Yda Hillis Addis

{{Infobox writer

|name = Yda Hillis Addis

|image = Yda Addis.jpg

|caption =

|image_size = 200

|birth_date = 1857

|birth_place = Leavenworth, Kansas, U.S.

|death_date = after 1902

|module = {{Infobox person

|child=yes

|other_names = Yda Addis Storke

}}

|spouse = {{marriage|Charles A. Storke|1890|1894|end=div}}; no children

|occupation = Writer

|children =

|parents = Alfred Shea Addis

}}

Yda Hillis Addis (born 1857,{{efn|Her death certificate indicates her birth was October 3, 1857. However, one authority suggests 1859 as the year of her birth. See "Addis, Alfred Shea", in {{cite book|last=Palmquist|author-link=Peter E. Palmquist|display-authors=etal|title=Pioneer Photographers from the Mississippi to the Continental Divide|year=2005|page=68|isbn=9780804740579|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UNipzykMBEIC}} }} disappeared 1902 in California, U.S.) was the first American writer to translate ancient Mexican oral stories and histories into English, some of which she submitted to San Francisco-based newspaper The Argonaut. The most widely popular of her more than 100 stories are Roman's Romance and Roger's Luck.

Early life

Addis was born in 1857 in Leavenworth, Kansas,{{cite book|author=Mighels, Ella Sterling|author-link=Ella Sterling Mighels|title=The story of the files: a review of California writers and literature |publisher=Cooperative Printing Co. |location=San Francisco |year=1893 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/storyfilesarevi01mighgoog/page/n235 225]–226 |url=https://archive.org/details/storyfilesarevi01mighgoog |access-date=March 12, 2010 }} and moved with her family to Chihuahua, Mexico, at the start of the American Civil War. The daughter of an itinerant photographer, Alfred Shea Addis, she roamed the Western frontier and Mexican wilderness, into indigenous villages, miners' camps, and other locations, mostly in Mexico and California, assisting her father. When she was 15, Addis and her family moved to Los Angeles, where she graduated with the first class of Los Angeles High School, a graduating class of seven students. She also began teaching seven-year-olds.

Career

=Fiction-writing=

Addis wrote many short stories, drawn from Mexican oral sources, as well as original fiction. Her writings included ghost stories, visitations of the unseen, tragic love triangles, and stories that presaged American feminism. In 1880 Addis submitted her stories of heroines, such as Poetic Justice and Señorita Santos, to The Argonaut, a bi-monthly San Francisco journal founded by Frank M. Pixley. Soon, her work was printed in other publications such as The Californian, The Overland Monthly, Harper's Monthly, the San Francisco Chronicle and Examiner, the Los Angeles Herald, the St. Louis Dispatch, the Chicago Times, the Philadelphia Press, McClure's magazine, and many Mexican newspapers and periodicals.

=Travel writing=

When the editors of the various publications to which Addis was connected discovered that she was often going out of the country, they took advantage of the opportunity to employ her as a travel writer. Most 19th century readers were unfamiliar with her travel dispatches; her travel literature and articles have only resurfaced of late.{{Citation needed |date= August 2021}}

Personal life

Pixley introduced Addis to his good friend John G. Downey, a former governor of California, in his late sixties. When Downey's sisters discovered that he and Addis had become engaged, they shanghaied Downey to Ireland, leading Addis to sue for breach of promise.{{cite news|newspaper=San Francisco Examiner|date=July 28, 1887|page=1}} Before the trial date, Addis left San Francisco for Mexico City to write for the bilingual newspaper Two Republics, owned by J. Magtella Clark. When the editor, Theodore Gesterfeld, reportedly became distracted by Addis' wit and charm, the editor's wife, Ursula, sued for divorce and named Addis a co-defendant. In Gesterfeld's testimony, he admitted to committing adultery, but not with Addis.

With this unfavorable publicity, Addis left Mexico for Santa Barbara, California, and began collecting material about prominent people of the area for a book of biographies to be published by Lewis Publishing Company. During one of her interviews, she met Charles A. Storke, a local attorney and owner of the Santa Barbara News-Press, whom she married shortly thereafter. Storke was reportedly attracted to Addis for her quick mind, her good social standing and her fame as a writer. Addis may have viewed Storke as a man who could offer her financial security. They were married on September 10, 1890.{{cite news|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SFC18900915.2.82|newspaper=San Francisco Morning Call|title=Storke-Addis Wedding in Santa Barbara|date=September 15, 1890}}

Addis' history of Santa Barbara, her only book, was published in 1891.{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-oct-22-me-then22-story.html |title=A 19th century firecracker flames out in her private life |last=Rasmussen |first=Cecilia |date=October 22, 2006 |work=Los Angeles Times |access-date=March 12, 2010}} However, Addis claimed she was treated badly by both Storke and his teenage son Tommy, accusing Storke of peculiar intimate behaviors and violence toward her.{{cite book|last=Starr |first=Kevin |title=Material Dreams: Southern California Through the 1920s |publisher=Oxford University Press, United States |year=1991 |series=Americans and the California dream |page=290 |isbn=0-19-507260-X}} Storke retaliated with a divorce complaint on the grounds that Addis was insane.{{cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/12440100/mrs_storkes_statement/|title=Mrs. Storke's Statement|date=August 14, 1891|publisher=Los Angeles Herald |page=5|access-date=July 18, 2017|via=newspapers.com}} On January 24, 1894 she was involved in a trial with Cottage Hospital over the sum of $225.00 ({{inflation|US|225|1894|fmt=eq}}){{inflation/fn|US}} for medical treatment which she lost.{{cite news|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=MP19190124.2.57|title=25 Years Ago|newspaper=Morning Press|date=January 24, 1919|volume=47|number=122}} On December 28, 1894, in the divorce suit of Charles Storke vs Yda Storke, the trial was resolved in favor of the plaintiff.{{cite news|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=MP19191228.2.53|title=25 Years Ago|newspaper=Morning Press|date=December 28, 1919|volume=48|number=102}}

During the divorce Addis discovered that her attorney, Grant Jackson, was assisting Storke. Addis subsequently broke into Jackson's home one night carrying two .38 revolvers and threatened to shoot him.{{cite web|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SJMN18990710.2.6|title=Yda Storke charged with attempted murder|work=San Jose Mercury News|date=July 10, 1899|via=California Digital Newspaper Collection}}{{cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/12441392/well_armed_for_her_purpose/|title=Well Armed for Her Purpose|date=July 10, 1899|publisher=Alexandria Gazette |page=2|access-date=July 18, 2017|via=newspapers.com}} One bullet was fired, which passed through the floor.{{cite web|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/12441449/tried_to_kill_an_attorey/|title=Tried To Kill An Attorney|date=July 10, 1899|publisher=San Francisco Chronicle |page=1|access-date=July 18, 2017|via=newspapers.com}} Jackson overpowered Addis and called for the police, and she was placed in jail. Addis spent eight months in prison. In February 1900, she was sentenced to serve a year in the Santa Barbara County Jail in a libel case.{{cite news|url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85066387/1900-02-22/ed-1/seq-6/|title=Must Serve Her Term.|newspaper=San Francisco Morning Call|date=February 22, 1900}} After serving ten months she was released in May 1900 with two months credit time.{{cite web|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=d&d=SCS19000512.1.1&srpos=21&e=------190-en--20--21--txt-txIN-Yda+Addis-------1|title=Yda Addis Storke is free|newspaper=Santa Cruz Sentinel|date=May 12, 1900}} In June 1901 in the case of C.A. Storke vs Ada Storke order dismissing motion for new trial.{{cite news|newspaper=Morning Press|date=June 18, 1901}}

When Addis was released from jail, her divorce from Storke was not final and she requested alimony. At this time Clara Shortridge Foltz stepped in briefly to defend Addis. Storke refused to pay the $500 a month that Addis requested and instead had Addis committed to an insane asylum.{{where|date=August 2018}}{{when|date=August 2018}} Addis later{{when|date=August 2018}} escaped from the asylum, and disappeared.{{cite book|last=Tompkins|first=Walker A.|title=Santa Barbara History Makers|pages=190–191|publisher=McNally & Loftin|location=Santa Barbara|year=1983|isbn=0-87461-059-1}}

While it was long assumed that Addis disappeared in 1901, with some sources claiming she was committed by Storke to an asylum, from which she escaped, research by Ashley C. Short suggests that Addis reinvented herself as Adelayda Hillis Jackson, taking a name from her mother's family and that of her purported second husband Grant Jackson while tacking on "Yda" to her new first name, and spent nearly thirty years in Texas (after perhaps living in San Francisco and México). Mainly residing in San Antonio, Adelayda Hillis Jackson spent the last decade of her life committed in the state hospital in that city and died in 1941.{{Cite web|url=https://homesteadmuseum.blog/2022/01/19/the-second-life-of-yda-addis/|title=The Second Life of Yda Addis|date=January 20, 2022}}{{Unreliable source?|date=June 2022}}

Yda Hillis Addis

Early life

Career

=Fiction-writing=

=Travel writing=

Personal life

See also

Notes

References

Further reading