Zechariah 4#Verse 10

The original text was written in the Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 14 verses.

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text, which includes the Codex Cairensis (from year 895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), and Codex Leningradensis (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}}{{sfn|Boda|2016|pp=2-3}}{{efn|The Aleppo Codex (930) now only contains Zechariah 9:17b–14:21.{{sfn|Boda|2016|p=3}}}}

Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls, that is, 4Q80 (4QXII^e; 75–50 BCE) with extant verses 1–4.{{sfn|Boda|2016|p=3}}{{sfn|Ulrich|2010|pp=620–621}}{{sfn|Fitzmyer|2008|p=39}}

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; $\backslash mathfrak\{G\}$^Q; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}

The fifth of the eight visions uses the 'seal imagery' of the golden lamp and the olive-tree to symbolize two joint leaders appointed to do the works for God: Joshua the high priest and the Davidic descendant and governor, Zerubbabel.{{sfn|Larkin|2007|p=612}}

: So he answered and said to me:

:“This is the word of the Lord to Zerubbabel:

:‘Not by might nor by power, but by My Spirit,’

:Says the Lord of hosts."{{bibleverse|Zechariah|4:6|NKJV}} NKJV

• "Not by might": Zerubabbel's work will be accomplished through the grace of God alone. Septuagint: "not by great might", but the Vulgate renders it: "not by an army". Zerubbabel might feel dispirited thinking how much there was to do with so few at his disposal ({{bibleverse|Nehemiah|4:2|9}}), and how formidable the opposition, so this message reassure him of the promise of Divine aid,{{sfn|Exell|Spence-Jones|1890}} knowing that God regards him precious ({{bibleverse|Haggai|2:23|9}}) as a servant of the Lord, and governor of Judah (Haggai 1:1).{{sfn|Gill|1763}}
• "But by my Spirit": the work is to be effected by the living Spirit (cf. {{bibleverse|Haggai|2:5|9}}) of God, unaffected by man's weakness, because God's might will bring strength out of weakness ({{bibleverse|Hosea|1:7|9}}; {{bibleverse|2 Corinthians|12:10|9}}; {{bibleverse|Hebrews|11:34|9}}).{{sfn|Jamieson|Fausset|Brown|1871}} Also in the might of God's Spirit He appointed in the Church "first Apostles, then prophets and evangelists" 1 Corinthians 12:28, 'filling them with divine gifts and enriching them by the influx of His Spirit'.{{sfn|Barnes|1998}}

While the task to build the temple falls mainly on Zerubabbel, the two leaders are both God's "anointed ones".

:For whoever has despised the day of small things shall rejoice, and shall see the plumb line in the hand of Zerubbabel.

:These seven are the eyes of the Lord, which range through the whole earth.{{bibleverse|Zechariah|4:10|ESV}}: English Standard Version (ESV)

Theologian Katrina Larkin suggests that the reference to a "day of small things" indicates that the restoration of the temple in Jerusalem is not to be mistaken for an eschatological "golden age".{{sfn|Larkin|2007|p=612}}

:Then he said, "These are the two anointed ones who stand by the Lord of the whole earth."{{bibleverse|Zechariah|4:14|ESV}}: ESV

The Hebrew words used mean "sons of oil" (or "sons of new oil"),[https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=zechariah%204&version=ESV#fen-ESV-22937b Note b at Zechariah 4:14 in the ESV] and refer to Zerubbabel and Joshua. The phrase comes from the same root as the word "messiah".{{sfn|Larkin|2007|p=612}}

• Lampstand
• Olive
• Zerubbabel
• Related Bible parts: Haggai 1, Zechariah 1, Zechariah 2, Zechariah 3, Zechariah 5, Zechariah 6

{{Notelist}}

{{Reflist|refs=

[http://thewaytoyahuweh.com/research/dead-sea-scrolls/#zechariah Dead sea scrolls – Zechariah]

[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/15199-zechariah-book-of Zechariah, Book of]. Jewish Encyclopedia

}}

{{Refbegin}}

• {{cite book|author-link=Albert Barnes (theologian)|last=Barnes|first= Albert|chapter-url=http://biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes/zechariah/4.htm |title=Notes on the Bible|chapter= Zechariah 4|editor= James Murphy |location= London|publisher= Blackie & Son|orig-year= 1884|edition= Reprint|via= Grand Rapids: Baker Books|date= 1998}}
• {{Cite book

|last = Boda

|first = Mark J.

|title = The Book of Zechariah

|series = New International Commentary on the Old Testament

|editor-first1 = R. K.

|editor-last1 = Harrison

|editor-first2 = Robert L.

|editor-last2 = Hubbard, Jr

|publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing

|year = 2016

|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=EwJRCwAAQBAJ

|isbn = 978-0802823755

}}

• {{Cite book

|last = Collins

|first = John J. | authorlink= John J. Collins

|title = Introduction to the Hebrew Scriptures

|publisher = Fortress Press

|year = 2014

|isbn = 9781451469233 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=fbsoBAAAQBAJ

}}

• {{cite book|last= Coogan|first = Michael David| authorlink= Michael D. Coogan |title = The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books: New Revised Standard Version, Issue 48 |editor-last1=Coogan |editor-first1=Michael David |editor-first2=Marc Zvi |editor-last2= Brettler |editor-first3=Carol Ann |editor-last3= Newsom |editor-first4= Pheme |editor-last4= Perkins |edition= Augmented 3rd |publisher = Oxford University Press |year =2007 |isbn = 9780195288810 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=HmpMPgAACAAJ }}
• {{cite book|editor1-last=Exell|editor1-first= Joseph S.|editor2-last= Spence-Jones|editor2-first= Henry Donald Maurice |chapter-url=http://biblehub.com/commentaries/pulpit/zechariah/4.htm |chapter= On "Zechariah 4 |title=The Pulpit Commentary|title-link=Pulpit Commentary|date= 1890}}
• {{Cite book|title = A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature|last = Fitzmyer|first = Joseph A.|authorlink= Joseph Fitzmyer |publisher = William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=TILXeWJ2eNAC | year = 2008|isbn = 9780802862419|location = Grand Rapids, MI }}
• {{cite book|author-link=John Gill (theologian)|last=Gill|first= John|chapter-url=http://biblehub.com/commentaries/gill/zechariah/4.htm |title=Exposition of the Entire Bible|chapter=Zechariah 4|orig-year=1746|date=1763}}
• {{Cite book

|last = Hayes

|first = Christine | authorlink= Christine Hayes

|title = Introduction to the Bible

|publisher = Yale University Press

|year = 2015

|isbn = 978-0300188271 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SKbkXYHxvlAC

}}

• {{cite book|last1=Jamieson|first1= Robert|author2-link=Andrew Robert Fausset|last2=Fausset|first2= Andrew Robert|author3-link=David Brown (Free Church of Scotland)|last3=Brown|first3= David|title-link=Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary|title=Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible|chapter-url=http://biblehub.com/commentaries/jfb/zechariah/4.htm |chapter=Zechariah 4|date= 1871}}
• {{cite book|last= Larkin| first= Katrina J. A. | chapter = 37. Zechariah | title=The Oxford Bible Commentary | editor-first1=John | editor-last1=Barton |editor1-link = John Barton (theologian) | editor-first2=John| editor-last2= Muddiman |editor2-link = John Muddiman | publisher = Oxford University Press |edition= first (paperback) | date = 2007 | pages = 610–615 | isbn = 978-0199277186 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJdVkgEACAAJ | access-date=February 6, 2019 }}
• {{Cite encyclopedia |last = Mason

|first = Rex

|entry = Zechariah, The Book of.

|editor1-last = Metzger

|editor1-first = Bruce M

|editor1-link = Bruce M. Metzger

|editor2-last = Coogan

|editor2-first = Michael D

|title = The Oxford Companion to the Bible

|publisher = Oxford University Press

|year = 1993

|isbn = 978-0195046458

|url-access = registration

|url = https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195046458

}}

• {{Cite book

| editor-last = Ulrich

| editor-first = Eugene |editor-link= Eugene Ulrich

| title = The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants

| year = 2010

| publisher = Brill

| url = https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls}}

• {{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | authorlink = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019 }}

{{Refend}}

• [http://www.mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt2304.htm Zechariah 4 Hebrew with Parallel English]
• [http://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16208 Zechariah 4 Hebrew with Rashi's Commentary]

• [http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=43&c=4 Zechariah 4 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202093254/http://www.latinvulgate.com/lv/verse.aspx?t=0&b=43&c=4 |date=2017-02-02 }}

{{Book of Zechariah}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Zechariah 04}}

04