ZIL-135
{{Short description|Soviet self-propelled rocket artillery chassis}}
{{More references|date=November 2018}}
{{Infobox automobile
|name=ZIL-135
|image=ZIL135 LM vorn.JPG
|caption= An East German ZIL-135 equipped with a Luna-M rocket
|production={{ubl|1959–1963 (ZIL)|1963–1994? (BAZ)}}
|class=
|layout=8×8
|engine={{ubl|5.6 L ZIL-123F I6 ×2 (prototype)|6.9 L ZIL-375YA V8 ×2}}
|transmission= {{ubl|6-speed automatic, x2|5-speed manual, ×2 (ZIL-135LM)}}
|length={{convert|9260|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
|width={{convert|3130|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
|height={{convert|3060|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}
|weight={{convert|7000|kg|lb|0|abbr=on}}
}}
The ZIL-135 is a large eight-wheeled military transport and self-propelled artillery truck manufactured by ZiL during the Cold War from the Soviet Union starting in 1959. Its purpose was to carry and launch a Luna-M (NATO: Frog-7) surface-to-surface artillery rocket. The ZIL-135 was widely exported to other communist countries, most notably North Korea, where it is a common sight in films and military marches. It also served as the TEL for the BM-27 Uragan artillery rocket system.
This vehicle has two gasoline engines that power its 20 tonnes to a maximum speed of {{convert|65|kph}}. One engine drives the four wheels on the left of the truck, while the other engine drives the four wheels on the right. The ZIL-135 has eight wheel drive, but only the front and rear axles are used for steering. It has a maximum cruising range of {{convert|500|km}}.
The cab of the ZIL-135 is NBC protected, allowing the rockets to be fired without exposing the crew to possible contaminants.{{Cite book
|title=Red Steel: Soviet Tanks and Combat Vehicles of the Cold War
|first=Russell |last=Phillips
|publisher=Shilka
|year=2013
|page=140
}}[http://weaponsystems.net/weaponsystem/DD05%20-%20BM-27%20Uragan.html WeaponSystems.net], BM-27 Uragan. The six-man crew{{sfnp|Prenatt|Hook|2016|p=36}} can emplace or displace the system in three minutes.
Variants
=ZiL=
- ZIL-135 (9P113): launcher for 9K52 Luna-M (NATO: Frog-7) missile (1959)
- ZIL-135B: amphibious version of ZIL-135 (1959)
- ZIL-135E: non-amphibious version of ZIL-135B (1960)
- ZIL-135L: improved suspension (1961)
- ZIL-135LM: ZIL-135L with manual transmission (1963); production transferred to BAZ
- ZIL-135K: launcher for C-5 missile (1961), based on the ZIL-135E; production transferred to BAZ in 1962
- ZIL-135E: diesel-electric transmission (1965)
- ZIL-135KM: launcher for P-5 Pyatyorka (NATO: SS-N-3 Shaddock) missile (1962, prototype for BAZ)
- ZIL-135KP: land train (1969)
- ZIL-135LN: chassis-cab based on ZIL-135K
- ZIL-135P: amphibious landing transport (landing barge) (1965)
- ZIL-135SH: prototype zero-turn radius version. It had two ZIL-375Ya V8 engines, one to power a generator to turn the front struts (from an Il-18) and the other drove the rear axle, which was from a ZIL-130.
=BAZ=
- ZIL-135K: launcher for FCR-2 missile (1961)
- BAZ-135LM: ZIL-135K with manual transmission (1963-1994)
- BAZ-135LMT (BAZ-135L7): tropical weather version of BAZ-135LM (1968)
- BAZ-135LMP: launcher for BM-27 Uragan MLRS (1976)
- BAZ-135LTM: transporter for Luna-M missile (1963)
- BAZ-135L4: civilian version (1968)
- BAZ-E135G: experimental prototype with gas turbine engine
- BAZ-135M1: prototype with a single diesel engine
- BAZ-135MB: launcher for SPU-35V, Tu-143 and Tu-243 (1964)
- BAZ-135MBP: BAZ-135MB with metal cargo platform
- BAZ-135MBK: BAZ-135MB with increased cargo and towing capacity (1991)
- BAZ-135MBL: (1993)
Specifications
- Length: {{convert|30.41|ft|m|abbr=on}}
- Width: {{convert|9.19|ft|m|abbr=on}}
- Height: {{convert|8.30|ft|m|abbr=on}}
- GVW (without missile): 11.57 tons
- Ground clearance: {{convert|580|mm|in|abbr=on}}
- Pitch angle: 57°
- Engine: 2× ZIL-375YA V-8 6.9 liter gasoline engines
- Horsepower: {{convert|180|hp|abbr=on}} × 2
- Top speed: {{convert|40.39|mi/h|km/h|2|abbr=on}}
- Range: {{convert|248.55|mi|km|abbr=on}}
- Fuel consumption: {{convert|3|mpgus|L/100km|2|abbr=on}} - {{convert|1|mpgus|L/100km|2|abbr=on}}
References
{{commons category|ZIL-135}}
{{Reflist}}
- {{cite book
|first1=Jamie |last1=Prenatt
|first2=Adam |last2=Hook
|title=Katyusha – Russian Multiple Rocket Launchers 1941–Present
|series=New Vanguard 235
|publisher=Osprey Publishing |place=Oxford
|year=2016
|isbn=978-1-4728-1086-1
}}
Category:Wheeled self-propelled rocket launchers
Category:Military trucks of the Soviet Union