alternative metal

{{Listen

| filename =

| title = "Ironhead" (1992)

| description = 30 second sample of the 1992 Helmet song "Ironhead". Helmet's riffing style proved highly influential to various metal groups

}}

One of the main characteristics of alternative metal and its subgenres are heavily downtuned, mid-paced "chug"-like guitar riffs.{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/i-mw0000826905|title=I - Xerath - Songs, Reviews, Credits - AllMusic|website=AllMusic|access-date=January 9, 2017}}{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/system-of-a-down-mw0000040168 |title=System of a Down - System of a Down |website=Allmusic}}{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/blood-mw0000815869|title=Blood - O.S.I. - Songs, Reviews, Credits - AllMusic|website=AllMusic|access-date=January 7, 2017}} However, funk metal bands often use a more conventional riffing style influenced by 1980s thrash metal.{{cite book|last1=Prato|first1=Greg|title=Primus, Over the Electric Grapevine: Insight into Primus and the World of Les Claypool|date=16 September 2014|publisher=Akashic Books|isbn=978-1-61775-322-0}} Alternative metal features clean and melodic vocals, influenced by those of alternative rock, in contrast to other heavy metal subgenres. Later bands frequently incorporated vocal styles that alternated between clean singing, growls and screaming.{{cite web|last=Thomas |first=Stephen |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/deftones-mw0000227382 |title=Deftones - Deftones : Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards |website=AllMusic |access-date=2013-02-14}}{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-beginning-of-all-things-to-end-mw0000016113 |title=The Beginning of All Things to End - Mudvayne |website=Allmusic}}{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/violence-mw0000619131 |title=Violence - Nothingface |website=Allmusic}} Examples include alternative metal bands associated with the nu metal movement, such as Korn and Deftones, who have been described as having "bipolar vocals".{{cite web|url=https://www.sputnikmusic.com/review/62962/Deftones-Around-the-Fur/|title=Deftones - Around the Fur (album review 2) - Sputnikmusic|website=www.sputnikmusic.com}}{{cite web|url=http://www.xsnoize.com/album-review-korn-the-serenity-of-suffering/|title=Album Review: Korn - The Serenity of Suffering - After 3 years the illustrious Korn return with their 12th studio album The Serenity of Suffering. The band has always been well received and in spite of ch|date=November 1, 2016}}

File:Adam & Maynard Coachella 2006 (546341525).jpg

Jonathan Gold of the Los Angeles Times wrote in 1990 "Just as rock has an alternative, [left] wing-bands like the Replacements and Dinosaur Jr.-so does metal. Alternative metal is alternative music that rocks. And alternative metal these days can reach 10 times the audience of other alternative rock. Jane's Addiction plays an intense brand of '70s-influenced arty metal; so does Soundgarden. In fact, the arty meanderings of Sabbath and Zeppelin themselves would be considered alternative metal."{{cite web |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/60060917.html?dids=60060917:60060917&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=May+26%2C+1990&author=JONATHAN+GOLD&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Alternative+Metal+Bands+Follow+Zeppelin+Lead+Records%3A+New+releases+by+Mind+Over+Four%2C+Warrior+Soul%2C+Prong+and+Flotsam+and+Jetsam.&pqatl=google |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130216160852/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/60060917.html?dids=60060917:60060917&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=May+26,+1990&author=JONATHAN+GOLD&pub=Los+Angeles+Times+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Alternative+Metal+Bands+Follow+Zeppelin+Lead+Records:+New+releases+by+Mind+Over+Four,+Warrior+Soul,+Prong+and+Flotsam+and+Jetsam.&pqatl=google |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 16, 2013 |title=Los Angeles Times: Archives - Alternative Metal Bands Follow Zeppelin Lead Records: New releases by Mind Over Four, Warrior Soul, Prong and Flotsam and Jetsam |publisher=Pqasb.pqarchiver.com |date=May 26, 1990 |access-date=2013-02-02 }} Houston Press has described the genre as being a "compromise for people for whom Nirvana was not heavy enough but Metallica was too heavy."{{cite web|url=http://blogs.houstonpress.com/rocks/2014/04/six_bands_you_didnt_know_were.php|title=Six Bands You Didn't Know Were Still Around|author=Corey Deiterman|work=Houston Press|date=April 9, 2014|access-date=April 19, 2014|archive-date=April 19, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140419033549/http://blogs.houstonpress.com/rocks/2014/04/six_bands_you_didnt_know_were.php|url-status=dead}}

The first wave of alternative metal bands emerged from many backgrounds, including hardcore punk (Bad Brains, Rollins Band, Life of Agony, Corrosion of Conformity), noise rock (Helmet, the Jesus Lizard, Today Is the Day), Seattle's grunge scene (Alice in Chains, Soundgarden), stoner rock (Clutch, Kyuss), sludge metal (Fudge Tunnel, Melvins), gothic metal (Type O Negative), groove metal (Pantera, White Zombie) and industrial (Godflesh, Nine Inch Nails, Ministry).{{cite web|author=Stoner Metal |url=http://www.allmusic.com/style/stoner-metal-ma0000011961 |title=Stoner Metal : Significant Albums, Artists and Songs, Most Viewed |website=AllMusic |access-date=2013-01-28}}{{cite magazine|last=Begrand |first=Adrien |url=http://www.popmatters.com/pm/review/clutch-robot |title=Clutch: Robot Hive / Exodus |magazine=PopMatters |access-date=2013-02-02}}{{cite web|last=Rivadavia |first=Eduardo |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/monster-magnet-mn0000495455 |title=Monster Magnet - Music Biography, Credits and Discography |website=AllMusic |access-date=2013-01-28}}{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/fudge-tunnel-mn0000662652|title=Fudge Tunnel - Music Biography, Credits and Discography|first=Eduardo|last=Rivadavia|work=AllMusic|access-date=November 2, 2012}}{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/alice-in-chains-mn0000007920|title=Quicksand - Music Biography, Credits and Discography|first=Greg|last=Prato|work=AllMusic|access-date=November 18, 2012}}{{cite web|author=Goth Metal |url=http://www.allmusic.com/style/goth-metal-ma0000011855 |title=Goth Metal : Significant Albums, Artists and Songs, Most Viewed |website=AllMusic |access-date=2013-02-14}} These bands never formed a distinct movement or scene; rather they were bound by their incorporation of traditional metal influences and openness to experimentation. Jane's Addiction borrowed from art rock and progressive rock, Quicksand blended post-hardcore and Living Colour injected funk into their sound, for example,{{cite magazine|url=http://www.newyorker.com/arts/events/nightlife/2013/02/04/130204goni_GOAT_nightlife |title=Night Life |magazine=The New Yorker |access-date=2013-01-28}} while Primus were influenced by progressive rock, thrash metal{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=mCEyAAAAIBAJ&pg=6991,2564797&dq=thrash-funk&hl=en|title=Roll Over Manilow: Thrash funk is here|first=Elisabeth|last=Dunham|newspaper=Lawrence Journal-World|access-date=2013-01-28}} and funk{{cite web|last=Gore|first=Joe|date=August 1991|url=http://www.ram.org/music/primus/articles/funky.html|title=New Rage: The Funky|work=Guitar Player via ram.org|access-date=April 11, 2012}} and Faith No More mixed progressive rock, R&B, funk and hip hop.{{cite web|last=Erlewine|first=Stephen Thomas|url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=faith-no-more-mn0000134729|pure_url=yes}}|title=((( Faith No More > Overview )))|work=AllMusic|access-date=July 15, 2012}} Fudge Tunnel's style of alternative metal included influences from both sludge metal and noise rock.{{cite web|url=https://www.spin.com/2013/01/blame-nirvana-40-weirdest-post-nevermind-major-label-albums/130103-fudge-tunnel/ |title=Blame Nirvana: The 40 Weirdest Post-'Nevermind' Major-Label Albums | SPIN | Discover | SPIN Lists |publisher=SPIN |date=January 8, 2013 |access-date=2013-02-26}}

{{See also|Faith No More}}File:Faith No More 2009.jpg

The origins of the genre can be traced back to funk rock music of the early to mid-1980s, when alternative bands like Fishbone, Faith No More and the Red Hot Chili Peppers started mixing heavy metal with funk, creating the alternative metal subgenre funk metal.{{cite web|author=Funk Metal |url=http://www.allmusic.com/style/funk-metal-ma0000012114 |title=Funk Metal : Significant Albums, Artists and Songs, Most Viewed |website=AllMusic |access-date=January 6, 2013}} Other early bands in the genre also came from hardcore punk backgrounds.{{cite web|author=Punk Metal |url=http://www.allmusic.com/style/punk-metal-ma0000012022 |title=Punk Metal : Significant Albums, Artists and Songs, Most Viewed |website=AllMusic |access-date=2013-03-26}} Bands such as Faith No More, Jane's Addiction and Soundgarden are recognized as some of the earliest alternative metal acts, with all three of these bands emerging around the same time, and setting the template for the genre by mixing heavy metal music with a variety of different genres in the mid to late 1980s.Sharpe-Young, Garry (2007). Metal: The Definitive Guide. London, England: Jawbone Press. p. 482. {{ISBN|1-906002-01-0}}.{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/faith-no-more-mn0000134729|title=Faith No More - Music Biography, Credits and Discography|first=Stephen Thomas|last=Erlewine|work=AllMusic|access-date=October 14, 2012}}{{cite web|url=http://rock.about.com/od/soundgarde1/p/Soundgarden.htm|title=Soundgarden Biography|first=Tim|last=Grierson|work=About.com|access-date=October 14, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111172604/http://rock.about.com/od/soundgarde1/p/Soundgarden.htm|archive-date=November 11, 2012|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}{{cite web|last=Prato |first=Greg |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/nothings-shocking-mw0000196037 |title=Nothing's Shocking - Jane's Addiction : Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards |website=AllMusic |access-date=January 6, 2013}} During the 1980s, alternative metal appealed mainly to alternative rock fans, since virtually all 1980s alt-metal bands had their roots in the American independent rock scene. Living Colour was another alternative metal band that combined the genre with funk metal.

{{See also|Helmet (band)|Tool (band)}}

File:Page Hamilton Frankfurt.jpg Page Hamilton signing autographs in Frankfurt, Germany in 2019]]

The emergence of grunge as a popular style of rock music in the early 1990s helped make alternative metal more acceptable to a mainstream audience, with alternative metal soon becoming the most popular metal style of the 1990s. Several bands associated with the genre denied their status as metal bands.Christe, Ian (2003). Sound of the Beast: The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal. HarperCollins. Chapter 13: Transforming the 1990s: The Black Album & Beyond. Helmet drummer John Stanier said "We fell into the whole metal thing by accident, we always hated it when people mentioned metal in conjunction with us." Helmet's Meantime (1992) album became one of the most influential heavy metal albums of the 1990s.{{cite web |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/meantime-mw0000077643 |title=Meantime - Helmet |publisher=AllMusic |last=Franck |first=John |accessdate=September 16, 2021}} Saby Reyes-Kulkarni of Pitchfork Media stated "bands like Faith No More, Soundgarden, Primus, Helmet, the Rollins Band, and dozens more were initially marketed as quasi-metal acts. This was only possible in a climate where record labels, journalists, and college radio DJs understood that the metal audience could embrace new, albeit arty variations on the form."{{cite web|url=http://pitchfork.com/thepitch/749-the-misunderstanding-of-faith-no-more/|title=The Misunderstanding of Faith No More - Pitchfork|website=Pitchfork|date=April 23, 2015|access-date=January 18, 2017}}

File:PerryFarrell.jpg festival by Jane's Addiction frontman Perry Farrell helped alternative bands like Tool and Nine Inch Nails gain exposure]]

The alternative music festival Lollapalooza conceived by Jane's Addiction singer Perry Farrell, helped bands associated with the movement such as Tool, Rage Against the Machine, Primus, Nine Inch Nails, Soundgarden, and Alice in Chains gain exposure. The progressive rock-influenced band Tool became a leading band in the alternative metal genre with the release of their 1993 debut album Undertow; Tool's popularity in the mid-'90s helped kick off an era of bands with alt-metal tendencies also classified in other genres like industrial (Nine Inch Nails) and rap rock (Rage Against the Machine). Spin stated in August 1998 that "It was Helmet that spawned the idea of alternative metal with the punk crutch of 1992's Meantime [and] bands such as Rage Against the Machine took the concept a crucial step further, integrating hip hop to connect with skate rat kids raised on Metallica and Run D.M.C."{{cite journal|journal=Spin|date=Aug 1998|pages=90}} Many established 1980s metal bands released albums in the 1990s that were described as alternative metal, including Anthrax,{{cite news|author=Christopher R. Weingarten |url=http://www.villagevoice.com/2011-09-14/music/anthrax-and-joey-belladonna-keep-it-in-the-family/ |title=Anthrax and Joey Belladonna Keep It In the Family - Page 1 - Music - New York |newspaper=Village Voice |date=September 14, 2011 |access-date=2015-12-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141219174506/http://www.villagevoice.com/2011-09-14/music/anthrax-and-joey-belladonna-keep-it-in-the-family/ |archive-date=December 19, 2014 }} Metallica{{cite web|last=Relative|first=Saul|date=August 21, 2008|url=http://voices.yahoo.com/new-metallica-day-never-comes-has-arrived-1841224.html|title=New Metallica -- 'The Day that Never Comes' Has Arrived|work=Yahoo! Voices|access-date=July 15, 2012|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120716054353/http://voices.yahoo.com/new-metallica-day-never-comes-has-arrived-1841224.html|archive-date=July 16, 2012|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}{{cite book|last1=Scott|first1=Niall|title=Heavy Metal, Gender and Sexuality: Interdisciplinary Approaches|date=2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317122982|page=18 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8I-kDAAAQBAJ&q=%22known+as+alternative+metal%22&pg=PA18 |access-date=7 January 2017}} and Mötley Crüe.{{cite web|url=https://metalhammer.teamrock.com/news/2015-01-04/corabi-revisits-1994-motley-crue-album|title=Corabi revisits 1994 Motley Crue album|work=Metal Hammer|access-date=December 3, 2015|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304220954/http://metalhammer.teamrock.com/news/2015-01-04/corabi-revisits-1994-motley-crue-album|url-status=dead}} Bands like Life of Agony combined alternative metal with hardcore punk influences. Life of Agony's debut album River Runs Red combined alternative metal with influences of hardcore punk, with lyrics about depression and suicide.{{cite magazine |magazine=Rolling Stone |title=The 100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/the-100-greatest-metal-albums-of-all-time-113614/life-of-agony-river-runs-red-1993-120163/ |date=June 21, 2017 |accessdate=September 16, 2021}}

{{Main|Nu metal}}In the latter part of the 1990s, a second, more aggressive wave of alternative metal emerged; dubbed nu metal, it often relied on hardcore punk, groove/thrash metal,{{cite journal |title=What's the Deal with Soundtrack Albums? Metal Music and the Customized Aesthetics of Contemporary Horror |last=Tompkins |first=Joseph |journal=Cinema Journal |year=2009 |volume=49 |number=1 |pages=65–81 |doi=10.1353/cj.0.0155 |s2cid=191468077 |url=http://muse.jhu.edu/login?auth=0&type=summary&url=/journals/cinema_journal/v049/49.1.tompkins.html|url-access=subscription }} industrial and hip hop influences, as opposed to the influences of the first wave of alternative metal bands, with this style subsequently becoming more popular than regular alternative metal. It resulted in a more standardized sound among alternative metal bands, in contrast to the more eccentric and unclassifiable early alternative metal bands. Korn, a band formed in 1993, released their self-titled debut the following year, which is widely considered to be the first nu metal release.{{cite book|first=Joel|last=McIver|author-link=Joel McIver|title=Nu Metal: The Next Generation of Rock & Punk|year=2002|publisher=Omnibus Press|isbn=978-0-7119-9209-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=grWO5XKtbCoC|pages=10, 12}} MTV stated that Korn "arrived in 1993 into the burgeoning alternative metal scene, which would morph into nü-metal the way college rock became alternative rock."{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/2945625/vintage-korn-life-is-peachy-at-20/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161021123649/http://www.mtv.com/news/2945625/vintage-korn-life-is-peachy-at-20/|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 21, 2016|title=Vintage Korn: Life Is Peachy At 20|website=MTV|access-date=January 18, 2017}} Stereogum similarly claimed that nu metal was a "weird outgrowth of the Lollapalooza-era alt-metal scene".{{cite web|url=http://www.stereogum.com/1834903/adrenaline-turns-20/franchises/the-anniversary/|title=Adrenaline Turns 20|date=October 2, 2015|access-date=January 18, 2017}} During the late 1990s and early 2000s, nu metal was prevalent in the mainstream, with bands such as Korn, Limp Bizkit, Linkin Park, Disturbed, Slipknot and Staind all attaining success. AllMusic has compared nu and alternative metal's commercial success during this period to the rise of the glam metal phenomenon in the 1980s, stating that it is "ironic, given alternative metal's vehement rejection of hair metal's attitude." Some nu metal bands managed to push musical boundaries while still remaining commercially viable, such as Mudvayne (who combined progressive{{Cite news|url=http://www.revolvermag.com/news/10-nu-metal-albums-you-need-to-own.html|title=10 Nu-Metal Albums You Need to Own|date=2014-09-09|newspaper=Revolvermag|access-date=2017-01-21}} elements) and Deftones, who have incorporated post-hardcore and dream pop influences.{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/bands/m/metal_meltdown/news_feature_030124/ |title=Nu Metal Meltdown |publisher=MTV |last=D'Angelo |first=Joe |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101221121551/http://www.mtv.com/bands/m/metal_meltdown/news_feature_030124/ |archive-date=December 21, 2010 |df=mdy }}{{cite web |url=http://www.mtv.com/bands/m/metal_meltdown/news_feature_030124/index2.jhtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030201093855/http://www.mtv.com/bands/m/metal_meltdown/news_feature_030124/index2.jhtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 1, 2003 |title=Nu Metal Meltdown (Part 2) |publisher=MTV |last=D'Angelo |first=Joe}}

Image:Kornmaa2006.jpg

Korn's 1998 album Follow the Leader and 1999 album Issues sold 3.6 million and 3.2 million copies in the United States, respectively, and the band's 2002 album Untouchables sold 1.4 million. Korn's eponymous debut (1994) and second album Life is Peachy (1996) sold 2.1 million and 1.8 million copies, respectively.{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/68255/korns-new-look |title=Korn's New 'Look' |magazine=Billboard |date=December 24, 2003 |accessdate=September 23, 2021}} Limp Bizkit's Significant Other (1999) and Chocolate Starfish and the Hot Dog Flavored Water (2000) sold over seven million and six million, respectively.{{cite web |url=https://blabbermouth.net/news/metal-hard-rock-album-sales-in-the-us-as-reported-by-soundscan/ |title= Metal/Hard Rock Album Sales In The US As Reported By SoundScan |publisher=Blabbermouth.net |date=April 26, 2002 |access-date=September 23, 2021}} Korn and Limp Bizkit were frequently featured on MTV, often hitting number 1 and having multiple retired videos on the popular MTV show Total Request Live, competing on the show with boy bands like N'Sync and Backstreet Boys.{{cite web |url=https://www.vulture.com/2017/11/mtv-total-request-live-history.html |title=MTV Total Request Live, A History |work=Vulture |date=November 8, 2017 |accessdate=September 23, 2021 |last=Marks |first=Craig}} Papa Roach's album Infest (2000) went triple platinum and was supported by the hit single "Last Resort". Bands like P.O.D. and Linkin Park also had widespread popularity.

Joel McIver believes that the band Tool is important to the development of this genre; he wrote in his book Unleashed: The Story of Tool, "By 1996 and '97 the wave of alternative metal spearheaded by Tool in the wake of grunge was beginning to evolve into nu-metal". However, Tool's vocalist Maynard James Keenan was quick to separate himself from this movement saying "I'm sick of that whole attitude. The one that puts Tool in with [nu] metal bands. The press... can't seem to distinguish between alternative and metal."{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dA_V2mbPiecC&q=%22alternative+metal%22+%22tool%22&pg=PT108 |title=Unleashed: The Story of Tool - Joel McIver - Google Books |access-date=2013-02-14|isbn=9780857120403 |last1=McIver |first1=Joel |year=2012 |publisher=Omnibus }} Other alternative metal bands considered influential to the nu metal genre such as Helmet have also tried to distance themselves from the movement.{{cite web|url=http://www.ultimate-guitar.com/news/general_music_news/helmet_were_better_than_999_of_the_other_bands_out_there.html |title=Helmet: We're Better Than 99.9% Of The Other Bands Out There | News @ |publisher=Ultimate-guitar.com |access-date=2013-02-14}}{{Cite news| last = Weatherford | first = Mike | title = Mr. Bungle serving up pop music from Mars | newspaper =The Las Vegas Review-Journal| pages =32J | date =October 15, 1999}}

In 2004, nu metal's popularity was declining, with bands like Korn, Limp Bizkit and P.O.D. having a decline in album sales. Instead, post-grunge bands like Nickelback were selling the most records and being promoted the most on radio.{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040218235442/http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/story/165032p-144558c.html |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/story/165032p-144558c.html |title=Metal bands rocked by slump |work=New York Daily News |last=Farber |first=Jim |date=February 17, 2004 |archivedate=February 18, 2004 |accessdate=September 23, 2021}} Additionally, many nu metal bands began to move away from the nu metal genre and moved on to other genres.

In 2016, Jason Heller of Vice wrote "The term alternative metal still pops up from time to time, but it’s no more relevant or meaningful today than alternative rock. Instead, it’s a relic. But the brief, nebulous era of alternative metal in the late 80s and early 90s remains a snapshot of a vibrant time when a brash new generation of heavy-leaning bands threw everything against the wall to see what stuck."{{cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/soundgarden-alternative-metal/|title=Loud Love: Soundgarden and the Heyday of Alternative Metal - Noisey|date=August 26, 2016 |publisher=|access-date=January 18, 2017}}

• List of alternative metal artists

{{Reflist|30em}}

• {{cite book|author-link=Ian Christe|last=Christe|first=Ian|year=2003|title=Sound of the Beast: The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=0-380-81127-8|title-link=Sound of the Beast: The Complete Headbanging History of Heavy Metal}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20121118101556/http://www.treblezine.com/columns/229.html 10 Essential Alternative metal singles]
• [https://www.vh1.com/news/rjhh9u/alt-metal-a-to-z Alt-Metal A To Z: 26 Bands That Define The Genre - VH1]
• [http://www.nuclearblast.de/en/rp/genres/alternative-metal.html Alternative metal - Nuclear Blast]
• {{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20120204055718/http://www.silver-dragon-records.com/alternative_metal.htm Silver Dragon Records: Alternative Metal]}}

{{Alternative metal}}

{{Alternative rock}}

{{Heavy metal music}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Alternative rock genres

Category:Heavy metal genres

Category:Music of California

Category:Fusion music genres

Category:20th-century music genres

Category:21st-century music genres

Category:1980s in music

Category:1990s in music

Category:2000s in music