033721/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US53077 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=March 6, 2016 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}} The population density was {{convert|56.6|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people |people|}}. There were 85,474 housing units at an average density of {{convert|19.9|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units |units|}}.{{Cite web |title=Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US53077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213183503/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY07/0500000US53077 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=March 6, 2016 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}} The racial makeup of the county was 63.7% White, 4.3% American Indian, 1.1% Asian, 1.0% Black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 26.1% from other races, and 3.7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 45.0% of the population. In terms of ethnicity, 15.8% reported German, 8.0% English, 7.3% Irish, and 3.6% American ancestry.{{Cite web |title=Selected Social Characteristics in the United States – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US53077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213022221/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US53077 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=March 6, 2016 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}

Of the 80,592 households, 42.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.4% were married couples living together, 14.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 27.1% were non-families, and 21.6% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.97 and the average family size was 3.46. The median age was 32.2 years.

The median income for a household in the county was $42,877 and the median income for a family was $48,004. Males had a median income of $37,029 versus $29,824 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,325. About 16.8% of families and 21.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.9% of those under age 18 and 11.9% of those age 65 or over.{{Cite web |title=Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US53077 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213011151/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US53077 |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |access-date=March 6, 2016 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}

=2000 census=

As of the 2000 census, there were 222,581 people, 73,993 households, and 54,606 families living in the county. The population density was {{convert|52|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people |people}}. There were 79,174 housing units at an average density of {{convert|18|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units |units|}}. The racial makeup of the county was 65.60% White, 0.97% Black or African American, 4.48% Native American, 0.95% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 24.43% from other races, and 3.48% from two or more races. 35.90% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 13.2% were of German, 6.4% United States or American, 5.9% English and 5.4% Irish ancestry.

There were 73,993 households, out of which 39.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.2% were non-families. 21.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.44.

In the county, 31.8% of the population was under the age of 18, 9.8% was from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 99.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.1 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $34,828, and the median income for a family was $39,746. Males had a median income of $31,620 versus $24,541 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,606. About 14.8% of families and 19.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.2% of those under age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

At the last census, the county harvested {{ Convert | 1,027 | acre | ha }} of potato (Solanum tuberosum).{{Cite web |date=2017 |title=National Agricultural Statistics Service - 2017 Census of Agriculture - Volume 1, Chapter 1: State Level Data |url=https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_2_County_Level/Washington/ |access-date=July 29, 2022 |website=USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service}}{{RP|page=395}}

The northeastern corner of the county is part of the U.S. Army's Yakima Training Center.

=Wine regions=

Washington ranks second in the United States in the production of wine, behind only California.A. Domine (ed) Wine pp. 798-800 Ullmann Publishing 2008 {{ISBN|978-3-8331-4611-4}} The Yakima Valley AVA was established in 1983 in the state's oldest agricultural region. It is Washington's third largest officially designated American Viticultural Area (AVA), and is responsible for more than 40% of the state's wine production.

Located within the larger Columbia Valley AVA, the Yakima Valley AVA is sub-divided into the three smaller wine regions, each with distinctive growing conditions. They are Red Mountain AVA, Snipes Mountain AVA, and Rattlesnake Hills AVA.J. Robinson (ed) "The Oxford Companion to Wine" Third Ed. pp. 761-762 Oxford University Press 2006 {{ISBN|0-19-860990-6}} Of the viticultural region's {{convert|665000|acre|ha}}, nearly {{convert|11120|acre|ha}} were planted in 2008.

=Pests=

Common agricultural pests here include the Green Peach Aphid (Myzus persicae), the Spotted Cutworm (Xestia c-nigrum), and the Beet Leafhopper (Circulifer tenellus) in potato.{{Cite book |last=Capinera |first=John |title=Handbook of Vegetable Pests |publisher=Academic Press |year=2020 |isbn=978-0-12-814488-6 |edition=2 |publication-place=London, UK; San Diego, Ca, US |pages=xv+799 |oclc=1152284558 |id={{ISBN|9780128144893}}}}

Communities

=Cities=

=Towns=

Harrah
Naches{{div col end}}

=Census-designated places=

=Unincorporated communities=

Politics

Yakima County leans Republican in statewide elections. On only four occasions has it backed a Democrat for President – it has voted for the same candidate as the state of South Dakota in every election since they first voted for President – and the last Democratic gubernatorial candidate it backed was Albert D. Rosellini in 1956.{{Cite web |last=David Leip |title=Gubernatorial General Election Map Comparison - Washington |url=https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/comparemaps.php?year=1956&fips=53&f=0&off=5&elect=0 |publisher=Dave Leip's U.S. Election Atlas}}

Only Adams County and Columbia County, which last backed a Democrat for governor in 1936 when Clarence D. Martin swept every county in the state, have consistently backed Republicans for governor for longer. Although Yakima County did narrowly support Maria Cantwell in 2012, the previous U.S. senate candidate to carry Yakima County for the Democrats was popular Senator "Scoop" Jackson in 1982.{{Cite web |last=David Leip |title=Senatorial General Election Map Comparison – Washington |url=https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/comparemaps.php?year=2012&fips=53&f=0&off=3&elect=0&class=1 |publisher=Dave Leip's U.S. Election Atlas}}

{{PresHead|place=Yakima County, Washington|whig=no|source1={{Cite web |last=Leip |first=David |title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections |url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS |access-date=April 10, 2018 |website=uselectionatlas.org}}}}

{{PresRow|2024|Republican|49,368|36,706|2,677|Washington (state)}}

{{PresRow|2020|Republican|50,555|43,179|2,459|Washington (state)}}

{{PresRow|2016|Republican|41,735|31,291|6,715|Washington (state)}}

{{PresRow|2012|Republican|42,239|33,217|2,050|Washington (state)}}

{{PresRow|2008|Republican|41,946|33,792|1,796|Washington (state)}}

{{PresRow|2000|Republican|39,494|25,546|2,342|Washington (state)}}

{{PresRow|1996|Republican|27,668|25,676|6,016|Washington (state)}}

{{PresRow|1992|Republican|25,841|21,026|11,102|Washington (state)}}

{{PresRow|1980|Republican|33,815|21,873|5,565|Washington (state)}}

{{PresRow|1976|Republican|29,478|24,223|1,791|Washington (state)}}

{{PresRow|1972|Republican|32,240|19,729|2,736|Washington (state)}}

{{PresRow|1968|Republican|27,488|19,499|4,211|Washington (state)}}