Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County

{{Infobox settlement

|name = Zhenning County

|native_name = {{lang|zh-hans|镇宁县}} · {{lang|pcc|Zenqninf xianq}}

|postal_code =

|postal_code_type = Postal code

|official_name = {{nobold|{{lang|zh-cn|镇宁布依族苗族自治县}}
{{lang|pcc|Zenqninf Buxqyaix Buxyeeuz Ziqziqxianq}}}}
Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County

|image_skyline =

|imagesize =

|image_caption =

|image_map =

|map_caption =

|pushpin_map = Guizhou#Southwest China

|pushpin_label = Zhenning

|pushpin_map_caption = Location of the seat in Guizhou

|coor_pinpoint = Zhenning County government

|coordinates = {{coord|26.0581|N|105.7703|E|type:adm3rd_region:CN-52_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}

|subdivision_type = Country

|subdivision_name = China

|subdivision_type1 = Province

|subdivision_name1 = Guizhou

|subdivision_type2 = Prefecture-level city

|subdivision_name2 = Anshun

| seat_type = County seat

| seat = Huancui Subdistrict

|area_code =

|area_land_km2 =

|area_total_km2 =1709.42

|area_water_km2 =

|population =

|population_as_of = 2020 census

|population_density_km2 = auto

|population_total = 299696

| population_footnotes ={{cite web |url =http://www.anshun.gov.cn/zfsj/tjgb/202108/t20210830_69807565.html |title =安顺市第七次全国人口普查公报（第一号）——全市人口情况 |publisher = Government of Anshun |language = zh |date = 2021-06-09 }}

|leader_name =

|leader_title =

|elevation_ft =

|elevation_m =

|elevation_max_m =

|elevation_min_m =

|timezone = China Standard

|utc_offset = +8

|website = {{URL|http://www.gzzn.gov.cn/}}

}}

Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County ({{zh|s=镇宁布依族苗族自治县|t=鎮寧布依族苗族自治縣|p=Zhènníng Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn}}; usually referred to as "Zhenning County", commonly abbreviated as Zhenning ({{zh|labels=no|t=鎮寧縣 |s=镇宁县|p=Zhènníng Xiàn}}); Buyei: {{lang|pcc|Zenqninf Buxqyaix Buxyeeuz Ziqziqxianq}}) is an autonomous county under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Anshun, in the southwest of Guizhou Province, China.

History

File:Anzhuangwei, Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County, 14 May 2020b.jpg

In the 3rd century BC, Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County (Zhenning) was a part of an ancient political entity Yelang.

In 233, in the 11th year of Jianxing period of Shu Han (221–263), the county under the control of Puli Dazong ({{zh|s=普里大宗|labels=no}}).

In late Song dynasty, the powerful Mongol Empire, led by Genghis Khan, began their conquest of Song Empire. The Mongolian army occupied Zhenning and it came under the jurisdiction of Hehong Zhou ({{zh|s=和宏州|labels=no}}). In 1351, in the 11th year of Zhizheng period of the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), Hehong Prefecture was renamed "Zhenning Zhou" ({{zh|s=镇宁州|labels=no}}) and belonged to Puding Circuit ({{zh|s=普定路|labels=no}}).

In 1385, in the ruling of Hongwu Emperor of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), Zhenning came under the jurisdiction of Sichuan Buzhengshisi ({{zh|s=四川布政使司|labels=no}}). Five years later, a military garrison named "Anzhuangwei" ({{zh|s=安庄卫|labels=no}}) was founded in downtown Zhenning.

In 1671, in the reign of Kangxi Emperor of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), Zhenning became an independent "Zhou" and under the administration of Anshun Prefecture ({{zh|s=安顺府|labels=no}}).

In 1914, Zhenning Zhou was revoked and Zhenning County was set up.

On November 21, 1949, the Communists took over Zhenning. In 1956, it came under the jurisdiction of Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. In 1958, Guanling was briefly merged into Zhenning County and then separated in 1961. On September 11, 1963, it became an autonomous county approved by the State Council of China. In 1964, it was under jurisdiction of Liuzhi Special District. In 1981, Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County came under the jurisdiction of Anshun.

Administrative divisions

Zhenning is divided into 5 subdistricts, 8 towns and 1 township:{{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2023/52/04/520423.html|script-title=zh:2023年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：镇宁布依族苗族自治县| publisher = National Bureau of Statistics of China| language = zh-hans| access-date =}}

Baimahu Subdistrict ({{lang|zh-hans|白马湖街道}})
Huancui Subdistrict ({{lang|zh-hans|环翠街道}})
Shuanglongshan Subdistrict ({{lang|zh-hans|双龙山街道}})
Dingqi Subdistrict ({{lang|zh-hans|丁旗街道}})
Ningxi Subdistrict ({{lang|zh-hans|宁西街道}})
Huangguoshu Town ({{lang|zh-hans|黄果树镇}})
Jianglong Town ({{lang|zh-hans|江龙镇}})
Machang Town ({{lang|zh-hans|马厂镇}})
Liangtian Town ({{lang|zh-hans|良田镇}})
Biandanshan Town ({{lang|zh-hans|扁担山镇}})
Muyi Town ({{lang|zh-hans|募役镇}})
Benzhai Town ({{lang|zh-hans|本寨镇}})
Liuma Town ({{lang|zh-hans|六马镇}})
Shazi Township ({{lang|zh-hans|沙子乡}})
Geli Township ({{lang|zh-hans|革利乡}})
Jianga Township ({{lang|zh-hans|简嘎乡}})

{{wide image|Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County Panorama 2020.jpg|1000px|align-cap=center|A panoramic view of Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County in 2020.}}

{{wide image|A panoramic view of Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County, Picture1.jpg|1000px|align-cap=center|View of Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County from Mount Zhouwu in 2020.}}

Geography

Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County is located in the southwest of Guizhou province. The county has a total area of {{convert|1079.42|km2|abbr=on}}. It borders Puding County and Liuzhi Special District in the north, Wangmo County and Zhenfeng County in the east and south, Xixiu District and Ziyun Miao and Buyei Autonomous County in the east, and Guanling Buyei and Miao Autonomous County in the west.

=Climate=

Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County is in the subtropical humid monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of {{convert|16.2|C}}, total annual rainfall of {{convert|1277|mm|adj=on}}, a frost-free period of 279 to 345 days and annual average sunshine hours in 1142 hours. The highest temperature is {{convert|23.7|C}}, and the lowest temperature is {{convert|6.5|C|adj=on}}.

{{Weather box|width=auto

|metric first=y

|single line=y

|collapsed = Y

|location = Zhenning, elevation {{convert|1251|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)

|Jan high C = 9.5

|Feb high C = 12.8

|Mar high C = 17.6

|Apr high C = 22.3

|May high C = 24.8

|Jun high C = 25.6

|Jul high C = 27.3

|Aug high C = 27.7

|Sep high C = 24.5

|Oct high C = 20.1

|Nov high C = 16.4

|Dec high C = 10.4

|Jan mean C = 6.2

|Feb mean C = 8.5

|Mar mean C = 12.7

|Apr mean C = 17.1

|May mean C = 20.2

|Jun mean C = 21.7

|Jul mean C = 23.1

|Aug mean C = 22.7

|Sep mean C = 20.3

|Oct mean C = 16.3

|Nov mean C = 12.6

|Dec mean C = 7.0

|Jan low C = 4.0

|Feb low C = 5.6

|Mar low C = 9.5

|Apr low C = 13.5

|May low C = 16.8

|Jun low C = 19.0

|Jul low C = 20.1

|Aug low C = 19.3

|Sep low C = 17.6

|Oct low C = 13.7

|Nov low C = 10.1

|Dec low C = 4.7

|Jan record high C = 23.8 |Jan record low C = −4.8

|Feb record high C = 30.2 |Feb record low C = -3.0

|Mar record high C = 33.2 |Mar record low C = −2.8

|Apr record high C = 33.3 |Apr record low C = 3.1

|May record high C = 34.5 |May record low C = 7.4

|Jun record high C = 32.6 |Jun record low C = 11.8

|Jul record high C = 33.0 |Jul record low C = 11.7

|Aug record high C = 33.8 |Aug record low C = 12.2

|Sep record high C = 32.9 |Sep record low C = 9.0

|Oct record high C = 29.0 |Oct record low C = 3.6

|Nov record high C = 26.0 |Nov record low C = −0.7

|Dec record high C = 22.9 |Dec record low C = -7.0

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 23.5

|Feb precipitation mm = 17.8

|Mar precipitation mm = 35.3

|Apr precipitation mm = 71.2

|May precipitation mm = 178.4

|Jun precipitation mm = 338.2

|Jul precipitation mm = 261.6

|Aug precipitation mm = 168.3

|Sep precipitation mm = 120.8

|Oct precipitation mm = 99.0

|Nov precipitation mm = 33.4

|Dec precipitation mm = 16.6

|Jan humidity = 82

|Feb humidity = 78

|Mar humidity = 75

|Apr humidity = 73

|May humidity = 75

|Jun humidity = 81

|Jul humidity = 82

|Aug humidity = 80

|Sep humidity = 78

|Oct humidity = 81

|Nov humidity = 79

|Dec humidity = 79

|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 14.2

|Feb precipitation days = 11.4

|Mar precipitation days = 13.2

|Apr precipitation days = 13.8

|May precipitation days = 16.9

|Jun precipitation days = 18.3

|Jul precipitation days = 18.0

|Aug precipitation days = 15.6

|Sep precipitation days = 12.0

|Oct precipitation days = 15.6

|Nov precipitation days = 10.6

|Dec precipitation days = 11.8

|year precipitation days =

|Jan sun = 45.2

|Feb sun = 66.3

|Mar sun = 93.7

|Apr sun = 128.5

|May sun = 131.2

|Jun sun = 101.5

|Jul sun = 145.0

|Aug sun = 159.6

|Sep sun = 124.0

|Oct sun = 80.2

|Nov sun = 89.0

|Dec sun = 58.7

|year sun =

| Jan percentsun = 14

| Feb percentsun = 21

| Mar percentsun = 25

| Apr percentsun = 33

| May percentsun = 31

| Jun percentsun = 25

| Jul percentsun = 35

| Aug percentsun = 40

| Sep percentsun = 34

| Oct percentsun = 23

| Nov percentsun = 28

| Dec percentsun = 18

| year percentsun =

|Jan snow days = 3.1

|Feb snow days = 1.2

|Mar snow days = 0.2

|Apr snow days = 0

|May snow days = 0

|Jun snow days = 0

|Jul snow days = 0

|Aug snow days = 0

|Sep snow days = 0

|Oct snow days = 0

|Nov snow days = 0.1

|Dec snow days = 0.9

|year snow days =

|source 1 = China Meteorological Administration{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans |access-date=28 April 2023}}

{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans | access-date =28 April 2023}}

}}

=Rivers=

There are 31 rivers and streams in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County, which are tributaries of Dabang River and Qingshui River.

Zhenning River flows through the downtown county.

=Lakes and reservoirs=

There are three reservoirs in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County: Wang'er River Reservoir ({{lang|zh|王二河水库}}), White Horse Reservoir ({{lang|zh|白马水库}}), Guijiahu Reservoir and Red Flag Lake.

{{wide image|Red Flag Lake in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County, Picture1.jpg|1000px|align-cap=center|Red Flag Lake.}}

=Mountains=

The highest point in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County is Maocaopo ({{zh|s=茅草坡|l=Thatched Slope|labels=no}}) which stands {{convert|1678|m}} above sea level. The lowest point is in Liangtian, which, at {{convert|356|m}} above sea level.

=Parks=

File:Huancui Park in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County, 14 May 2020b.jpg

Huancui Park ({{lang|zh|环翠公园}}) is an urban park in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County.

Economy

As of 2019, the GDP of Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County was 10.962 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP was 38162 yuan. Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County's economic engines are agriculture, animal husbandry, mining, paper industry, tourism, and plastic products industry.

Demographics

=Population=

As of 2019, the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China estimates the county's population now to be 287,300. There are 23 ethnic groups living in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County, including Han, Buyei, Miao and Gelao.{{cite news|url=http://www.gzzn.gov.cn/zjzn/jjfz/ |script-title=zh:镇宁布依族苗族自治县 2019年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |work=Government of Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County |date=14 May 2020 |access-date=21 August 2020 |language=zh}}

=Language=

Mandarin is the official language. The local people speak both Southwestern Mandarin and minority language.

=Religion=

The county government supports all religions. The local people mainly believe in Buddhism and Catholicism.

Education

There are one high school, nine middle schools, sixty-nine primary schools, and sixty-four kindergartens in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County.

Transportation

China National Highway 320, commonly abbreviated as "National Highway 320", runs through the county.

The G60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway, commonly referred to as "Hukun Expressway", is a major northeast-southwest interstate that runs through western Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County and intersects with {{ill|Duxiang Expressway|zh|都香高速公路}} in Yanpo, just north of the county.

Zhensheng Expressway

Tourism

Tourism and related services are still developing in Zhenning Buyei and Miao Autonomous County. The county is known worldwide for Huangguoshu Waterfall, which attracts a large number of tourists. The county's most visited Buddhist temple is Nianfo Temple ({{lang|zh|念佛寺}}). The Red Flag Reservoir is a popular attraction. Major tourist destinations include Yelang Cave ({{lang|zh|夜郎洞}}), Rhinoceros Cave ({{lang|zh|犀牛洞}}) and Shuangming Cave ({{lang|zh|双明洞}}).

{{multiple image

| align = center

| direction = horizontal

| width = 250

| header =

| image1 = Zhenning Catholic Church, 23 August 2020c.jpg

| caption1 = Zhenning Catholic Church.

| image2 = Arhat Hall, Nianfo Temple, 22 May 2020.jpg

| caption2 = Arhat Hall, Nianfo Temple.

| image3 = Huangguoshu Waterfall - panoramio (1).jpg

| caption3 = Huangguoshu Waterfall.

| image4 = Lu Ruiguang Memorial Museum, Picture4.jpg