amperozide

{{Short description|Chemical compound}}

{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}}

{{Drugbox

| verifiedrevid = 444367960

| IUPAC_name = 4-[4,4-bis(4-fluorophenyl)butyl]-N-ethylpiperazine-1-carboxamide

| image = Amperozide.svg

| width = 270

| tradename =

| pregnancy_category =

| legal_status =

| routes_of_administration =

| bioavailability =

| protein_bound =

| metabolism =

| elimination_half-life =

| excretion =

| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}

| CAS_number = 75558-90-6

| ATCvet = yes

| ATC_prefix = N05

| ATC_suffix = AX90

| PubChem = 73333

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| ChemSpiderID = 66062

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = 0M2W3TAG39

| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

| ChEMBL = 1079935

| C=23 | H=29 | F=2 | N=3 | O=1

| smiles = CCNC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)CCCC(C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChI = 1S/C23H29F2N3O/c1-2-26-23(29)28-16-14-27(15-17-28)13-3-4-22(18-5-9-20(24)10-6-18)19-7-11-21(25)12-8-19/h5-12,22H,2-4,13-17H2,1H3,(H,26,29)

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = NNAIYOXJNVGUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N

}}

Amperozide is an atypical antipsychotic of the diphenylbutylpiperazine class which acts as an antagonist at the 5-HT_2A receptor.{{cite journal | vauthors = Svartengren J, Simonsson P | title = Receptor binding properties of amperozide | journal = Pharmacology & Toxicology | volume = 66 | pages = 8–11 | pmid = 2154737 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1990.tb01599.x | year = 1990 | issue = Suppl 1 }} It does not block dopamine receptors as with most antipsychotic drugs,{{cite journal | vauthors = Meltzer HY, Zhang Y, Stockmeier CA | title = Effect of amperozide on rat cortical 5-HT2 and striatal and limbic dopamine D2 receptor occupancy: implications for antipsychotic action | journal = European Journal of Pharmacology | volume = 216 | issue = 1 | pages = 67–71 | date = May 1992 | pmid = 1388121 | doi = 10.1016/0014-2999(92)90210-u }} but does inhibit dopamine release,{{cite journal | vauthors = Eriksson E | title = Amperozide, a putative anti-psychotic drug: uptake inhibition and release of dopamine in vitro in the rat brain | journal = Life Sciences | volume = 47 | issue = 23 | pages = 2111–7 | pmid = 1979998 | doi = 10.1016/0024-3205(90)90310-n | year = 1990 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Yamamoto BK, Meltzer HY | title = The effect of the atypical antipsychotic drug, amperozide, on carrier-mediated striatal dopamine release measured in vivo | journal = The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics | volume = 263 | issue = 1 | pages = 180–5 | date = October 1992 | pmid = 1403783 }} and alters the firing pattern of dopaminergic neurons.{{cite journal | vauthors = Grenhoff J, Tung CS, Ugedo L, Svensson TH | title = Effects of amperozide, a putative antipsychotic drug, on rat midbrain dopamine neurons recorded in vivo | journal = Pharmacology & Toxicology | volume = 66 | pages = 29–33 | pmid = 2304893 | doi = 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1990.tb01603.x | year = 1990 | issue = Suppl 1 }} It was investigated for the treatment of schizophrenia in humans,{{cite journal | vauthors = Axelsson R, Nilsson A, Christensson E, Björk A | title = Effects of amperozide in schizophrenia. An open study of a potent 5-HT2 receptor antagonist | journal = Psychopharmacology | volume = 104 | issue = 3 | pages = 287–92 | pmid = 1924636 | doi = 10.1007/bf02246025 | year = 1991 | s2cid = 2507927 }} but never adopted clinically. Its main use is instead in veterinary medicine, primarily in intensively farmed pigs, for decreasing aggression and stress and thereby increasing feeding and productivity.{{cite journal | vauthors = Kyriakis SC, Martinsson K, Olsson NG, Bjork A | title = Thin sow syndrome (TSS): the effect of amperozide | journal = The British Veterinary Journal | volume = 146 | issue = 5 | pages = 463–7 | pmid = 2224491 | doi = 10.1016/0007-1935(90)90036-3 | year = 1990 }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Kyriakis SC, Olsson NG, Martinsson K, Björk AK | title = Observations on the action of amperozide: are there social influences on sow-litter productivity? | journal = Research in Veterinary Science | volume = 51 | issue = 2 | pages = 169–73 | date = September 1991 | pmid = 1788479 | doi = 10.1016/0034-5288(91)90008-C }}{{cite journal | vauthors = Papp I, Waller C, Biro O | title = [Practical experiences in the therapy of postweaning edema disease in piglets] | journal = Berliner und Munchener Tierarztliche Wochenschrift | volume = 109 | issue = 10 | pages = 385–7 | date = October 1996 | pmid = 8999770 }}