Zodiac (cipher)
{{short description|Block cipher designed in 2000 by Chang-Hyi Lee}}
{{About|the block cipher|the messages sent by an at-large serial killer|Zodiac Killer|other uses|Zodiac (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox block cipher
| name = Zodiac
| designers = Chang-Hyi Lee
| publish date = 2000
| derived to =
| related to = Xenon
| key size = 128, 192, or 256 bits
| block size = 128 bits
| structure = Feistel network
| rounds = 16
| cryptanalysis = Impossible differential cryptanalysis recovers 128-bit key in 2119 encryptions
}}
In cryptography, Zodiac is a block cipher designed in 2000 by Chang-Hyi Lee for the Korean firm SoftForum.
Zodiac uses a 16-round Feistel network structure with key whitening. The round function uses only XORs and S-box lookups. There are two 8×8-bit S-boxes: one based on the discrete exponentiation 45x as in SAFER, the other using the multiplicative inverse in the finite field GF(28), as introduced by SHARK.
Zodiac is theoretically vulnerable to impossible differential cryptanalysis, which can recover a 128-bit key in 2119 encryptions.
References
- {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/*/www.softforum.com/english/download/Zodiac_V1.0.pdf |date=* |title=Zodiac Technical Material (PDF) }}
- {{cite conference
| author = Deukjo Hong
| author2 = Jaechul Sung
| author3 = Shiho Moriai
| author4 = Sangjin Lee
| author5 = Jongin Lim
| name-list-style = amp
| title = Impossible Differential Cryptanalysis of Zodiac
| conference = 8th International Workshop on Fast Software Encryption (FSE 2001)
| pages = 300–311
| publisher = Springer-Verlag
| date = April 2001
| location = Yokohama
| url = http://www.mathmagic.cn/Crypt1998-2003/bibs/2355/23550300.htm
| format = PDF
| doi = 10.1007/3-540-45473-X_25
| isbn = 9783540438694
| doi-access = free
| access-date = 2007-09-14
| archive-date = 2007-12-13
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071213222753/http://www.mathmagic.cn/Crypt1998-2003/bibs/2355/23550300.htm
| url-status = dead
| url-access = subscription
}}
Further reading
- {{cite journal|title=Cryptography and Information Security. Impossible Differential Cryptanalysis of Zodiac.|vauthors=HONG D, SUNG J, MORIAI S, LEE S, LIM J|journal=IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences|volume=E85-A|issue=1|pages=38–43|year=2002}}
- {{cite book|chapter=Square Attack on Reduced-Round Zodiac Cipher|publisher=Springer|title=Information Security Practice and Experience|year=2008|isbn=978-3-540-79103-4|doi=10.1007/978-3-540-79104-1_27|pages=377–391|author=Wen Ji|author2=Lei Hu|series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science |volume=4991 |name-list-style=amp}}
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