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Yali language

{{Short description|Dani language spoken in Indonesia}}

{{Infobox language

|name=Yali

|nativename=Yalimo

|states=Indonesia

|region=Highland Papua

|ethnicity=Yali

|speakers=30,000

|date=1988–1999

|ref = e18

|familycolor=Papuan

|fam1=Trans–New Guinea

|fam2=West Trans–New Guinea

|fam3=Irian Highlands ?

|fam4=Dani languages

|fam5=Ngalik

|lc1=yli |ld1=Anggurk Yali

|lc2=nlk |ld2=Ninia Yali

|lc3=yac |ld3=Pass Valley Yali

|glotto=yali1257

|glottorefname=Yalic

}}

Yali (Yaly, Jalè, Jaly) is a Papuan language of Indonesian New Guinea. The Yali people live east of the Baliem Valley, in the Western Highlands.

Dialectical differentiation is great enough that Ethnologue assigns separate codes to three varieties:

  • Pass Valley, also known as Abenaho, North Ngalik, and Western Yali; subdialects are Pass Valley, Landikma, Apahapsili.
  • Ninia, also known as North Ngalik and Southern Yali (Yali Selatan).
  • Angguruk, also known as Northern Yali.

However, almost nothing is known of this language. Not even the pronouns were attested for Ross (2005) to base a classification on.

Siegfried Zoellner, a German missionary, has between 1960 and 1973 translated the bible into the Yali language.

Phonology

The phonology of the Yali language:{{Cite book|title=The Morphology of Yali and Dani: A Descriptive and Comparative Analysis|last=Fahner|first=Christiaan|year=1979}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|+Consonants

! colspan="2" |

!Bilabial

!Alveolar

!Palatal

!Velar

!Glottal

colspan="2" |Nasal

|{{IPA link|m}}

|{{IPA link|n}}

|

|

|

rowspan="4" |Plosive

!plain

|{{IPA link|b}}

|{{IPA link|d}}

|

|{{IPA link|k}} {{IPA link|ɡ}}

|

prenasal

|{{IPA link|ᵐb}}

|{{IPA link|ⁿd}}

|

|{{IPA link|ᵑɡ}}

|

aspirated

|{{IPA link|pʰ}}

|{{IPA link|tʰ}}

|

|

|

implosive

|

|{{IPA link|ɗ}}

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Fricative

|{{IPA link|f}}

|{{IPA link|s}}

|

|

|{{IPA link|h}}

colspan="2" |Lateral

|

|{{IPA link|l}}

|

|

|

colspan="2" |Semivowel

|{{IPA link|w}}

|

|{{IPA link|j}}

|

|

A /ɡ/ sound at the end of words is pronounced {{IPAslink|ʁ}}.

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|+Vowels

!

!Front

!Central

!Back

Close

|{{IPA link|i}}

|

|{{IPA link|u}}

Mid

|{{IPA link|e}}

|

|{{IPA link|o}}

Low

|

|{{IPA link|a}}

|

Basic words and phrases

The following is a list of basic words and phrases in the Yali language:

  • {{lang|mis|howam fano wellahen}} - how are you
  • {{lang|mis|waa waa}} - thank you
  • {{lang|mis|ninim ar}} - you're welcome
  • {{lang|mis|nomin}} - friend
  • {{lang|mis|fano}} - good
  • {{lang|mis|ari}} - that
  • {{lang|mis|du}} - this
  • {{lang|mis|eke}} - and
  • {{lang|mis|nune}} - speak/talk
  • {{lang|mis|inune}} - language
  • {{lang|mis|nare}} - man
  • {{lang|mis|nowam}} - my news/state
  • {{lang|mis|howam}} - your (sg.) news/state
  • {{lang|mis|wellahi}} - for myself
  • {{lang|mis|wellahen}} - for yourself
  • {{lang|mis|wallahen}} - for him/herself
  • {{lang|mis|wallahi}} - for ourselves
  • {{lang|mis|wellahep}} - for yourselves/themselves
  • {{lang|mis|fam}} - *end of statement particle
  • {{lang|mis|an nahien}} - I am pleased
  • {{lang|mis|an ari nindi}} - I like that
  • {{lang|mis|an den angge}} - I have
  • {{lang|mis|ar an nomin}} - S/he is my friend
  • {{lang|mis|an nomini}} - They are my friends
  • {{lang|mis|ar nomin fano}} - S/he is a good friend
  • {{lang|mis|ir an nomini Amerikoan}} - My friends are from America
  • {{lang|mis|an nune Yali inune fam}} - I speak Yali

Pronouns

These are the personal pronouns of the Yali language:

class="wikitable"

|+Free pronouns

!

!Singular

!Plural

align="center"

!1st person

|an

|nir

align="center"

!2nd person

|har

|hir

align="center"

!3rd person

|ar

|ir

References

{{reflist}}

  • {{Malcolm Ross Pronouns}}

{{refbegin}}

  • {{Cite book |last=Zöllner |first=Siegfried |title=A Yali (Angguruk) – German Dictionary / Wörterbuch Yali (Angguruk) – Deutsch |last2=Zöllner |first2=Ilse |date=2017 |publisher=Asia-Pacific Linguistics |isbn=978-1-922185-39-6 |editor-last=Riesberg |editor-first=Sonja |series=A-PL 37 |location=Canberra |language=en |hdl=1885/127381 |hdl-access=free}}

{{refend}}

External links

  • [https://doreco.huma-num.fr/languages/apah1238 Yali (Apahapsili) DoReCo corpus] compiled by Sonja Riesberg. Audio recordings of narrative texts with transcriptions time-aligned at the phone level, translations, and time-aligned morphological annotations.

{{West Trans–New Guinea languages}}

Category:Dani languages

Category:Languages of Western New Guinea

{{papuan-lang-stub}}