Yokohama

{{Short description|Designated city in Kantō, Japan}}

{{About|the capital city of Kanagawa Prefecture|other uses|Yokohama (disambiguation)}}

{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2012}}

{{Infobox settlement

| name = Yokohama

| native_name = {{nihongo2|横浜市}}

| official_name = City of Yokohama

| settlement_type = Designated city

| image_skyline = {{multiple image

| border = infobox

| total_width = 270

| perrow = 1/2/2

| image1 = 070203 MM21&FUJI-2.jpg

| alt1 = Minato Mirai 21

| caption1 = Minato Mirai 21

| image2 = Ocean liner marine tower yokohama.jpg

| alt2 = Hikawamaru moored at Yamashita Park and Yokohama Marine Tower

| caption2 = Hikawa Maru moored at Yamashita Park

| image3 = Japon Yokohama1.jpg

| alt3 = Nippon Maru Memorial Park

| caption3 = Nippon Maru

| image4 = Yokohama Baybridge 20250210.jpg

| alt4 = Yokohama Bay Bridge

| caption4 = Bay Bridge

| image5 = Yokohama Chinatowns East Gate At Night.jpg

| alt5 = Yokohama Chinatown

| caption5 = Chinatown

| image6 = 58 Honmokusannotani, Naka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa-ken 231-0824, Japan - panoramio (1).jpg

| alt6 = Sankei-en

| caption6 = Sankei-en

| image7 = 2024 Yokohama Port Opening Memorial Hall.jpg

| alt7 = Yokohama Port Memorial Hall

| caption7 = Yokohama Port Memorial Hall

| image8 = Interior of Xpark- 06.2024-06-11.jpg

| alt8 = Hakkeijima Sea Paradise

| caption8 = Hakkeijima Sea Paradise

| image9 = Kanagawa prefectural office02s3200.jpg

| alt9 = Kannai

| caption9 = Kannai

}}

| imagesize =

| image_alt =

| image_caption =

| image_flag = Flag of Yokohama, Japan.svg

| flag_size = 120px

| flag_alt =

| image_seal = 横浜市き章.svg

| seal_alt =

| image_shield =

| shield_alt =

| nickname =

| motto =

| image_map = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=9}}

| image_map1 = Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture Ja.svg

| map_alt1 =

| map_caption1 = Map of Kanagawa Prefecture with Yokohama highlighted in purple

| pushpin_map = Japan#Asia

| pushpin_map_alt =

| pushpin_map_caption =  

| coordinates = {{coord|35|26|39|N|139|38|17|E|region:JP-14|display=it}}

| coor_pinpoint =

| coordinates_footnotes =

| subdivision_type = Country

| subdivision_name = Japan

| subdivision_type1 = Region

| subdivision_name1 = Kantō

| subdivision_type2 = Prefecture

| subdivision_name2 = Kanagawa

| established_title =

| established_date =

| founder =

| named_for =

| seat_type =

| seat =

| government_footnotes =

| leader_party =

| leader_title = Mayor

| leader_name = Takeharu Yamanaka

| leader_title1 =

| leader_name1 =

| total_type =

| unit_pref = Metric

| area_footnotes =

| area_total_km2 = 437.38

| area_land_km2 =

| area_water_km2 =

| area_water_percent =

| area_note =

| elevation_footnotes =

| elevation_m =

| population_footnotes =

| population_total = 3769595

| population_as_of = January 1, 2023

| population_density_km2 = 8606

| population_est =

| pop_est_as_of =

| population_demonym =

| population_note =

| timezone1 = Japan Standard Time

| utc_offset1 = +9

| postal_code_type =

| postal_code =

| area_code_type =

| area_code =

| blank_name_sec1 = City Symbols

| blank1_name_sec1 = – Tree

| blank1_info_sec1 = Camellia, Chinquapin, Sangoju
Sasanqua, Ginkgo, Zelkova

| blank2_name_sec1 = – Flower

| blank2_info_sec1 = Dahlia
Rose

| blank1_name_sec2 = Address

| blank1_info_sec2 = 6-50-10 Honchō, Naka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa-ken
231-0005

| website = {{URL|http://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/}}

| footnotes =

}}

{{Infobox Chinese

| pic = Yokohama (Chinese characters).svg

| piccap = "Yokohama" in new-style (shinjitai) kanji

| picupright = 0.425

| kyujitai = 橫濱

| shinjitai = 横浜

| romaji = Yokohama

}}

{{Nihongo|Yokohama|横浜||{{IPA|ja|jokohama|pron|ja-Yokohama.ogg}}|lead=yes}} is the second-largest city in Japan by population{{cite web |url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/yokohama |title=YOKOHAMA | Meaning & Definition for UK English | Lexico.com |publisher=En.oxforddictionaries.com |date= |accessdate=2022-02-19 |archive-date=April 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401093507/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/yokohama |url-status=live }} as well as by area, and the country's most populous municipality.{{efn|Although Tokyo has over 10 million more people than Yokohama, there has been no single Tokyo municipality since 1943.}} It is the capital and most populous city in Kanagawa Prefecture, with a population of 3.7 million in 2023. It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of Tokyo, in the Kantō region of the main island of Honshu. Yokohama is also the major economic, cultural, and commercial hub of the Greater Tokyo Area along the Keihin Industrial Zone.

Yokohama was one of the cities to open for trade with the West following the 1859 end of the policy of seclusion and has since been known as a cosmopolitan port city, after Kobe opened in 1853. Yokohama is the home of many Japan's firsts in the Meiji period, including the first foreign trading port and Chinatown (1859), European-style sport venues (1860s), English-language newspaper (1861), confectionery and beer manufacturing (1865), daily newspaper (1870), gas-powered street lamps (1870s), railway station (1872), and power plant (1882). Yokohama developed rapidly as Japan's prominent port city following the end of Japan's relative isolation in the mid-19th century and is today one of its major ports along with Kobe, Osaka, Nagoya, Fukuoka, Tokyo and Chiba.

Yokohama is the largest port city and high tech industrial hub in the Greater Tokyo Area and the Kantō region. The city proper is headquarters to companies such as Isuzu, Nissan, JVCKenwood, Keikyu, Koei Tecmo, Sotetsu and Bank of Yokohama. Famous landmarks in Yokohama include Minato Mirai 21, Nippon Maru Memorial Park, Yokohama Chinatown, Motomachi Shopping Street, Yokohama Marine Tower, Yamashita Park, and Ōsanbashi Pier.

Etymology

Yokohama (横浜) means "horizontal beach".{{cite web|url= https://www.japantimes.co.jp/community/1999/05/19/general/memories-of-old-honmoku/#.W0K2LNj-jfY|title= Memories of old Honmoku|publisher= The Japan Times|date= May 19, 1999|access-date= March 3, 2021|archive-date= April 15, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210415063542/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/community/1999/05/19/general/memories-of-old-honmoku/#.W0K2LNj-jfY|url-status= live}} The current area surrounded by Maita Park, the Ōoka River and the Nakamura River have been a gulf divided by a sandbar from the open sea. This sandbar was the original Yokohama fishing village. Since the sandbar protruded perpendicularly from the land, or horizontally when viewed from the sea, it was called a "horizontal beach".{{cite web|url=https://www.rekihaku.city.yokohama.jp/cms_files_zaidn/hasseiden/About_Hasseiden_Local_Musium20160901.pdf|title=Yokohama City History, pg. 3|access-date=July 9, 2018|archive-date=July 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709064720/https://www.rekihaku.city.yokohama.jp/cms_files_zaidn/hasseiden/About_Hasseiden_Local_Musium20160901.pdf|url-status=live}}

History

{{For timeline}}

=Opening of the Treaty Port (1859–1868)=

Before the Europeans arrived, Yokohama was a small fishing village up to the end of the feudal Edo period, when Japan held a policy of national seclusion, having little contact with foreigners.Der Große Brockhaus. 16. edition. Vol. 6. F. A. Brockhaus, Wiesbaden 1955, p. 82 A major turning point in Japanese history happened in 1853–54, when Commodore Matthew Perry arrived just south of Yokohama with a fleet of American warships, demanding that Japan open several ports for commerce, and the Tokugawa shogunate agreed by signing the Treaty of Peace and Amity.{{cite web |url=http://www.city.yokohama.jp/me/kyoiku/library/perry/ |title=Official Yokohama city website it is fresh |publisher=City.yokohama.jp |access-date=May 5, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612234615/http://www.city.yokohama.jp/me/kyoiku/library/perry/ |archive-date=June 12, 2010 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}

It was initially agreed that one of the ports to be opened to foreign ships would be the town of Kanagawa-juku (in what is now Kanagawa Ward) on the Tōkaidō, a strategic highway that linked Edo to Kyoto and Osaka. However, the Tokugawa shogunate decided that Kanagawa-juku was too close to the Tōkaidō for comfort, and port facilities were instead built across the inlet in the fishing village of Yokohama. The Port of Yokohama was officially opened on June 2, 1859.Arita, Erika, "[http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fl20090524x1.html Happy Birthday Yokohama!] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100831235409/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fl20090524x1.html |date=August 31, 2010 }}", The Japan Times, May 24, 2009, p. 7.

Yokohama quickly became the base of foreign trade in Japan. Foreigners initially occupied the low-lying district of the city called Kannai, residential districts later expanding as the settlement grew to incorporate much of the elevated Yamate district overlooking the city, commonly referred to by English-speaking residents as The Bluff. Under pressure from United States and United Kingdom officials, the Tokugawa government built a commercial sex district which opened on November 10, 1859, with 6 brothels and 200 indentured sex workers.{{Cite book |last=Driscoll |first=Mark W. |title=The Whites are Enemies of Heaven: Climate Caucasianism and Asian Ecological Protection |date=2020 |publisher=Duke University Press |isbn=978-1-4780-1121-7 |location=Durham}}{{Rp|page=68}} The area of Yokohama with the highest concentration of brothels was known as Bloodtown.{{Rp|page=67}}

Kannai, the foreign trade and commercial district (literally, inside the barrier), was surrounded by a moat, foreign residents enjoying extraterritorial status both within and outside the compound. Interactions with the local population, particularly young samurai, outside the settlement inevitably caused problems; the Namamugi Incident, one of the events that preceded the downfall of the shogunate, took place in what is now Tsurumi Ward in 1862, and prompted the Bombardment of Kagoshima in 1863.

To protect British commercial and diplomatic interests in Yokohama a military garrison was established in 1862. With the growth in trade increasing numbers of Chinese also came to settle in the city.Fukue, Natsuko, "[http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20090528f1.html Chinese immigrants played vital role] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100824044629/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20090528f1.html |date=August 24, 2010 }}", Japan Times, May 28, 2009, p. 3. Yokohama was the scene of many notable firsts for Japan including the growing acceptance of western fashion, photography by pioneers such as Felice Beato, Japan's first English language newspaper, the Japan Herald published in 1861 and in 1865 the first ice cream confectionery and beer to be produced in Japan.Matsutani, Minoru, "[http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20090529f2.html Yokohama – city on the cutting edge] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826113559/http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nn20090529f2.html |date=August 26, 2010 }}", Japan Times, May 29, 2009, p. 3. Recreational sports introduced to Japan by foreign residents in Yokohama included European style horse racing in 1862, cricket in 1863{{cite news|last1=Galbraith|first1=Michael|title=Death threats sparked Japan's first cricket game|url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/06/16/national/history/death-threats-sparked-japans-first-cricket-game/#.Vv25ETGCjL8|access-date=1 April 2016|newspaper=Japan Times|date=16 June 2013|archive-date=April 1, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401134140/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/06/16/national/history/death-threats-sparked-japans-first-cricket-game/#.Vv25ETGCjL8|url-status=live}} and rugby union in 1866. A great fire destroyed much of the foreign settlement on November 26, 1866, and smallpox was a recurrent public health hazard, but the city continued to grow rapidly – attracting foreigners and Japanese alike.

=Meiji and Taisho periods (1868–1923)=

After the Meiji Restoration of 1868, the port was developed for trading silk, the main trading partner being Great Britain. Western influence and technological transfer contributed to the establishment of Japan's first daily newspaper (1870), first gas-powered street lamps (1872) and Japan's first railway constructed in the same year to connect Yokohama to Shinagawa and Shinbashi in Tokyo. In 1872 Jules Verne portrayed Yokohama, which he had never visited, in an episode of his widely read novel Around the World in Eighty Days, capturing the atmosphere of the fast-developing, internationally oriented Japanese city.

In 1887, a British merchant, Samuel Cocking, built the city's first power plant. At first for his own use, this coal power plant became the basis for the Yokohama Cooperative Electric Light Company. The city was officially incorporated on April 1, 1889.{{cite web|url= https://www.yokohamajapan.com/about/|title= Interesting Tidbits of Yokohama|website= Yokohama Convention & Visitors Bureau| access-date= February 7, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090505110044/https://www.yokohamajapan.com/about/ | archive-date=May 5, 2009}} By the time the extraterritoriality of foreigner areas was abolished in 1899, Yokohama was the most international city in Japan, with foreigner areas stretching from Kannai to the Bluff area and the large Yokohama Chinatown.

The early 20th century was marked by rapid growth of industry. Entrepreneurs built factories along reclaimed land to the north of the city toward Kawasaki, which eventually grew to be the Keihin Industrial Area. The growth of Japanese industry brought affluence, and many wealthy trading families constructed sprawling residences there, while the rapid influx of population from Japan and Korea also led to the formation of Kojiki-Yato, then the largest slum in Japan.

File:Kusakabe Kimbei - Yokohama Foreign Settlement Pano.jpg

=Great Kantō earthquake and the Second World War (1923–1945)=

File:80-G-473746 (TR-15632) (22324277654).jpg

Much of Yokohama was destroyed on September 1, 1923, by the Great Kantō earthquake. The Yokohama police reported casualties at 30,771 dead and 47,908 injured, out of a pre-earthquake population of 434,170.Hammer, Joshua. (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=6O8VyhDbUPgC&q=Tokyo+1923&pg=PA243 Yokohama Burning: The Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II, p. 143.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205103140/https://books.google.com/books?id=6O8VyhDbUPgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Tokyo+1923&lr=&source=gbs_summary_r#PPA243,M1 |date=February 5, 2017 }} Fuelled by rumors of rebellion and sabotage, vigilante mobs thereupon murdered many Koreans in the Kojiki-yato slum.Hammer, [https://books.google.com/books?id=6O8VyhDbUPgC&q=Tokyo+1923&pg=PA149 pp. 149] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170205103140/https://books.google.com/books?id=6O8VyhDbUPgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Tokyo+1923&lr=&source=gbs_summary_r#PPA149,M1 |date=February 5, 2017 }}-170. Many people believed that Koreans used black magic to cause the earthquake. Martial law was in place until November 19. Rubble from the quake was used to reclaim land for parks, the most famous being the Yamashita Park on the waterfront which opened in 1930.

Yokohama was rebuilt, only to be destroyed again by U.S. air raids during World War II. The first bombing was in the April 18, 1942 Doolittle Raid. An estimated 7,000–8,000 people were killed in a single morning on May 29, 1945, in what is now known as the Great Yokohama Air Raid, when B-29s firebombed the city and in just one hour and nine minutes, reducing 42% of it to rubble.

=Postwar growth and development=

File:The night view of Minato Mirai 21.jpg.]]

During the American occupation, Yokohama was a major transshipment base for American supplies and personnel, especially during the Korean War. After the occupation, most local U.S. naval activity moved from Yokohama to an American base in nearby Yokosuka.

Four years after the Treaty of San Francisco signed, the city was designated by government ordinance on September 1, 1956.{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}} The city's tram and trolleybus system was abolished in 1972, the same year as the opening of the first line of Yokohama Municipal Subway. Construction of Minato Mirai 21 ("Port Future 21"), a major urban development project on reclaimed land started in 1983, nicknamed the "Philadelphia and Boston of the Orient" was compared to Center City, Philadelphia and Downtown Boston located in the East Coast of the United States. Minato Mirai 21 hosted the Yokohama Exotic Showcase in 1989, which saw the first public operation of maglev trains in Japan and the opening of Cosmo Clock 21, then the tallest Ferris wheel in the world. The {{convert|860|m|ft|adj=mid|-long}} Yokohama Bay Bridge opened in the same year. In 1993, Minato Mirai 21 saw the opening of the Yokohama Landmark Tower, the second-tallest building in Japan.

The 2002 FIFA World Cup final was held in June at the International Stadium Yokohama. In 2009, the city marked the 150th anniversary of the opening of the port and the 120th anniversary of the commencement of the City Administration. An early part in the commemoration project incorporated the Fourth Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD IV), which was held in Yokohama in May 2008. In November 2010, Yokohama hosted the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) meeting.

Geography

=Topography=

Yokohama has a total area of {{convert|437.38|km2|mi2|abbr=on}} at an elevation of {{convert|5|m|ft}} above sea level. It is the capital of Kanagawa Prefecture, bordered to the east by Tokyo Bay and located in the middle of the Kantō plain. The city is surrounded by hills and the characteristic mountain system of the island of Honshū, so its growth has been limited and it has had to gain ground from the sea. This also affects the population density, one of the highest in Japan with 8,500 inhabitants per km2.

The highest points within the urban boundary are Omaruyama ({{convert|156|m|ft|abbr=on|disp=sqbr}}) and Mount Enkaizan ({{convert|153|m|ft|abbr=on|disp=sqbr}}). The main river is the Tsurumi River, which begins in the Tama Hills and empties into the Pacific Ocean.{{cite web|url= http://www.japanriver.or.jp/EnglishDocument/DB/file/004%20Kanto%2023/02.htm|title= Tsurumi River Multipurpose Retarding Basin|access-date= January 9, 2016|website=japanriver.or.jp|archive-date= September 26, 2017|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170926223749/http://www.japanriver.or.jp/EnglishDocument/DB/file/004%20Kanto%2023/02.htm|url-status= live}}

These municipalities surround Yokohama: Kawasaki, Yokosuka, Zushi, Kamakura, Fujisawa, Yamato, Machida.

=Geology=

The city is very prone to natural phenomena such as earthquakes and tropical cyclones because the island of Honshū has a high level of seismic activity, being in the middle of the Pacific Ring of Fire.

Most seismic movements are of low intensity and are generally not perceived by people. However, Yokohama has experienced two major tremors that reflect the evolution of Earthquake engineering: the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake devastated the city and caused more than 100,000 fatalities throughout the region,{{cite web |title = Collection of 1923 Japan earthquake massacre testimonies released |url = http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_international/601938.html |website = hani.co.kr |access-date = January 8, 2016 |date = September 3, 2013 |archive-date = March 4, 2016 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304133217/http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_international/601938.html |url-status = live }} while the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, with its epicenter on the east coast, was felt in the locality but only material damage was lamented because most buildings were already prepared to withstand them.{{cite web|title = FNN Remembering 3/11: Yokohama station and surrounding areas at time of earthquake occurrence.|url = http://www.fnn-news.com/en/311/kanto/articles/201103110039.html|website = fnn-news.com|access-date = January 10, 2016|archive-date = March 5, 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015603/http://www.fnn-news.com/en/311/kanto/articles/201103110039.html|url-status = live}}

=Climate=

Yokohama features a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa) with hot, humid summers and chilly winters.{{cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=7674&cityname=Yokohama,+Japan|title=Yokohama, Japan Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|website=Weatherbase|access-date=2019-07-09|archive-date=December 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191221101308/http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=7674&cityname=Yokohama,+Japan|url-status=live}} Weatherwise, Yokohama has a pattern of rain, clouds and sun, although in winter, it is surprisingly sunny, more so than Southern Spain. Winter temperatures rarely drop below freezing, while summer can seem quite warm, because of the effects of humidity.{{cite web|url=http://www.yokohama.world-guides.com/yokohama_weather.html|title=Yokohama Weather, When to Go and Yokohama Climate Information|publisher=world-guides.com|access-date=2010-01-11|archive-date=April 30, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430190249/http://www.yokohama.world-guides.com/yokohama_weather.html|url-status=live}} The coldest temperature was on 24 January 1927 when {{convert|-8.2|C|F}} was reached, whilst the hottest day was 11 August 2013 at {{convert|37.4|C|F}}. The highest monthly rainfall was in October 2004 with {{convert|761.5|mm|in|1}}, closely followed by July 1941 with {{convert|753.4|mm|in}}, whilst December and January have recorded no measurable precipitation three times each.

{{Weather box

|width = auto

|location = Yokohama (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1896–present)

|single line = Y

|metric first = Y

|Jan record high C = 20.8

|Feb record high C = 24.8

|Mar record high C = 24.5

|Apr record high C = 28.7

|May record high C = 31.3

|Jun record high C = 36.1

|Jul record high C = 37.2

|Aug record high C = 37.4

|Sep record high C = 36.2

|Oct record high C = 32.4

|Nov record high C = 26.2

|Dec record high C = 23.7

|Jan record low C = -8.2

|Feb record low C = -6.8

|Mar record low C = -4.6

|Apr record low C = -0.5

|May record low C = 3.6

|Jun record low C = 9.2

|Jul record low C = 13.3

|Aug record low C = 15.5

|Sep record low C = 11.2

|Oct record low C = 2.2

|Nov record low C = -2.4

|Dec record low C = -5.6

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 64.7

|Feb precipitation mm = 64.7

|Mar precipitation mm = 139.5

|Apr precipitation mm = 143.1

|May precipitation mm = 152.6

|Jun precipitation mm = 188.8

|Jul precipitation mm = 182.5

|Aug precipitation mm = 139.0

|Sep precipitation mm = 241.5

|Oct precipitation mm = 240.4

|Nov precipitation mm = 107.6

|Dec precipitation mm = 66.4

|year precipitation mm = 1730.8

|Jan mean C = 6.1

|Feb mean C = 6.7

|Mar mean C = 9.7

|Apr mean C = 14.5

|May mean C = 18.8

|Jun mean C = 21.8

|Jul mean C = 25.6

|Aug mean C = 27.0

|Sep mean C = 23.7

|Oct mean C = 18.5

|Nov mean C = 13.4

|Dec mean C = 8.7

|year mean C = 16.2

|Jan high C = 10.2

|Feb high C = 10.8

|Mar high C = 14.0

|Apr high C = 18.9

|May high C = 23.1

|Jun high C = 25.5

|Jul high C = 29.4

|Aug high C = 31.0

|Sep high C = 27.3

|Oct high C = 22.0

|Nov high C = 17.1

|Dec high C = 12.5

|year high C = 20.2

|Jan low C = 2.7

|Feb low C = 3.1

|Mar low C = 6.0

|Apr low C = 10.7

|May low C = 15.5

|Jun low C = 19.1

|Jul low C = 22.9

|Aug low C = 24.3

|Sep low C = 21.0

|Oct low C = 15.7

|Nov low C = 10.1

|Dec low C = 5.2

|year low C = 13.0

|Jan humidity = 53

|Feb humidity = 54

|Mar humidity = 60

|Apr humidity = 65

|May humidity = 70

|Jun humidity = 78

|Jul humidity = 78

|Aug humidity = 76

|Sep humidity = 76

|Oct humidity = 71

|Nov humidity = 65

|Dec humidity = 57

|year humidity = 67

|Jan sun = 192.7

|Feb sun = 167.2

|Mar sun = 168.8

|Apr sun = 181.2

|May sun = 187.4

|Jun sun = 135.9

|Jul sun = 170.9

|Aug sun = 206.4

|Sep sun = 141.2

|Oct sun = 137.3

|Nov sun = 151.1

|Dec sun = 178.1

|year sun = 2018.3

|Jan snow cm = 4

|Feb snow cm = 4

|Mar snow cm = 0

|Apr snow cm = 0

|May snow cm = 0

|Jun snow cm = 0

|Jul snow cm = 0

|Aug snow cm = 0

|Sep snow cm = 0

|Oct snow cm = 0

|Nov snow cm = 0

|Dec snow cm = 0

|year snow cm = 9

|unit precipitation days = 0.5 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 5.7

|Feb precipitation days = 6.3

|Mar precipitation days = 11.0

|Apr precipitation days = 10.7

|May precipitation days = 11.1

|Jun precipitation days = 13.5

|Jul precipitation days = 12.0

|Aug precipitation days = 8.8

|Sep precipitation days = 12.7

|Oct precipitation days = 12.1

|Nov precipitation days = 8.6

|Dec precipitation days = 6.2

|year precipitation days = 118.8

|source 1 = Japan Meteorological Agency{{cite web

| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/index.php?prec_no=46&block_no=47670&year=&month=&day=&view=

| script-title = ja:気象庁 / 平年値(年・月ごとの値)

| publisher = Japan Meteorological Agency

| access-date = May 19, 2021

| archive-date = May 17, 2021

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210517161817/http://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/index.php?prec_no=46&block_no=47670&year=&month=&day=&view=

| url-status = live

}}

}}

Demographics

{{Historical populations

|title = Historical population

|type = Japan

|align = right

|width =

|state =

|shading =

|percentages =

|footnote =

|1870|64602{{cite book |title=Le Japon à l'exposition universelle de 1878. Géographie et histoire du Japon |author= Japanese Imperial Commission |date=1878 |language=fr}}

| 1880 | 72,630

| 1890 | 132,627

| 1900 | 196,653

| 1910 | 403,303

| 1920 | 422,942

|15=1930|16=620,306|19=1940|20=968,091|23=1950|24=951,188|27=1960|28=1,375,710|31=1970|32=2,238,264|35=1980|36=2,773,674|39=1990|40=3,220,331|43=2000|44=3,426,651|47=2010|48=3,688,773|51=2020|52=3,777,491}}

The city's population is 3,772,726 as of 1 June 2024, making it the second-most populated city in the country after Tokyo's 23 special wards. Among Yokohama's 18 wards, the most inhabited was Kohoku with a population of 364,760, followed by Aoba (308,379), Tsurumi (297,230), and Totsuka (282,601). In terms of population density, Nishi and Minami are the most densely populated, with a per square kilometre population exceeding 15,000.{{Cite web |title=令和6(2024)年 人口・世帯数 |url=https://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/city-info/yokohamashi/tokei-chosa/portal/jinko/maitsuki/kako/r6news.html |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=www.city.yokohama.lg.jp |language=ja}} Of Yokohama's population, 1,548,077 work outside the city, while 1,226,618 workers commute from outside the city. As these numbers suggest, some of Yokohama's residential areas are commuter suburbs (or "bed towns" as known in Japanese) for those who work in other major cities, primarily Tokyo.

= Immigration =

As of June 2024, Yokohama's population includes 121,042 foreign nationals, making up 3.2% of the total population, with the number having grown significantly in recent years. While all three countries with the number of nationals living in Yokohama as citizens exceeding 10,000 are all in Asia (China, South Korea, Vietnam), other major countries of origin for Yokohama's non-Japanese residents include Brazil (2,823), the United States (2,793), Peru (1,312), the United Kingdom (840), and Germany (770).{{Cite web |title=令和6(2024)年 外国人の人口 |url=https://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/city-info/yokohamashi/tokei-chosa/portal/jinko/gaikokujin/r6gaikokujin.html |access-date=2024-07-27 |website=www.city.yokohama.lg.jp |language=ja}} There is no official survey of the citizens' countries of birth, hence these numbers do not include naturalized citizens, but they include foreign nationals born outside their country of citizenship.

Administration

{{Multiple image

| image1 = Kanagawa Prefectural Office.jpg

| alt1 = Kanagawa Prefectural Office

| caption1 = Kanagawa Prefectural Office

| image2 = Yokohama City Hall 2021-8-30.jpg

| alt2 = Yokohama City Hall

| caption2 = Yokohama City Hall

| direction = vertical

}}

= Municipal administration =

Yokohama is one of the 20 designated cities in the country, which means the city has many powers that usually belong to prefectural governments, while having wards as subdivisions with administrative functions. Yokohama city consists of 18 wards, with its government seat in Naka Ward. The Yokohama City Council consists of 86 members elected from a total of 18 Wards. The LDP has minority control with 36 seats. The incumbent mayor is Takeharu Yamanaka, who defeated his predecessor Fumiko Hayashi in the 2021 Yokohama mayoral election.

=Wards=

Yokohama has 18 wards (ku):

class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; width:810px;"
colspan="7" | Wards of Yokohama
rowspan="2" |

! colspan="2" | Place Name

!

!

!

!Map of Yokohama

style="width: 190px;" |Rōmaji

! style="width: 190px;" |Kanji

!Population

!Land area in km2

!Pop. density

per km2

!

style="text-align: center;" "width: 20px;" | 1

|Aoba-ku

|青葉区

|302,643

|35.14

|8,610

| rowspan="18" |File:Yokohama Wards.png

style="text-align: center;" | 2

|Asahi-ku

|{{nihongo2|旭区}}

|249,045

|32.77

|7,600

style="text-align: center;" | 3

|Hodogaya-ku

| 保土ヶ谷区

|205,887

|21.81

|9,400

style="text-align: center;" | 4

|Isogo-ku

|{{nihongo2|磯子区}}

|163,406

|19.17

|8,520

5

|Izumi-ku

|泉区

|155,674

|23.51

|6,620

6

|Kanagawa-ku

|神奈川区

|230,401

|23.88

|9,650

7

|Kanazawa-ku

|{{nihongo2|金沢区}}

|209,565

|31.01

|6,760

8

|Kōhoku-ku

|港北区

|332,488

|31.40

|10,588

9

|Kōnan-ku

|港南区

|221,536

|19.87

|11,500

10

|Midori-ku

|緑区

|176,038

|25.42

|6,900

11

|Minami-ku

|{{nihongo2|南区}}

|197,019

|12.67

|15,500

12

|Naka-ku (administrative center)

|中区

|146,563

|20.86

|7,030

13

|Nishi-ku

|西区

|93,210

|7.04

|13,210

14

|Sakae-ku

|{{nihongo2|栄区}}

|124,845

|18.55

|6,750

15

|Seya-ku

|瀬谷区

|126,839

|17.11

|7,390

16

|Totsuka-ku

|戸塚区

|274,783

|35.70

|7,697

17

|Tsurumi-ku

|鶴見区

|270,433

|33.23

|8,140

18

|Tsuzuki-ku

|都筑区

|211,455

|27.93

|7,535

Economy

In 2020, Yokohama's total gross regional product was 14.06 trillion yen or US$133 billion, a 1.9 per cent decrease compared to the previous year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This converts to US$35,107 per citizen, below the national average. A large number of Yokohama's citizens work outside the city (693,064 in 2020), primarily in Tokyo, and the economic value they generate outside the city does not contribute to Yokohama's economic output. The largest contributors to this figure were wholesale and retail (17.8%), healthcare (11.7%), and academic, professional, or technological services (11.0%)."[https://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/business/kigyoshien/tokei-chosa/date_yokohamakeizai.files/0004_20240322.pdf Yokohama's Economy in Data]" (PDF). www.city.yokohama.lg.jp. Retrieved July 27, 2024.

=Major companies headquartered=

File:Nissan headquarters 2022.jpg|Nissan Global Headquarters in Nishi-ku

File:JVCKENWOOD001.jpg|JVCKenwood headquarters in Kanagawa-ku

File:Koei Tecmo headquarters -01.jpg|Koei Tecmo headquarters in Kōhoku-ku

File:Keikyu Group Headquarters.jpg|Keikyu Group headquarters in Nishi-ku

File:Sotetsu HQ Building.jpg|Sotetsu headquarters in Nishi-ku

File:Yokohama Gate Tower - 04a.jpg|Isuzu headquarters in Nishi-ku

Culture and sights

File:Minato mirai 21 sakura-0332.jpg

Yokohama's cultural and tourist sights include:

{{Div col}}

{{Div col end}}

=Museums=

File:Yokohama Triennale 2005 Yamashita Pier Venue.jpg

There are 42 museums in the city area, including.{{cite web |url=http://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/ex/stat/handy/data/2018-a3.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016032712/http://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/ex/stat/handy/data/2018-a3.pdf |archive-date=October 16, 2018 |title=Statistical Booklet Book of Yokohama 2018 |website= www.city.yokohama.lg.jp |access-date= November 2, 2020}}

{{Div col}}

{{Div col end}}

=Gallery=

File:Sangkaien Garden.jpg|Sankei-en Garden

File:伊勢佐木町2012年8月24日(金).jpg|Isezakichō

File:Saint Patricks Day in Motomachi Yokohama.jpg|Motomachi

File:Chinatown in Yokohama 10.jpg|Yokohama Chinatown

File:Yokohama3Towers From Akarenga.JPG|Yokohama Three Towers

File:Harbour View Park, Yamate, Yokohama.jpg|Harbor View Park towards the Yokohama Bay Bridge

File:Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Cultural History 2009.jpg|Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Cultural History

File:Cupnoodles Museum Yokohama 2017.jpg|CupNoodles Museum

File:Left-side view of Hikawa-maru.jpg|Hikawa Maru

File:横浜マリンタワー2.jpg|Yokohama Marine Tower

File:Nippon maru.JPG|Nippon Maru Memorial Park

File:Yokohama_Red_Brick_Warehouse_2012.JPG|Yokohama Red Brick Warehouse

File:Yokohama World Porters.JPG|Yokohama World Porters

File:YokohamaBaysideMarina01.jpg|Mitsui Outlet Park Yokohama Bayside

File:横浜市立金沢動物園.jpg|Yokohama Municipal Kanazawa Zoo

File:Yokohama Hakkeijima Sea Paradise.jpg|Yokohama Hakkeijima Sea Paradise

File:Cosmo Clock 21 at night.jpg|Yokohama Cosmo World

File:Yokohama-west-station-building-202009.jpg|Yokohama Station

File:Gaijin bochi.JPG|Yokohama Foreign General Cemetery

File:Yokohama Museum of Art 2009.jpg|Yokohama Museum of Art

File:Yokohama Archives of History02.jpg|Yokohama Archives of History

File:Negishi Horse Racing Track.jpg|Negishi Park

File:Iseyama koutai-jingu Torii.jpg|Iseyama Kotai Shrine

File:Sōjiji Daisodo 2009.jpg|Sōji-ji

=Excursion destinations=

In 2016, 46,017,157 tourists visited the city, 13.1% of whom were overnight guests.

  • Kamonyama Park
  • Kodomo no kuni: Means "Children's country". A nice destination to spend an eventful day with the family. Lots of space for walking and playing. There is also a petting zoo.
  • Nogeyama Zoo: One of the few zoos that do not charge admission. It has a large number of animals and a petting zoo where children can play with small animals.
  • Yokohama Hakkeijima Sea Paradise: A large park with an aquarium. Otherwise rides, shops, restaurants, etc.
  • Zoorasia: Nice zoo with lots of play options for children. However, in this zoo admission costs.
  • Since 2020, after six years of development, a giant robot named Gundam, which is 18 meters high and weighs 25 tons, has been watching over the port area as a tourist attraction. The giant robot, in which there is a cockpit and whose hands are each two meters long, is based as a figure on a science fiction television series, can move and sink to its knees.Tagesthemen. Beitrag in der Nachrichtensendung der ARD, Moderation: Ingo Zamperoni, 30. November 2020, 35 Min. Eine Produktion von Das Erste

Sports

File:Yokohama stadium 2020 wing.jpg|Yokohama Stadium exterior

File:Yokohama Stadium, Baseball Stadium.jpg|Yokohama Stadium crowd

File:Yokohama Arena 2013.jpg|Yokohama Arena exterior

File:Nissan International Stadium Yokohama.jpg|Nissan Stadium exterior

File:International Stadium Yokohama-1.jpg|Nissan Stadium crowd

Transport

{{See also|Transport in Greater Tokyo}}

File:YokosukaLineStations.png)]]

Yokohama is serviced by the Tōkaidō Shinkansen, a high-speed rail line with a stop at Shin-Yokohama Station. Yokohama Station is also a major station, with two million passengers daily. The Yokohama Municipal Subway, Minatomirai Line and Kanazawa Seaside Line provide metro services.

=Air transport=

Yokohama does not have an airport, but is served by Tokyo's two main airports Haneda Airport which is 17.4 km away and Narita International Airport which is 77 km away.

=Maritime transport=

Yokohama is the world's 31st largest seaport in terms of total cargo volume, at 121,326 freight tons {{As of|2011|lc=y}}, and is ranked 37th in terms of TEUs (Twenty-foot equivalent units).{{cite web|url=http://www.aapa-ports.org/Industry/content.cfm?ItemNumber=900#|title=Ports & World Trade|website=www.aapa-ports.org|access-date=July 3, 2014|archive-date=May 4, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110504233752/http://www.aapa-ports.org/Industry/content.cfm?ItemNumber=900|url-status=live}}

In 2013, APM Terminals Yokohama facility was recognized as the most productive container terminal in the world averaging 163 crane moves per hour, per ship between the vessel's arrival and departure at the berth.{{cite news|title=Chinese Ports Lead the World in Berth Productivity, JOC Group Inc. Data Shows|url=http://www.joc.com/port-news/port-productivity/chinese-ports-lead-world-berth-productivity-joc-group-inc-data-shows_20140624.html|access-date=20 March 2015|work=Press Release|agency=JOC Inc|publisher=AXIO Data Group|date=24 June 2014|archive-date=April 6, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406011504/http://www.joc.com/port-news/port-productivity/chinese-ports-lead-world-berth-productivity-joc-group-inc-data-shows_20140624.html|url-status=live}}

= Rail transport =

== Railway stations ==

; {{color|green|■}} East Japan Railway Company (JR East)

: {{color|DarkOrange|■}} Tōkaidō Main Line

:* – {{STN|Yokohama|x}} – {{STN|Totsuka|x}} –

: {{color|navy|■}} Yokosuka Line

:* – Yokohama – {{STN|Hodogaya|x}} – {{STN|Higashi-Totsuka|x}} – Totsuka –

: {{color|deepskyblue|■}} Keihin-Tōhoku Line

:* – {{STN|Tsurumi|x}} – {{STN|Shin-Koyasu|x}} – {{STN|Higashi-Kanagawa|x}} – Yokohama

: {{color|deepskyblue|■}} Negishi Line

:* Yokohama – {{STN|Sakuragichō|x}} – {{STN|Kannai|x}} – {{STN|Ishikawachō|x}} – {{STN|Yamate|x}} – {{STN|Negishi|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Isogo|x}} – {{STN|Shin-Sugita|x}} – {{STN|Yōkōdai|x}} – {{STN|Kōnandai|x}} – {{STN|Hongōdai|x}} –

: {{color|yellowgreen|■}} Yokohama Line

:* Higashi-Kanagawa – {{STN|Ōguchi|x}} – {{STN|Kikuna|x}} – {{STN|Shin-Yokohama|x}} – {{STN|Kozukue|x}} – {{STN|Kamoi|x}} – {{STN|Nakayama|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Tōkaichiba|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Nagatsuta|x}} –

: {{color|Yellow|■}} Nambu Line

:* – {{STN|Yakō|x}} –

: {{color|Yellow|■}} Tsurumi Line

:* Main Line : Tsurumi – {{STN|Kokudō|x}} – {{STN|Tsurumi-Ono|x}} – {{STN|Bentembashi|x}} – {{STN|Asano|x}} – {{STN|Anzen|x}} –

:* Umi-Shibaura Branch : Asano – {{STN|Shin-Shibaura|x}} – {{STN|Umi-Shibaura|x}}

; {{color|orange|■}} Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central)

: {{color|mediumblue|■}} Tōkaidō Shinkansen

:* – Shin-Yokohama –

; {{color|deepskyblue|■}} Keikyu

: {{color|deepskyblue|■}} Keikyu Main Line

:* – {{STN|Tsurumi-Ichiba|x}} – {{STN|Keikyū Tsurumi|x}} – {{STN|Kagetsuen-mae|x}} – {{STN|Namamugi|x}} – {{STN|Keikyū Shin-Koyasu|x}} – {{STN|Koyasu|x}} – {{STN|Kanagawa-Shinmachi|x}} – {{STN|Naka-Kido|x}} – {{STN|Kanagawa|x|Kanagawa}} – Yokohama – {{STN|Tobe|x}} – {{STN|Hinodechō|x}} – {{STN|Koganechō|x}} – {{STN|Minami-Ōta|x}} – {{STN|Idogaya|x}} – {{STN|Gumyōji|x|Keikyū}} – {{STN|Kami-Ōoka|x}} – {{STN|Byōbugaura|x}} – {{STN|Sugita|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Keikyū Tomioka|x}} – {{STN|Nōkendai|x}} – {{STN|Kanazawa-Bunko|x}} – {{STN|Kanazawa-Hakkei|x}} –

: {{color|deepskyblue|■}} Keikyu Zushi Line

:* Kanazawa-Hakkei – {{STN|Mutsuura|x}} –

; {{color|red|■}} Tokyu Railways

: {{color|Crimson|■}} Tōyoko Line

:* – {{STN|Hiyoshi|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Tsunashima|x}} – {{STN|Ōkurayama|x|Kanagawa}} – Kikuna – {{STN|Myōrenji|x}} – {{STN|Hakuraku|x}} – {{STN|Higashi-Hakuraku|x}} – {{STN|Tammachi|x}} – Yokohama

: {{color|DodgerBlue|■}} Meguro Line

:* – Hiyoshi

: {{color|SeaGreen |■}} Den-en-toshi Line

:* – {{STN|Tama-Plaza|x}} – {{STN|Azamino|x}} – {{STN|Eda|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Ichigao|x}} – {{STN|Fujigaoka|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Aobadai|x}} – {{STN|Tana|x}} – Nagatsuta –

: {{color|blue|■}} Kodomonokuni Line

:* Nagatsuta – {{STN|Onda|x}} – {{STN|Kodomonokuni|x|Kanagawa}}

; {{color|orange|■}} Sagami Railway

: {{color|orange|■}} Sagami Railway Main Line

:* Yokohama – {{STN|Hiranumabashi|x}} – {{STN|Nishi-Yokohama|x}} – {{STN|Tennōchō|x}} – {{STN|Hoshikawa|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Wadamachi|x}} – {{STN|Kamihoshikawa|x}} – {{STN|Nishiya|x}} – {{STN|Tsurugamine|x}} – {{STN|Futamata-gawa|x}} – {{STN|Kibōgaoka|x}} – {{STN|Mitsukyō|x}} – {{STN|Seya|x}} –

: {{color|orange|■}} Izumino Line

:* Futamata-gawa – {{STN|Minami-Makigahara|x}} – {{STN|Ryokuentoshi|x}} – {{STN|Yayoidai|x}} – {{STN|Izumino|x}} – {{STN|Izumi-chūō|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Yumegaoka|x}}

; {{color|blue|■}} Yokohama Minatomirai Railway

: {{color|mediumblue|■}} Minatomirai Line

:* Yokohama – {{STN|Shin-Takashima|x}} – {{STN|Minato Mirai|x}} – {{STN|Bashamichi|x}} – {{STN|Nihon-ōdōri|x}} – {{STN|Motomachi-Chūkagai|x}}

; {{color|blue|■}} Yokohama City Transportation Bureau (Yokohama Municipal Subway)

: {{color|blue|■}} Blue Line

:* – {{STN|Shimoiida|x}} – {{STN|Tateba|x}} – {{STN|Nakada|x}} – {{STN|Odoriba|x}} – Totsuka – {{STN|Maioka|x}} – {{STN|Shimonagaya|x}} – {{STN|Kaminagaya|x}} – {{STN|Kōnan-Chūō|x}} – Kami-Ōoka – {{STN|Gumyōji|x|Yokohama Municipal Subway}} – {{STN|Maita|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Yoshinochō|x}} – {{STN|Bandōbashi|x}} – {{STN|Isezakichōjamachi|x}} – Kannai – Sakuragichō – {{STN|Takashimachō|x}} – Yokohama – {{STN|Mitsuzawa-shimochō|x}} – {{STN|Mitsuzawa-kamichō|x}} – {{STN|Katakurachō|x}} – {{STN|Kishine-kōen|x}} – Shin-Yokohama – {{STN|Kita Shin-Yokohama|x}} – {{STN|Nippa|x}} – {{STN|Nakamachidai|x}} – {{STN|Center Minami|x}} – {{STN|Center Kita|x}} – {{STN|Nakagawa|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Azamino|x}}

: {{color|green|■}} Green Line

:* Nakayama – {{STN|Kawawachō|x}} – {{STN|Tsuzuki-Fureai-no-Oka|x}} – Center Minami – Center Kita – {{STN|Kita-Yamata|x}} – {{STN|Higashi-Yamata|x}} – {{STN|Takata|x|Kanagawa}} – {{STN|Hiyoshi-Honchō|x}} – Hiyoshi

; {{color|orange|■}} Yokohama New Transit

: {{color|orange|■}} Kanazawa Seaside Line

:* Shin-Sugita – {{STN|Nambu-Shijō|x}} – {{STN|Torihama|x}} – {{STN|Namiki-Kita|x}} – {{STN|Namiki-Chūō|x}} – {{STN|Sachiura|x}} – {{STN|Sangyō-Shinkō-Center|x}} – {{STN|Fukuura|x}} – {{STN|Shidai-Igakubu|x}} – {{STN|Hakkeijima|x}} – {{STN|Uminokōen-Shibaguchi|x}} – {{STN|Uminokōen-Minamiguchi|x}} – {{STN|Nojimakōen|x}} – Kanazawa-Hakkei

Education

Public elementary and middle schools are operated by the city of Yokohama. There are nine public high schools which are operated by the Yokohama City Board of Education,{{cite web |url=http://www.city.yokohama.jp/me/kyoiku/gakkou_info/gakkou_info1000.html |title=Official Yokohama city website |publisher=City.yokohama.jp |access-date=2010-05-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100619005203/http://www.city.yokohama.jp/me/kyoiku/gakkou_info/gakkou_info1000.html |archive-date=June 19, 2010 |df=mdy-all }} and a number of public high schools which are operated by the Kanagawa Prefectural Board of Education. Yokohama National University is a leading university.

  • 46,388 children attend the 260 kindergartens.
  • Almost 386,000 students are taught in 351 primary schools.
  • There are 16 universities including Yokohama National University. The number of students is around 83,000.
  • 19 public libraries had 9.5 million loans in 2016.

International relations

File:tyuukagaimon.jpg]]

{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Japan}}

=Twin towns – sister cities=

Yokohama is twinned with:{{cite web|title=Yokohama's Sister/Friendship Cities|url=https://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/lang/residents/en/about-us/other/shisei/kokusai/shimaitoshi/sisterfriendshipcity.html|website=city.yokohama.lg.jp|publisher=Yokohama|access-date=2021-02-25|archive-date=February 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203174519/https://www.city.yokohama.lg.jp/lang/residents/en/about-us/other/shisei/kokusai/shimaitoshi/sisterfriendshipcity.html|url-status=live}}

{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}

{{Div col end}}

Yokohama also cooperates with:

=Partner cities=

{{Div col|colwidth=20em}}

  • {{flagicon|CIV}} Abidjan, Ivory Coast
  • {{flagicon|CHN}} Beijing, China, since May 2006
  • {{flagicon|AUS}} Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, since June 2008
  • {{flagicon|KOR}} Busan, South Korea, since June 2006
  • {{flagicon|DEU}} Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany, since September 2011
  • {{flagicon|VIE}} Hanoi, Vietnam, since November 2007
  • {{flagicon|VIE}} Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, since October 2007
  • {{flagicon|KOR}} Incheon, South Korea, since December 2009
  • {{flagicon|AUS}} Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
  • {{flagicon|MYS}} Seberang Perai, Penang, Malaysia, since August 2016{{Cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/metro/community/2016/08/01/mpsp-sets-sights-on-city-status-we-hope-to-achieve-this-by-2024-says-council-president/|title=MPSP sets sights on city status|date=1 August 2016|work=The Star|access-date=July 4, 2018|archive-date=July 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705033142/https://www.thestar.com.my/metro/community/2016/08/01/mpsp-sets-sights-on-city-status-we-hope-to-achieve-this-by-2024-says-council-president/|url-status=live}}
  • {{flagicon|TWN}} Taipei, Taiwan, since May 2006
  • {{flagicon|ISR}} Tel Aviv, Israel, since July 2012
  • {{flagicon|CHN}} Tianjin, China, since May 2008

{{Div col end}}

=Sister ports=

{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}

{{Div col end}}

Notable people

References

= Citations =

{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

= Sources =

{{Refbegin}}

  • Hammer, Joshua (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=6O8VyhDbUPgC Yokohama Burning: The Deadly 1923 Earthquake and Fire that Helped Forge the Path to World War II] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623153445/https://books.google.com/books?id=6O8VyhDbUPgC |date=June 23, 2016 }}. New York: Simon & Schuster. {{ISBN|978-0-7432-6465-5}} (cloth).
  • Heilbrun, Jacob. [https://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/17/books/review/Heilbrunn.t.html "Aftershocks"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115085735/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/17/books/review/Heilbrunn.t.html |date=January 15, 2018 }}. The New York Times, September 17, 2006.

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Notes

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