Zhoucheng Subdistrict
{{Short description|Subdistrict in Tai'an City, Shandong Province, Dongping County}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Zhoucheng Subdistrict
| area_code = 37/09/23/002/000
| native_name = 州城街道
| native_name_lang = zh
| image_skyline = 东平州城城门 01.jpg
| imagesize = 260px
| image_caption = City gate of Zhoucheng
| settlement_type = Subdistrict
| other_name =
| image_map = Zhoucheng in Dongping.png
| map_caption = Zhoucheng Subdistrict is located in Dongping County
| subdivision_type = Administrative district
| subdivision_name = Dongping County
| population_density_km2 = 847
| postal_code = 538
| subdivision_name1 = Qia prefecture (恰乡城)、Wenyang town (汶阳乡)、Dongping county (东平一区)、Chengguan district (城关区)、Chengguan town (城关镇)、
Chengguan commune (城关公社)、Dongping county (东平公社)、Zhoucheng district (州城区)、Zhoucheng town (州城镇)
| subdivision_type1 = Old names
| established_date = June, 2010
| population_total = 61559
| postal2_code = 271506
| coordinates = {{coord|display=title,inline}}
}}
Zhoucheng Subdistrict of Dongping County, Tai'an Prefecture, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China, is situated in the central part of Dongping County.October 31, 2022. National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. It is bordered to the south by the towns of Shahezhan and Xinhuzhen, to the north by Dongping Subdistrict and Laohuzhen, to the east by Pengji Subdistrict, and the west by Dongping Lake. Zhoucheng Subdistrict administers 71 administrative villages, covers an area of 72 square kilometers, and has a registered population of 61,559 people. It was established in 2010, replacing the former Zhoucheng Town.
In the third year of the Northern Song dynasty's Xianping era (1000 AD), the original capital of Yun Prefecture, Xuchang City, was submerged, and the prefecture of Yun was moved to this location, which was then named Zhoucheng.Comprehensive Encyclopedia of the Administrative Divions of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国政区大典). Until 1982, when the county seat was moved from Zhoucheng to Houtun in Dongping Subdistrict, Zhoucheng served as the political, economic, and cultural center of Dongping County. It was home to various historical sites and relics, making it a significant tourist destination in Shandong Province.Touristic town (旅游强乡镇) Additionally, Zhoucheng Subdistrict is the birthplace of Wan Li, a prominent leader in the history of the People's Republic of China.Wan Li (万里)
History
= From Pre-Qin to the Qing dynasty =
According to ancient texts, during the Xia and Shang periods, the area that is now Zhoucheng Town belonged to Xuzhou, one of the Nine Provinces, and was known as "Qià Xiāngchéng" (恰乡城) during the Shang dynasty. In the Spring and Autumn period, it was part of the State of Lu.Encyclopedia of Administrative Divisions of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国政区大典) During the Qin dynasty, the region around Zhoucheng Town fell under the jurisdiction of Xue Commandery. From the Han dynasty to the Tang dynasty, it was successively part of Jidong State, Dahe Commandery, Dongping State, Dongping Commandery, and Yunzhou.Dongping Name of Places Committee Office, "Dongping County Atlas", p. 26 - 32. In the early Northern Song dynasty, the area around Zhoucheng belonged to Yunzhou. At that time, the administrative center of Yunzhou was in Xuchang City, situated in the present territory of Laohuzhen in Dongping County. However, in the third year of the Xianping era (1000 AD), due to a breach in the Wanglingsao of the Yellow River,{{Cite web |title=东平湖底"藏"古桥 已沉睡千余年_民生要闻_民生泰安_社会_中华泰山网 |url=http://www.my0538.com/2018/0305/410488.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707202314/http://www.my0538.com/2018/0305/410488.shtml |archive-date=2018-07-07 |access-date=2018-07-07 |website=www.my0538.com |language=zh-CN}} Xuchang City, being at a lower elevation, suffered severe flooding.{{Cite web |date=2017-10-19 |title=东平须昌故城源于何方? |url=http://history.sohu.com/a/198994103_199199 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707090450/http://history.sohu.com/a/198994103_199199 |archive-date=2018-07-07 |access-date=2018-07-07 |website=history.sohu.com |language=zh-CN}} The Prefect of Yunzhou, Yao Xuan, subsequently built a new city in a higher-lying area in Wenyang Town,[https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%BF%81%E7%A7%BB%E9%83%93%E5%B7%9E%E8%B0%A2%E8%A1%A8 Yao Xuan, "Farewell Letter Upon Relocation to Yunzhou"] (in Chinese).History of the Song Dynasty, Biography, vol. 200: "In the third year of the Xianping era, the Yellow River breached at Wanglingsao in Yunzhou, flowing southeast into Juye and entering the Huai and Si rivers. The city was submerged, houses were ruined, and Yao Xuan was appointed as the Prefect of Yunzhou. He relocated the prefecture to the high plateau in Wenyang Town, entrusting him with the responsibility to manage the resettlement and permitting him to facilitate expedient actions." still referred to as Xucheng. This city became the modern-day Zhoucheng,Annual report of 2012.[http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=f9&A=1&rec=3&run=13 Yu Qingming et al., "Chronicle of Five Thousand Years of Tai'an"] (in Chinese). Retrieved January 29, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180707104026/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=f9&A=1&rec=3&run=13 Archived] from the original on 2018-07-07. and from then on, Zhoucheng became the new political center of Dongping.{{Cite web |last=山东黄河网 |title=被东平湖淹没的城市_黄河之声_山东黄河河务局 |url=http://www.sdhh.gov.cn/qlhh/hhzs/10/164013.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113124140/http://www.sdhh.gov.cn/qlhh/hhzs/10/164013.shtml |archive-date=2012-11-13 |access-date=2018-05-15 |website=www.sdhh.gov.cn |language=zh}}{{Cite web |title=我国内陆水下考古第一站"潜水"东平湖 须昌古城和清水石桥将现真容 - 中国东平网 |url=http://www.sddpw.net/news/show-34377.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216155103/http://www.sddpw.net/news/show-34377.html |archive-date=2017-12-16 |access-date=2017-12-03 |website=www.sddpw.net |language=zh}} Following the fall of the Northern Song dynasty, Zhoucheng briefly served as one of the capital cities of Liu Qi."Witnessing a thousand years of rise and fall" (阅尽千年兴衰事). During the Jin dynasty, the Shandong Western Route was established, with its administrative center in Dongping Prefecture, where the prefectural government was located in what is now Zhoucheng.{{Cite news |date=2017-12-03 |title=揭晓中国城市山东名称的由来(组图) |language=zh |url=http://travel.sina.com.cn/china/2014-04-04/1739256462_3.shtml |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171203224530/http://travel.sina.com.cn/china/2014-04-04/1739256462_3.shtml |archive-date=2017-12-03}} During the Yuan dynasty, Zhoucheng served as the administrative center of the Dongping Route of the Ministry of Personnel. With the opening of the Grand Canal, Dongping became an important hub for waterborne transportation, and it was referred to as a "magnificent and grand metropolis" by Marco Polo in his travel accounts.{{Cite web |last=网易 |title=行走大运河 :马可·波罗曾赞东平"雄伟美丽的大都市"_网易新闻 |url=http://news.163.com/14/0923/15/A6RC6DOV00014SEH.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171210175828/http://news.163.com/14/0923/15/A6RC6DOV00014SEH.html |archive-date=2017-12-10 |access-date=2017-12-10 |website=news.163.com |language=zh}}
During the Ming and Qing periods, Zhoucheng served as the administrative center of Dongping Prefecture.Atlas, p. 33-36 In the late Ming dynasty, residents in Dongping Prefecture gathered and set fire to the prefectural office.东原厎平话沧桑 (in Chinese) In the 14th year of the Chongzhen era (1641), a peasant army led by Li Qingshan captured the prefecture, but later, they were defeated by Ming dynasty forces.Wang Yufen et al., "Grand Canal: Scenery (Dongping Volume)", p. 131-132. During the Qing dynasty, the Baojia system was implemented. In the current jurisdiction of Zhoucheng Subdistrict, it was divided into different Bao districts, including Xinzibao (Southeast Xinzibao, Northwest Xinzibao), Ruiren Bao in the east, Furen Bao in the west, Aili Bao in the south, and Yifang Bao in the north.Atlas 37. General history of a County, 35. In the late Qing dynasty and early Republic of China, Dongping County faced security issues, with peasant armies and armed bandits attacking the county town multiple times. In the first year of the Tongzhi era (1861), Zhang Lexing's Nian army crossed the Grand Canal and besieged Zhoucheng twice but failed to capture it.Wang Yufen et al., "Grand Canal: Scenery (Dongping Volume" p. 132-133 (in Chinese).
= Republic of China =
In 1913, Dongping Prefecture was renamed Dongping County,General history of a County, Zhoucheng. with the prefectural city continuing to serve as the county seat, and the Bao system was retained. In 1918, bandit Zhang Zhanyuan broke into Dongping County and, along with the mutinous garrison led by He Duoyu, looted the county.Jiang Guanzhi et al., "Adorable Dongping", p. 90. In 1926, the Hongqiang Party, composed of peasants, gathered to attack the prefectural city.History of 1993 Annals. In 1931, the Bao system was abolished, and district offices and townships were established.General history of a county. District office. At that time, the northwestern and central areas of what is now Zhoucheng Subdistrict belonged to Dongping District 1, which included four towns and four townships.Zhang Zhixi, Liu Lingyu et al. "Annals of Dongping County (Year 25 of the Republic of China)", p. 33-34. Some southeastern villages were part of the fourth, sixth, and seventh townships of Dongping District 5.Dongping Name of Places Committee Office, "Dongping County Atlas", p. 40.Pengji Town Annals, p. 39.Zhang Zhixi, Liu Jingyu, et al., 'Annals of Dongping County (Year 25 of the Republic of China),' p. 42-43
In October 1937, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) established the Dongping County Work Committee. On December 25 of the same year, Japanese warplanes launched an air raid on Zhoucheng, causing more than 30 casualties.Party History Office of the CPC Dongping County Committee, et al., '[http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=4&rec=4&run=13 Disasters and Struggles]' (1937). Retrieved February 05, 2020. Archived from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20180717122438/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=4&rec=4&run=13 original] on July 17, 2018. Following the air raid, Sun Yonghan, who was then the county head of Dongping, escaped to Zhoucheng.Old County Government in County Annals. On August 17, 1938, Japanese troops and local militias from southwestern Shandong attacked Zhoucheng. The temporary Dongping County government organized over a hundred people to resist, but the defense failed, and Japanese forces subsequently occupied Zhoucheng.Party History Office of the CPC Dongping County Committee, et al., '[http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=4&rec=5&run=13 Disasters and Struggles]' (1938). Retrieved on June 12, 2018. Archived from the [https://web.archive.org/web/20180612093240/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=4&rec=5&run=13 original] on February 05, 2020. In 1939, the Japanese set up a garrison in Zhoucheng.Party History Office of the CPC Dongping County Committee, et al., '[http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=4&rec=6&run=13 Disasters and Struggles]' (1939). Retrieved on February 05, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20180615055305/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=4&rec=6&run=13 Archived] from the original on June 15, 2018. In August 1940, the Dongping County Anti-Japanese Democratic Government, under CCP leadership, incorporated Zhoucheng into Dongping District 1 and established an Anti-Japanese District Office in 1943. On the night of October 18, 1943, CCP forces launched a surprise attack on Dongping County, resulting in over a hundred Japanese and Allied troops killed or injured before retreating. By 1944, most of Dongping County had become a CCP revolutionary base area. However, the area around Zhoucheng Street, where the county seat was located, remained under Japanese control. Japanese forces had positions in Zhoucheng, Gezhenyuan, Nanguan, and Menglou within the Zhoucheng Subdistrict."Civil Administration of Dongping County", p. 91. On May 17, 1945, the Eighth Route Army launched the Dongping Campaign to liberate Dongping. By May 18, the Eighth Route Army had captured Zhoucheng and defeated the Japanese forces by the 19th.Party History Office of the CPC Dongping County Committee, et al., 'Disasters and Struggles'. [http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=4&rec=38&run=13 Dongping military campaign]. Retrieved on February 11, 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210512001708/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=4&rec=38&run=13 Archived] from the original on May 05, 2021.Wang Yufen et al., "Grand Canal: Scenery (Dongping Volume" p. 135-136 (in Chinese)."Dongping military campaign", p. 159. After the CCP took control of Zhoucheng, they removed parts of the city walls.Dongping military campaign, p. 158.{{Cite web |date=2015-11-03 |title=东平县抗战纪念设施和遗址名录 |url=http://www.sdsqw.cn/articles/ch01253/201510/443C9266-D7BC-4C82-8CA1-930E036A85FA.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205143900/http://www.sdsqw.cn/articles/ch01253/201510/443C9266-D7BC-4C82-8CA1-930E036A85FA.shtml |archive-date=2020-02-05 |access-date=2019-01-31 |website=www.sdsqw.cn |publisher=山东省省情资料库 |language=zh}}Dongping County war.
In 1947, during the Second Chinese Civil War, both the Nationalist (Kuomintang) and CCP forces contended for control of Zhoucheng. In March 1947, the Nationalist army took Zhoucheng but fled on April 21. They briefly reclaimed Zhoucheng on August 4 but were later defeated by the Liberation Army in November. In December, the Dong'e County Homecoming Regiment captured Zhoucheng. In the same month, the Liberation Army launched an eastward campaign, recapturing Zhoucheng early the following year.Wang Yufen et al., "Grand Canal: Scenery (Dongping Volume" p. 137-139 (in Chinese).{{Cite web |last=高娜 |title=东进战役与东平全境解放_东平县轶闻传说_大众网 |url=http://www.dzwww.com/2013/sdwsdt/taianwsdt_96135/dpxwsdt/dpxywcs/201312/t20131218_9364955_1.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713154604/http://www.dzwww.com/2013/sdwsdt/taianwsdt_96135/dpxwsdt/dpxywcs/201312/t20131218_9364955_1.htm |archive-date=2018-07-13 |access-date=2018-07-13 |website=www.dzwww.com |language=zh}}
= People's Republic of China =
After the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Zhoucheng remained under the jurisdiction of Dongping District 1. In December 1949, Chengguan District was separated from District 1. In April 1951, Chengguan District was merged back into District 1, which then included several towns: Lianhuawan, Xiliangcun, Houheyayi, Zhifang, Chenfang, Taoyuan, Nanzhen, Beizhen, Dongzhen, Xizhen, Yaowo, Liulin, and Liulou.General history of an administrative subdivision.
In 1955, the four towns of Xizhen, Dongzhen, Nanzhen, and Beizhen in the vicinity of the District 1 county seat were merged into Chengguan Township. At this time, District 1 comprised nine townships. Later that year, District 1 was renamed Chengguan District. By the end of 1956, some townships were again merged, leading to the abolition of Chengguan District. Chengguan Town directly fell under county jurisdiction, while Chenfang and Liangcun townships were initially transferred to Pengji District but were soon returned.[http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?K=c94&A=2&rec=8&run=13 Pengji Town Annals], p. 39 - 42. Retrieved on May 12, 2021.
In October 1958, during the People's Commune Movement, towns were dissolved. Chengguan Town was reorganized into Chengguan People's Commune. The eastern part of the original Chengguan District and the western part of Pengji District became Liangcun People's Commune. On December 19, 1958, the Liangcun Commune was dissolved, and its territory was divided between Chengguan Commune and Pengji Commune. In October 1959, Dongping County was abolished, and Chengguan Commune was transferred to Wenshang County.{{Cite web |title=《汶上县志》, 行政区划 |url=http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c87&A=1&rec=11&run=13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512001742/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c87&A=1&rec=11&run=13 |archive-date=2021-05-12 |access-date=2020-02-11 |language=zh}} In 1960, Chengguan CommuneThe materials related to the local history and chronicles of Dongping County, such as the "Dongping County Annals" and the "Dongping County Atlas," all refer to this commune as Chengguan People's Commune. However, the "Liangshan County Annals" refers to Chengguan People's Commune as Dongping People's Commune, abbreviated as Dongping Commune. In this context, we adhere to the Dongping County Annals as the reference. was transferred to Liangshan County, and in 1961, it was once again transferred to Wenshang County.{{Cite web |title=《梁山县志》, 行政区划 |url=http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c89&A=1&rec=10&run=13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512001733/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c89&A=1&rec=10&run=13 |archive-date=2021-05-12 |access-date=2020-02-11 |language=zh}} In 1962, Dongping County was reestablished, and Chengguan Commune returned to Dongping, remaining the county seat.County Annals, Administrative Division
In January 1980, Chengguan Commune was renamed Zhoucheng Town. In November 1982, the county seat of Dongping County was relocated from Zhoucheng to Hutun Village in Sicheng Commune. Zhoucheng continued as the location of Zhoucheng Town. In April 1984, Zhoucheng Town was upgraded to Zhoucheng District, which included Zhoucheng Town, Sunzhifang Township, and Xiliangcun Town."[http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=b9&A=2&rec=17&run=13 History of Tai'an district]", Dongping County. Retrieved on June 14, 2018. In October 1985, Zhoucheng District was dissolved, and the townships of Sunzhifang and Xiliangcun were merged into Zhoucheng Town. In June 2010, Zhoucheng Town was dissolved and reorganized as Zhoucheng Street.Official Website Organizational Development, Annals of 2012.
Environment
{{Location map|China Shandong|width=250|float=left|border=|caption=The location of Zhoucheng Subdistrict in Shandong Province|lat_deg=35|lat_min=54|lat_sec=48|lon_deg=116|lon_min=18|lon_sec=07|lon_dir=E}}
The Zhoucheng Subdistrict is located in the central part of Dongping County in Shandong Province, China. It is bordered by Pengji Subdistrict to the east, Dongping Lake to the west, Xinhuzhen and Shahezhan to the south, and separated Laohuzhen and Dongping Street by the Daqing River to the north. The subdistrict stretches approximately 10.6 kilometers from north to south and 12.8 kilometers from east to west, covering a total area of 72 square kilometers.Different sources provide varying descriptions of the area of Zhoucheng Town or Zhoucheng Subdistrict. These include 65.8 square kilometers (Dongping County Gazetteer, 2003 edition), 70 square kilometers (Dongping Annals, 1993), and 72 square kilometers (Dongping Annals, 2012 and 2017). The data presented here is based on more recent information.County Annals, The administrative center of Zhoucheng Street is located in the western part of Zhoucheng, about 25 kilometers from the urban center of Dongping County.Annals of 2012.
{{Climate chart|Zhoucheng Subdistrict|-8|4|2|-3|9|21|2|16|14|8|20|51|13|23|78|20|31|41|22|31|208|19|26|104|16|26|84|9|24|14|2|15|34|-6|5|17|float=right|clear=right|source=}}
Zhoucheng Subdistrict is situated in the alluvial plain of the Dawen River, characterized by a generally east-high, west-low, south-high, and north-low topography. The area is predominantly flat with minimal elevation changes. In the eastern part of the subdistrict, some areas have elevations exceeding 40 meters, with the highest point being 42.3 meters. Most of the subdistrict has elevations below 40 meters, with the lowest point at 39 meters and an average elevation of 38 meters.County Gazetteer 1989, Topographic Map.Annals 1993, Geography. The primary topographical feature is a plain, with some marshy areas present in the western part of the Zhoucheng Subdistrict.Annals 2003 The soil in Zhoucheng is mainly alluvial, found predominantly in the western part, and brown soil, which is more common in certain villages in the eastern part.
Zhoucheng Subdistrict is situated to the west of Dongping Lake, Shandong's second-largest freshwater lake. The subdistrict is home to several rivers, including the Daqing River, Zhifang River, Weizi River, Xiaoqing River, and Paisen River. The Daqing River is the largest river within Zhoucheng's boundaries. It enters from the Ma Zhuang area and flows from east to west along the northern edge of the subdistrict, serving as a natural boundary between Zhoucheng Subdistrict and the neighboring areas of Dongping Street and Laohu Town. The Xiaoqing River, also known as the Nansha River, flows along the southern edge of Zhoucheng. It follows the ancient channel of the Wen River and approximately divides Zhoucheng Subdistrict from Shahezhan Town. The Xiaoqing River is 30 kilometers long and about 100 meters wide, though its riverbed is no longer actively used. The Weizi River, also known as the drainage ditch,County Gazetteer 2003, Rivers. County Gazetteer 1986, Rivers. enters Zhoucheng Subdistrict from Pengji Subdistrict and flows through the southeastern part of the Zhoucheng Subdistrict. The Paisen River, an artificially excavated river, was created in 1960. It is 30 kilometers long and about 10 meters wide. It was primarily constructed to alleviate waterlogging issues in the eastern part of the Zhoucheng Subdistrict. Zhoucheng Subdistrict benefits from relatively abundant water resources. However, most of the surface water in the area is saline-alkaline and unsuitable for drinking.{{Cite news |last=张梅芳 |date=2020-02-03 |title=州城街道:抓好"常、细、长"为民谋福利 |work=今日东平 |url=http://jrdp.sddp.net/news.aspx?id=8602 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614111747/http://jrdp.sddp.net/news.aspx?id=8602 |archive-date=2020-06-14}} However, the groundwater quality is better, with an estimated usable groundwater resource of about 8.84 million cubic meters. Many residents rely on well water for drinking.
Zhoucheng Subdistrict has three types of vegetation: crop vegetation, forest vegetation, and aquatic vegetation. The crop vegetation primarily consists of crops, covering more than half of the total area of the subdistrict. Aquatic vegetation includes reeds, bulrushes, and others, primarily found along the rivers, lakes, and marshy areas within the boundaries of Zhoucheng. Forest vegetation mainly consists of poplar trees, willow trees, and pagoda trees. In terms of mineral resources, the area possesses river sand, saltpeter, and mineral water.Jiang Guanzhi et al., "Adorable Dongping", p. 22. River sand is mainly extracted from the Daqing River, and there are also deposits of brick and tile clay in the eastern part of the Zhoucheng Subdistrict. The presence of the Pengji Iron Ore Prediction Zone, which runs through the northeast part of the Zhoucheng Subdistrict, suggests the potential distribution of iron ore in that area.Industrial Annals of Dongping County (2006). Distribution and Exploration Planning Map of Mineral Resources in Dongping County
Zhoucheng Subdistrict experiences a warm temperate continental monsoon climate. The average annual precipitation is 667 millimeters, with the highest rainfall in July, averaging 208 millimeters, and the lowest in January, with only 2 millimeters.{{Cite journal |date=2016-01-30 |title=NASA Earth Observations: Rainfall (1 month - TRMM) |url=http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M |journal=NASA/Tropical Rainfall Monitoring Mission |language=zh |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200510015436/https://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/view.php?datasetId=TRMM_3B43M |archive-date=2020-05-10}} The average annual temperature is 14 °C, with July being the warmest month at an average of 26 °C, and January the coldest, averaging -2 °C.{{Cite journal |date=2016-01-30 |title=NASA Earth Observations Data Set Index |url=http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php |journal=NASA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203154449/http://neo.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/dataset_index.php |archive-date=2016-02-03}} Natural disasters in the area include hailstorms, droughts, floods, windstorms, frosts, and lightning strikes. Hailstorms, occurring on average once every three years, are most common in May and June.
Administrative division
Zhoucheng Subdistrict administers 71 administrative villages and 80 natural villages. The administrative villages under Zhoucheng Subdistrict are as follows:
Hehua Lou Village, Sungang Village, Renhezui Village, Zhifang Village, Wuzhuang Village, Lumaofen Village, Chenfang Village, Sunmiao Village, Jielou Village, Xizhengzhuang Village, Wang Taoyuan Village, Li Taoyuan Village, Shi Taoyuan Village, Chen Di Village, Shiliulin Village, Chen Liulin Village, Yu Hai Village, Zhang Liulin Village, Shuanglou Village, Liutaoyuan Village, Danlou Village, Hou Heya Village, Tianzhuang Village, Dongzhengzhuang Village, Wuman Village, Menglou Village, Gaozhuang Village, Jiahe Village, Qizhuang Village, Mazhuang Village, Houlianhuawan Village, Qianlianhuawan Village, Daliangzhuang Village, Wanglouxi Village, Jiehekou Village, Makou Village, Zhanglou Village, Mengzhuang Village, Wanglou Village, Liangchang Village, Wangzhuang Village, Haizi Village, Zhan Yuan Village, Fenglou Village, Duyao Wa Village, Wang Yao Wa Village, Gezhen Yuan Village, Tingpo Village, Liangcun Village, Yangzhuang Village, Fuzhuang Village, Liulou Village, Ronghua Shu Village, Zhang Quan Village, Lou Cha Village, Zhangzhuang Village, Xuzhuang Village, Paifang Village, Nanmen Village, Guanmiao Village, Guijingsi Village, Nanguan Village, Nanzhuang Village, Xiguan Village, Daximen Village, Beimen Village, Ximen Village, Dadiangmen Village, Wenmiao Village, Dasizhuang Village, Xiaodongmen Village.
Economy
File:精准扶贫就业点.jpg employment point.]]
In 2018, the local fiscal revenue of the Zhoucheng Subdistrict was 19.06 million yuan.2019 Statistic Annual Report of Tai'an. In agriculture, as of 2015, Zhoucheng Subdistrict had approximately 57,000 mu (around 3,800 hectares) of arable land. In 2012, the agricultural output value was 240 million yuan, the livestock output value was 210 million yuan, and the forestry output value was 12.6 million yuan. Grain production was 58,000 tons, while the total production of meat and poultry eggs was 5,400 tons and 3,700 tons, respectively. The per capita net income of farmers was 9,146 yuan. By 2016, the per capita cash income of farmers in Zhoucheng Subdistrict had reached 14,362 yuan.Annals of 2017 In the commercial sector, in 2011, Zhoucheng Subdistrict had 1,600 commercial outlets and four large-scale markets. The total social commodity sales amounted to 800 million yuan that year.
Regarding industry, before 1958, handicrafts were the primary industrial activity in the area. In 1958, Chengguan Commune was established, leading to the creation of communal enterprises such as machinery factories, brick and tile factories, and welfare factories. Subsequently, the machinery factory was handed over to the production brigade, and the brick and tile factory and weaving factory were transferred to the Dongping County Civil Affairs Bureau or the Dongping Handicraft Industry Cooperative. Only the Chengguan Farm Machinery Factory remained as a communal enterprise, and in 1976, five more communal enterprises were established. After the people's commune was dissolved, these enterprises were transformed into town-run enterprises. By 1992, Zhoucheng Subdistrict had eight key town-run enterprises with an industrial output value of 12.76 million yuan.Industrial Annals of Dongping County (2006). Distribution and Exploration Planning Map of Mineral Resources in Dongping County, p. 410-411 After 1998, town-run enterprises gradually transformed into private enterprises. By 2016, the main business income of Zhoucheng Subdistrict's industrial enterprises was 13.94 billion yuan, with major industries including textiles, papermaking, toys, clothing, machinery, wood processing, and mineral water production.Encyclopedia of Political Divisions (政区大典).
Demography
In 2018, the registered population of Zhoucheng Subdistrict was 61,559 people. The majority of Zhoucheng Subdistrict's population is Han Chinese, with smaller populations of other ethnic groups such as Hui, Manchu, and Zhuang. Zhoucheng is one of the main residential areas for the Hui ethnic group in Dongping County, and Beimen Village in Zhoucheng Subdistrict is a Hui ethnic village.Ethnic groups and religion annual report of 2012. In 2011, out of the 61,000 people in Zhoucheng Street, 60,201 were Han Chinese, constituting 98.9% of the total population, and 785 were Hui, making up 1.1% of the total population. In that year, the birth rate was 13.9‰, the death rate was 7.65‰, resulting in a natural growth rate of 5.44‰.
During the 2010 Chinese Sixth National Population Census, Zhoucheng Subdistrict had a total population of 53,699 people, residing in 15,041 households, with an average of 3.43 people per household. Children under the age of 14 numbered 7,865, accounting for 14.64% of the total population; those aged 15–64 were 39,800, making up 74.11% of the total population; and those aged 65 and above were 6,034, representing 11.23% of the total population. There were 26,330 males, constituting 49.03% of the total population, and 27,369 females, making up 50.96% of the total population. Among the locally residing population, 52,205 people held local household registration, accounting for 97.21%.2010 China Population Census Data by Subdistrict, Town, and Street, Table 15 Population of Townships, Towns, and Streets in Shandong Province.
During the 2000 Chinese Fifth National Population Census, Zhoucheng Subdistrict had 15,857 households and a total population of 56,799 people. Over the next decade, the population of Zhoucheng Subdistrict decreased by 3,100 people, with a decline in the proportion of children under the age of 14 and an increase in the proportion of the working-age population aged 15 to 64.{{Cite web |last=中华人民共和国统计局 |date=2000 |title=山东省乡、镇、街道人口(中华人民共和国第五次全国人口普查数据) |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/renkoupucha/2000jiedao/html/J37.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407120301/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/renkoupucha/2000jiedao/html/J37.htm |archive-date=2012-04-07 |language=zh}}
Infrastructure
In 2018, Zhoucheng Subdistrict had a total of 39 medical and health institutions, including 588 hospital beds and 167 practicing physicians. In 2012, there were two county-owned hospitals in Zhoucheng Subdistrict, namely the Dongping County First People's Hospital and the Dongping County Mental Hospital.{{Cite web |date=2019-11-27 |title=州城街道社区卫生服务中心:建设特色专科 护佑群众健康 |url=http://www.dongping.gov.cn/art/2019/11/27/art_47104_7780784.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501064949/http://www.dongping.gov.cn/art/2019/11/27/art_47104_7780784.html |archive-date=2021-05-01 |access-date=2020-02-05 |website=东平县人民政府 |language=zh}} There was also a health center, the Zhoucheng Subdistrict Community Health Service Center, and more than 30 village-level health rooms or clinics.
Zhoucheng Subdistrict has one high school, Dongping No. 1 High School. In 2003, the school had 46 teaching classes with a total of 3,163 students.Dongping County Gazetteer (2003), Selection of Primary and Secondary Schools{{Cite web |last=东平县第一中学 |date=2019-09-27 |title=东平一中服务指南 |url=http://www.dongping.gov.cn/art/2019/9/27/art_92211_7206620.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200708225029/http://www.dongping.gov.cn/art/2019/9/27/art_92211_7206620.html |archive-date=2020-07-08 |access-date=2020-02-03 |website=东平县人民政府 |language=zh}} At the end of 2011, there were two junior high schools in Zhoucheng Subdistrict with 2,265 students, as well as 13 kindergartens. In 2018, Zhoucheng Subdistrict had five elementary schools with a total of 104 full-time elementary school teachers. The subdistrict also features various cultural facilities, including cultural stations, cultural centers, libraries, farmer night schools, and mutual aid institutions. Additionally, it has a broadcasting television station.
Within Zhoucheng Subdistrict's jurisdiction, there are three provincial-level roads: 255 Provincial Road, 250 Provincial Road, and 331 Provincial Road. Among them, Provincial Road 331 runs through Zhoucheng Subdistrict from east to west. The Jinan-Guangzhou Expressway and Jinyulu Railway also pass through the administrative area of Zhoucheng Subdistrict.{{Cite book |last=山东省东平县地名委员会 |title=东平县地图 |year=2010 |pages=1 |language=zh}} Zhoucheng Subdistrict has achieved electricity access for every village, with an average electricity consumption of 205 kWh per person in 1993.1993 annual report - Transportation and telecommunications.
Culture
Within the boundaries of Zhoucheng Subdistrict in Dongping County, there are county-level intangible cultural heritages, including local folk legends such as the legend of Zhoucheng and the legend of Guijingsi, as well as traditional arts like Du (杜) family clay sculptures,Dongping Scenery and Customs: [http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=10&rec=117&run=13 Clay Sculpture and Clay Figures of Du] handmade paper cutting in the South Gate of Zhoucheng,Dongping Scenery and Customs: [http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=10&rec=119&run=13 Painting and Paper Cutting] and Shandong Kuaishu (a type of traditional narrative storytelling). Zhoucheng pancake, Dongping fermented fish, and Dongping porridge are famous local snacks in Zhoucheng.{{Cite web |date=2011-02-23 |title=州城糟鱼 |url=http://www.taian.gov.cn/art/2011/2/23/art_55556_4080277.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200708225311/http://www.taian.gov.cn/art/2011/2/23/art_55556_4080277.html |archive-date=2020-07-08 |access-date=2020-02-01 |website=泰安市人民政府 |language=zh}} The techniques for making Zhoucheng pancakes and Dongping fermented fish have been listed as county-level intangible cultural heritages in Dongping County.Jiang Guanzhi et al., "Adorable Dongping", p. 37-39. "Shuai Er Gui" (摔二鬼) is a famous local folk art in Zhoucheng. Two fake figurines are placed on a wooden frame, and performers carry these figurines on their backs to demonstrate wrestling. This skill has been passed down for about two centuries{{Cite news |date=2015-04-08 |title=关于进一步促进泰安市文化产业发展的思考 |language=zh |work=中国经济时报 |url=http://taian.dzwww.com/2013sy/taxw/201504/t20150408_12181899.html |access-date=2020-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203164415/http://taian.dzwww.com/2013sy/taxw/201504/t20150408_12181899.html |archive-date=2020-02-03}} and was included in the first batch of Tai'an city-level intangible cultural heritages in 2006.{{Cite web |date=2019-04-18 |title=东平"摔二鬼" |url=http://www.1545ts.cn/contents/1218/359269.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065002/http://www.1545ts.cn/contents/1218/359269.html |archive-date=2021-05-01 |access-date=2020-02-09 |website=泰安旅游文化网 |language=zh}}
In the Zhoucheng Subdistrict, some residents follow Christian and Islamic faiths. Within the city of Zhoucheng, there is an Islamic place of worship, namely the Zhoucheng Mosque.Dongping Scenery and Customs: [http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=10&rec=98&run=13 Islam] Protestant Christianity also has activity places in Guijingsi Village and Fenglou Village.Dongping Scenery and Customs: Christianity
Historic heritage and tourism
File:City of Dongping in 1971 by CORONA satellite.jpg
Zhoucheng Subdistrict in Dongping County is noted for its rich cultural and historical heritage, which is actively preserved and promoted through various initiatives. One of its key cultural relics is the Zhoucheng Mosque, recognized as a city-level cultural relic protection unit in Tai'an. Additionally, there are three county-level cultural relic protection units: Yongji Bridge, a Ming dynasty bridge that remains in use; Zhoucheng Stone Carvings, which reflect the area's historical artistry; and the birthplace of the CCP's Work Committee,{{Cite web |date=2019-01-10 |title=【公共文化体育-公共文化体育名录信息】东平文保单位统计 |url=http://www.dongping.gov.cn/art/2019/1/10/art_65250_6160492.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210112142020/http://www.dongping.gov.cn/art/2019/1/10/art_65250_6160492.html |archive-date=2021-01-12 |access-date=2020-01-31 |website=东平县人民政府 |language=zh}} marking an important site in the early history of the Communist movement.{{Cite web |last=东平县文化和旅游局 |date=2020-09-28 |title=东平县尚未核定为文物保护单位的不可移动文物名录 |url=http://www.dongping.gov.cn/module/download/downfile.jsp?classid=0&filename=c2283b7d361845aab8c38de2dbee3fc7.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205173523/http://www.dongping.gov.cn/module/download/downfile.jsp?classid=0&filename=c2283b7d361845aab8c38de2dbee3fc7.pdf |archive-date=2021-02-05 |access-date=2021-01-09 |language=zh}}
During the Song dynasty, Zhoucheng was initially built with earth fortifications, featuring six city gates. However, these fortifications were damaged at the end of the Yuan dynasty due to warfare. They were reconstructed during the Hongxi period of the Ming dynasty and again during the Qianlong period of the Qing dynasty, with the city wall rebuilt using bricks.Official website. In May 1945, after the CCP took control of Zhoucheng, they dismantled the city walls to prevent other forces from using them as strongholds. Today, there are no remnants of the original city walls or gates. The current Gongji Gate and Zhoucheng Subdistrict walls were reconstructed in modern times for tourism development.{{Cite web |date=2010-12-03 |title=东平千年宋城(图) |url=http://news.iqilu.com/shandong/17pic/2010/1203/373045.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200627155228/http://news.iqilu.com/shandong/17pic/2010/1203/373045.shtml |archive-date=2020-06-27 |access-date=2020-02-10 |website=齐鲁网 |language=zh}} Historically, Zhoucheng had a significant number of buildings and cultural relics, including 72 archways, with notable examples being the Father-Son Top Scholars Arch and the Dragon Gate Leap Arch. The Father-Son Top Scholars Arch was built in honor of the rare father-son top scholars Liang Hao and Liang Gu during the Song dynasty. Originally made of wood, it was rebuilt with stone during the Qing dynasty.Dongping Famous Scenic Spots and Historical Sites, p.149-151{{Cite news |date=2012-04-06 |title=历史佳话:中国史上唯一的一对"父子状元" |language=zh |work=东北网 |url=http://www.bjdclib.com/dclib/subjectdb/exam/examlow/201204/t20120406_120075.html |access-date=2020-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017204222/http://www.bjdclib.com/dclib/subjectdb/exam/examlow/201204/t20120406_120075.html |archive-date=2012-10-17}} The Dragon Gate Leap Arch was built in honor of the Ming dynasty scholar Wu Zhi. Both archways were destroyed during the Cultural Revolution and have been reconstructed in modern times.Memorial arch of Dongping There were originally over 20 ancient buildings within the city of Zhoucheng, including Guan Di Temple, Fire God Temple, Confucius Temple, and Magong Temple. However, most of these buildings were destroyed during warfare or the Cultural Revolution. Only a few, like the Zhoucheng Mosque and Guijingsi, have been preserved to this day.1993 annual reports, Science, Education and Culture. Outside the South Gate of Zhoucheng, there are two ancient bridges: Yongji Bridge, built during the Ming dynasty, and Nanmen Bridge, built during the Yuan dynasty. Both of these bridges are still in use today.Dongping Famous Scenic Spots and Historical Sites, p. 164-168
In 2011, the Dongping County Work Committee Memorial Hall was established at the former residence of Wan Li,Touring through Ancient Styles and Contemporary Charm{{Cite web |title=东平县工委纪念馆暨万里旧居落成 |url=http://liaocheng.dzwww.com/xinwen/sdxw/201106/t20110627_6433076.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203145610/http://liaocheng.dzwww.com/xinwen/sdxw/201106/t20110627_6433076.htm |archive-date=2020-02-03 |access-date=2020-02-04 |language=zh}} where the precursor of the CCP's Dongping County Committee,{{Cite news |last=薛瑞 |date=2015-07-23 |title=东平人民昨日送别万里 已有上万人到万里故居致哀 |language=zh |work=齐鲁晚报 |url=http://taian.dzwww.com/2013sy/taxw/201507/t20150723_12748009.html |access-date=2020-02-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203164345/http://taian.dzwww.com/2013sy/taxw/201507/t20150723_12748009.html |archive-date=2020-02-03}} the East Ping Work Committee, was founded in 1937.{{cn|date=February 2025}}
For the development of tourism, Zhoucheng Subdistrict reconstructed parts of the city wall and city gates. They also constructed a 5-kilometer-long antique-style "Ten-Li Song Subdistrict", with over 30 cultural industry merchants along the street. Within the city, there are also antique trading markets and a Folk Stone Carving Museum. The Folk Stone Carving Museum houses over 100 stone tablets and carvings,{{Cite news |last=东平县人民政府办公室 |date=2018-02-11 |title=州城街道概况 |language=zh |work=东平县人民政府 |url=http://www.dongping.gov.cn/art/2018/2/11/art_51621_4715674.html |access-date=2020-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200708225415/http://www.dongping.gov.cn/art/2018/2/11/art_51621_4715674.html |archive-date=2020-07-08}} while the Dongping Museum has collected more than 6,000 cultural relics within Zhoucheng Subdistrict.{{Cite web |title=东平县州城古玩街开市 惊现"红山文化"玉握 |url=http://taian.dzwww.com/qxmz/201309/t20130926_8933708.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203164343/http://taian.dzwww.com/qxmz/201309/t20130926_8933708.html |archive-date=2020-02-03 |access-date=2020-02-04 |language=zh}} In recognition of its efforts in tourism and environmental beautification, Zhoucheng Subdistrict was honored as an environmentally beautiful town in Shandong Province in 2008 and was designated a strong tourist town by the Shandong Provincial Tourism Bureau in 2012.Tourism-Strong Subdistrict.2012 annual report, Environmental protection
File:父子状元牌坊.jpg|The "Father-Son Top Scholars Arch" was initially constructed during the Song dynasty, but it was later renovated into a stone arch during the Qing dynasty. Unfortunately, it suffered damage during the Cultural Revolution. The current archway was reconstructed in 1997.
File:州城清真寺.jpg|The Zhoucheng Mosque, also known as Dongping Mosque, was initially constructed during the Ming dynasty and is now a city-level cultural relic protection unit.
File:万里故居 2020-04.jpg|Wan Li's former residence, where the Dongping County Committee of the CCP was also established, is now a city-level cultural relic protection unit.
File:桂井子.jpg|Guijingsi, it is said to have been established during the Jin dynasty.
File:东平州城 05.jpg|Shi-Li Song Street and the city gates of Zhoucheng. Zhoucheng was initially constructed in the year 1000 AD. However, it was dismantled after the Anti-Japanese War, and the city gates and walls shown in the image have all been reconstructed in modern times.
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- {{Cite book |last=汶上县志编纂委员会 |url=http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c87&A=1&rec=11&run=13 |title=《汶上县志》 |publisher=中州古籍出版社 |trans-title=Wenshang County Annals |access-date=2020-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512001742/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c87&A=1&rec=11&run=13 |archive-date=2021-05-12}}
- {{Cite book |last=梁山县志编纂委员会 |url=http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c89&A=1&rec=10&run=13 |title=《梁山县志》 |publisher=新华出版社 |language=zh |trans-title=Liangshan County Annals |access-date=2020-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210512001733/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c89&A=1&rec=10&run=13 |archive-date=2021-05-12}}
- {{Cite book |last=彭集镇志编纂委员会 |url=http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=%u6881%u6751&K=c94&A=2&run=12 |title=《彭集镇志》 |publisher=山东地图出版社 |year=2001 |edition=7-80532-516-2 |trans-title=Pengji Town Annals |access-date=2020-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501065430/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=%25u6881%25u6751&K=c94&A=2&run=12 |archive-date=2021-05-01}}
- {{Cite book |last=山东省泰安市地方志编纂委员会 |url=http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=b9&A=2&run=12#0 |title=《泰安地区志》 |publisher=齐鲁书社 |year=1997 |language=zh |trans-title=Tai'an Regional Annals |access-date=2020-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614043815/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=b9&A=2&run=12 |archive-date=2018-06-14}}
- {{Cite book |last=《中国政区大典》编委会 |title=《中国政区大典 第二册》 |publisher=浙江人民出版社 |year=1999 |isbn=7-213-01789-6 |language=zh |trans-title=Chinese Administrative Division Encyclopedia, Volume 2"}}
- {{Cite book |last=中华人民共和国民政部 |title=《中华人民共和国政区大典·山东省卷》 |publisher=中国社会出版社 |year=2015 |isbn=978-7-5087-4938-9 |editor-last=李立国等 |location=Beijing |language=zh |trans-title=Encyclopedia of the People's Republic of China Administrative Divisions, Shandong Province Volume}}
- {{Cite book |last=中国国务院人口普查办公室、中国国家统计局人口就业统计司等 |title=《中国2010年人口普查分乡、镇、街道资料》 |year=2010 |language=zh |trans-title=2010 China Population Census Data by Township, Town, and Street |access-date=}}
- {{Cite book |last=王龙、姜广志等 |title=《可爱的东平》 |publisher=山东教育出版社 |year=2009 |isbn=978-7-5328-6473-7 |location=Jinan |language=zh |trans-title=Adorable Dongping}}
- {{Cite book |last=王玉芬 |url=http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=f063&A=38&run=12#0 |title=《京杭运河·运河风情(东平卷)》 |publisher=山东人民出版社 |year=2013 |isbn=978-7-209-06509-2 |editor-last=王德椿 |location=Jinan |language=zh |trans-title=Grand Canal: Canal Culture (Dongping Volume) |access-date=2020-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200708225543/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=f063&A=38&run=12 |archive-date=2020-07-08}}
- {{Cite book |last=中共东平县委党史办公室 |title=《中共东平地方史》 |publisher=中国出版社 |year=2005 |language=zh |trans-title=Local History of the Chinese Communist Party in Dongping}}
- {{Cite book |last=东平县军事志编纂委员会编 |title=《东平县军事志》 |year=2012 |language=zh |trans-title=Military Annals of Dongping County |id=内部SDJSZ2010-035-01006}}
- {{Cite book |last=中共东平县委党史办公室 |url=http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=9&run=12#0 |title=《东原星火—万里同志早期革命活动资料》 |year=2016 |language=zh |trans-title=East Original Spark - Early Revolutionary Activities Data of Comrade Wan Li |access-date=2020-02-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201044123/http://lib.sdsqw.cn/bin/mse.exe?seachword=&K=c94&A=9&run=12 |archive-date=2017-12-01}}
External links
{{Commons}}{{Geographic Location (8-way)|WEST=Dongping Lake|N=Laohu Town, Dongping Subdistrict|Centre=Zhoucheng Subdistrict|S=Xinhu Town|SOUTHEAST=Shahezhan Town|EAST=Pengji Subdistrict}}{{Spoken Wikipedia|date=January 27, 2021|Zh-Dongping dialact-州城街道.ogg}}
Category:Subdistricts of the People's Republic of China