antisemitism in the United States

{{Jews and Judaism sidebar |Population}}

{{main|History of antisemitism in the United States}}

Historically, antisemitic attitudes and rhetoric have tended to increase whenever the United States has faced a serious economic crisis,Goldberg, Michelle. Kingdom Coming: The Rise of Christian Nationalism. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2006. pp. 186-187. as well as during moments of political and social uncertainty and fear, such as with the rise of nativist anti-immigration organizing in the early twentieth century, the emergence of the Nazi-affiliated German-American Bund in the 1930s, and the anti-Communist political movement during McCarthyism, also known as the Red Scare.Richard Frankel, "One Crisis Behind? Rethinking Antisemitic Exceptionalism in the United States and Germany." American Jewish History 97.3 (July 2013): 235-258. Academic David Greenberg has written in Slate, "Extreme anti-communism always contained an antisemitic component: Radical, alien Jews, in their demonology, orchestrated the Communist conspiracy." He also has argued that, in the years which followed World War II, some groups on "the American right remained closely tied to the unvarnished antisemites of the '30s who railed against the 'Jew Deal'", a bigoted term which was used against the New Deal measures of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.{{cite news|last1=Greenberg|first1=David|title=Nixon and the Jews. Again.|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/history_lesson/2002/03/nixon_and_the_jews_again.html |access-date=August 29, 2018|work=Slate|date=March 12, 2002}} American antisemites have viewed the fraudulent text The Protocols of the Elders of Zion as a real reference to a supposed Jewish cabal which was out to subvert and ultimately destroy the U.S.{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/cifamerica/2011/feb/02/far-right-glenn-beck|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=31 January 2015|date=2 February 2011|title=Glenn Beck and the echoes of Charles Coughlin|first=Paul|last=Harris}} Both the association of Jews with Communism and the fixation on a Jewish cabal purported in The Protocols of the Elders of Zion are conspiracies transplanted to the American context from European modernity: in a moment of economic revolution and socialist politics rising in contexts across Europe, conservative leaders from Christian Russia to interwar Great Britain manipulated a public fear of Jewish Bolshevism to scapegoat Jewish populations for strategic political gain.Hanebrink, Paul. A Specter Haunting Europe: The Myth of Judeo-Bolshevism. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2018. pp. 11-20.

The "Great Replacement" theme, a version of the broader white genocide conspiracy theory, was stressed by people who highlighted the supposed threat of Jews and other immigrants replacing Americans who were born in the country.Andrew S. Winston, "'Jews will not replace us!': Antisemitism, Interbreeding and Immigration in Historical Context." American Jewish History 105.1 (2021): 1-24. In the 1920s and 1930s, antisemitic activists were led by Henry Ford and other figures like Charles Lindbergh, William Dudley Pelley, Charles Coughlin and Gerald L. K. Smith, and some of them were also members of organizations like the America First Committee, the Christian Nationalist Crusade, the German American Bund, the Ku Klux Klan and the Silver Legion of America. They promulgated canards and various interrelated conspiracy theories that widely spread the fear that, through an evil transnational network, Jews were working for the destruction or replacement of white Americans along with the fear that Jews were working for the destruction or replacement of Christianity in the United States.See Andrew S. Winston, "'Jews will not replace us!': Antisemitism, Interbreeding and Immigration in Historical Context." American Jewish History 105.1 (2021): 1-24. at p. 6.Leonard Dinnerstein, Anti-Semitism in America (1994) pp 78-127.

{{Main|Racial antisemitism|Religious antisemitism}}

{{main|Antisemitic trope|Stereotypes of Jews}}

The most persistent form of antisemitism has consisted of a series of widely circulating tropes and stereotypes in which Jews are portrayed as being socially, religiously, and economically unacceptable to American life, because of their inferiority to white Christian society or because of conspiratorial thinking in which Jews are accused of plotting to undermine the racial and economic hierarchies which make up the historical fabric of American society. As a whole, the Jewish people were looked down upon. They were made to feel unwanted, they were marginalized by American society and they were considered a menace to the United States.{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Women and Religion in North America|publisher=Indiana University Press|year=2006|page=589|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=we2KvdT3zOsC&pg=PA589|isbn=978-0253346858}}

Martin Marger wrote, "A set of distinct and consistent negative stereotypes, some of which can be traced as far back as the Middle Ages in Europe, has been applied to Jews."{{cite book|title=Race and Ethnic Relations: American and Global Perspectives|first=Martin N.|last=Marger|publisher=Cengage Learning|year=2008|page=3234|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TXP78beGTpcC&q=Jews+money+antisemitism&pg=PA324|quote=It is the connection of Jews with money, however, that appears to be the sine qua non of anti-Semitism.|isbn=9780495504368}}

David Schneder wrote, "Three large clusters of traits are part of the Jewish stereotype (Wuthnow, 1982). First, [American] Jews are seen as being powerful and manipulative. Second, they are accused of dividing their loyalties between the United States and Israel. A third set of traits concerns Jewish materialistic values, aggressiveness, clannishness."{{cite book|title=The psychology of stereotyping|first=David J.|last=Schneider|publisher=Guilford Press|year=2004|page=461|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VuHFFpZCg-QC&pg=PA461|isbn=9781572309296}}

Stereotypes of Jewish people share some of the same content as stereotypes of Asians: perceived disloyalty, power, intelligence, and dishonesty overlap. The similarity between the content of stereotypes of Jews and the content of stereotypes of Asians may stem from the fact that many immigrant Jews and many immigrant Asians both developed a merchant role, a role which was also historically held by many Indians in East Africa, where the content of stereotypes of them resembles the content of stereotypes of Asians and Jews in the United States.{{cite book|title=The handbook of social psychology, Volume 2|pages=380–381|year=1998}}

Some of the antisemitic tropes which have been cited by the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) in its studies of U.S. social trends include the claims that "Jews have too much power in the business world," "Jews are more willing to use shady practices to get what they want," and "Jews always like to be at the head of things." Another issue that garners attention is the assertion that Jews have an excessive amount of influence on American cinema and news media. Put together, these lines of thinking about Jews demonstrate a common trend in the history of both American and global antisemitism—the inflation of stereotypes of Jews into a theory about how power (politics, economics, media, etc.) functions in society, an irrational theory that deflects responsibility for social ills away from actual authorities and leaders and onto minority Jewish communities.

In contemporary alt-right and right-wing circles, these tropes of power-hungry Jews sometimes manifest through coded references to "globalists," accusations that liberal agendas are the sole product of prominent Jews, and conspiracy theories (such as QAnon) that can be linked to the medieval blood libel against Jews.{{cite web|title=QAnon's Antisemitism and What Come's Next|date=2021-09-17|website=Anti-Defamation League|url=https://www.adl.org/resources/reports/qanons-antisemitism-and-what-comes-next}}

Polls and studies point to a steady decrease in antisemitic attitudes, beliefs, and manifestations among the American public.{{cite web|title=The Resuscitation of Anti-Semitism: An American Perspective - An Interview with Abraham Foxman|url=http://www.jcpa.org/phas/phas-13.htm|work=Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs|access-date=24 October 2013|archive-date=8 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608060311/http://www.jcpa.org/phas/phas-13.htm|url-status=dead}} A 1992 survey by the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) showed that about 20% of Americans—between 30 and 40 million adults—held antisemitic views, a considerable decline from the total of 29% found in 1964. However, another survey by the same organization concerning antisemitic incidents showed that the curve has risen without interruption since 1986.

The number of Americans holding antisemitic views declined markedly six years later when another ADL study classified only 12 percent of the population—between 20 and 25 million adults, as "most antisemitic." Confirming the findings of previous surveys, both studies also found that African Americans were significantly more likely than whites to hold antisemitic views, with 34 percent of blacks classified as "most antisemitic," compared to 9 percent of whites in 1998.

The 2005 Survey of American Attitudes Towards Jews in America, a national poll of 1,600 American adults conducted in March 2005, found that 14% of Americans—or nearly 35 million adults—hold views about Jews that are "unquestionably antisemitic," compared to 17% in 2002, In 1998, the number of Americans with hardcore antisemitic beliefs had dropped to 12% from 20% in 1992.

The 2005 survey found "35 percent of foreign-born Hispanics (down from 44% [in 2002])" and 36 percent of African-Americans hold strong antisemitic beliefs, four times more than the 9 percent for whites."{{cite web|title=ADL Survey: Antisemitism In America Remains Constant; 14 Percent Of Americans Hold 'Strong' Antisemitic Beliefs|url=http://www.adl.org/PresRele/ASUS_12/4680_12.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207193710/https://www.adl.org/PresRele/ASUS_12/4680_12.htm|archive-date=7 February 2011|url-status=dead}} The 2005 Anti-Defamation League survey includes data on Hispanic attitudes, with 29% being most antisemitic (as opposed as 9% for whites and 36% for blacks), being born in the United States lessened the prevalence of that attitude: 35% of foreign-born Hispanics and only 19% of those born in the US.

The survey findings come at a time of increased antisemitic activity in America. The 2004 ADL Audit of Antisemitic Incidents reported that antisemitic incidents reached their highest level in nine years. A total of 1,821 antisemitic incidents were reported in 2004, an increase of 17% over the 1,557 incidents reported during 2003.{{Cite press release|url=http://www.adl.org/PresRele/ASUS_12/4671_12.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 14, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060214141101/https://www.adl.org/PresRele/ASUS_12/4671_12.htm|date=April 4, 2005|title=ADL Audit: Antisemitic Incidents At Highest Level in Nine Years}} "What concerns us is that many of the gains we had seen in building a more tolerant and accepting America seem not to have taken hold as firmly as we had hoped," said Abraham H. Foxman, ADL National Director. "While there are many factors at play, the findings suggest that antisemitic beliefs endure and resonate with a substantial segment of the population, nearly 35 million people."

In 2007 an ABC News report recounted that past ABC polls across several years have tended to find that about 6% of Americans self-report prejudice against Jews as compared to about 25% being against Arab Americans and about 10% against Hispanic Americans. The report also remarked that a full 34% of Americans reported having "some racist feelings" in general as a self-description.{{cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/images/US/1048a1Hispanics.pdf|title=Aquí Se Habla Español – and Two-Thirds Don't Mind|work=ABC News|date=Oct 8, 2007|access-date=Dec 20, 2013}}

A 2009 study which was titled "Modern Anti-Semitism and Anti-Israeli Attitudes", published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology in 2009, tested a new theoretical model of antisemitism among Americans in the Greater New York area with three experiments. The research team's theoretical model proposed that mortality salience (reminding people that they will someday die) increases antisemitism and that antisemitism is often expressed as anti-Israel attitudes. The first experiment showed that mortality salience led to higher levels of antisemitism and lower levels of support for Israel. The study's methodology was designed to tease out antisemitic attitudes that are concealed by polite people. The second experiment showed that mortality salience caused people to perceive Israel as very important, but did not cause them to perceive any other country this way. The third experiment showed that mortality salience led to a desire to punish Israel for human rights violations but not to a desire to punish Russia or India for identical human rights violations. According to the researchers, their results "suggest that Jews constitute a unique cultural threat to many people's worldviews, that antisemitism causes hostility to Israel, and that hostility to Israel may feed back to increase antisemitism." Furthermore, "those claiming that there is no connection between antisemitism and hostility toward Israel are wrong."Modern Anti-Semitism and Anti-Israeli Attitudes, Florette Cohen, Department of Psychology, The College of Staten Island, City University New York; Lee Jussim, Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick; Kent D. Harber, Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Newark; Gautam Bhasin, Department of Counseling, Columbia Teacher's College, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2009, Vol. 97, No. 2, 290–306 [http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/psp/97/2/290.html psycnet.apa.org]

The 2011 Survey of American Attitudes Toward Jews in America released by the ADL found that the recent world economic recession increased some antisemitic viewpoints among Americans. Abraham H. Foxman, the organization's national director, argued, "It is disturbing that with all of the strides we have made in becoming a more tolerant society, antisemitic beliefs continue to hold a vice-grip on a small but not insubstantial segment of the American public." Specifically, the polling found that 19% of Americans answered "probably true" to the assertion that "Jews have too much control/influence on Wall Street" while 15% concurred with the related statement that Jews seem "more willing to use shady practices" in business. Nonetheless, the survey generally reported positive attitudes for most Americans, the majority of those who were surveyed expressed philo-Semitic sentiments such as 64% agreeing that Jews have contributed much to U.S. social culture.

{{see also|African American–Jewish relations|Black Hebrew Israelites|Black-Palestinian solidarity|Interminority racism in the United States|Nation of Islam and antisemitism}}

Surveys which were conducted by the ADL in 2007, 2009, 2011, and 2013 all found that an overwhelming majority of African-Americans who were questioned rejected antisemitism and they generally expressed the same kinds of tolerant viewpoints as other Americans who were also surveyed. For example, the results of the ADL's 2009 study revealed that 28% of African-Americans who were surveyed expressed antisemitic views while a 72% majority did not. However, those three surveys all revealed that negative attitudes towards Jews were stronger among African-Americans than they were among the general population at large.{{cite web|url=http://archive.adl.org/anti_semitism_domestic/adl-2011-anti-semitism_presentation.pdf|title=ADL 2011 Antisemitism Presentation|publisher=Anti-Defamation League|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712053337/http://archive.adl.org/anti_semitism_domestic/adl-2011-anti-semitism_presentation.pdf|access-date=January 31, 2015|archive-date=2014-07-12}}

According to earlier ADL research, dating back to 1964, the trend that African-Americans are significantly more likely to hold antisemitic beliefs across all education levels than white Americans has remained unchanged over the years. Nonetheless, the percentage of the population which holds a negative opinion of Jews has also waned considerably in the black community during this period. In 1967, the New York Times Magazine published the article "Negroes Are Anti-Semitic Because They're Anti-White" in which the African-American author James Baldwin sought to explain the prevalence of black antisemitism.{{cite web|title=To what degree does Anti-Semitism among African Americans simply reflect Anti-White sentiment?|url=http://www.dominican.edu/query/ncur/display_ncur.php?id=2045|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020102407/http://www.dominican.edu/query/ncur/display_ncur.php?id=2045|archive-date=2007-10-20}}Jessica T. Simes (2009). [https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/jsimes/files/ssj_simes_2009.pdf "Does anti-Semitism among African Americans simply reflect anti-White sentiment?"], 46 The Social Science Journal 384–89. An ADL poll from 1992 stated that 37% of African-Americans surveyed displayed antisemitism;{{cite web|url=http://www.adl.org/antisemitism_survey/survey_print.asp|title=Anti-Semitism and Prejudice in America: Highlights from an ADL Survey - November 1998|publisher=Anti-Defamation League|access-date=January 31, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141009023051/http://archive.adl.org/antisemitism_survey/survey_print.html|archive-date=Oct 9, 2014}} in contrast, a poll from 2011 found that only 29% did so.

The more education people have the less antisemitic they are. In 1998 among blacks with no college education, 43% fell into the most antisemitic group (versus 18% of the general population) compared to only 27% among blacks with some college education and just 18% among blacks with a four-year college degree (versus 5% of people in the general population with a four-year college degree). At all educational levels, Blacks were more likely than whites to accept anti-Jewish stereotypes.{{cite web |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/adl-survey-finds-anti-semitism-high-in-black-community |title=Anti-Semitism and Prejudice in America: Highlights from an ADL Survey |publisher=Anti-Defamation League |via=Jewish Virtual Library |date=November 1998 |access-date=23 May 2019}}{{better source needed|date=May 2025}}

Brookings Institution fellow Jamie Kirchick said in 2018 that antisemitism has been a particular problem in parts of America's black community since the split between the mainstream Civil rights movement led by Martin Luther King Jr. and the more radical Black Power movement of the late 1960s.{{cite news |first=Jamie |last=Kirchick |author-link=Jamie Kirchick |title=The Rise of Black Anti-Semitism |url=https://www.commentarymagazine.com/articles/rise-black-anti-semitism/ |access-date=30 December 2019 |publisher=Commentary Magazine |date=June 2018}}{{undue weight inline|date=June 2025}}

A 2019 study found that 28% of African Americans believed that they were seeing more Black people that they personally knew express antisemitism than in the past.{{cite web |last1=Earls |first1=Aaron |title=African Americans Have Mixed Opinions and Often No Opinions on Israel |url=https://blog.lifeway.com/newsroom/2019/11/05/african-americans-have-mixed-opinions-and-often-no-opinions-on-israel/ |website=LifeWay Research |date=5 November 2019 |publisher=LifeWay |access-date=10 January 2021}} In the same study, 19% of African Americans believed that Jewish people were impeding Black progress in America. Four percent (4%) of African Americans self-identified as being Black Hebrew Israelites in 2019.

Prominent African-American figures Louis Farrakhan and Kanye West have received widespread condemnation for propagating antisemitism.{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-disturbing-rise-of-anti-semitism-among-black-celebs-from-diddy-and-nick-cannon-to-ice-cube|title=The Disturbing Rise of Anti-Semitism Among Black Celebs|newspaper=The Daily Beast|date=16 July 2020|last1=Costa|first1=Cassieda}}

{{further|Holocaust denial}}

Austin App, (1902–1984) a German-American La Salle University professor of medieval English literature, is considered the first major American Holocaust denier.Atkins, Stephen E. (2009). Austin J. App and Holocaust Denial. Holocaust denial as an international movement. Westport, Conn.: Praeger. pp. 153–55. {{ISBN|0-313-34539-2}}. App wrote extensively in newspapers and periodicals, and he also wrote a couple of books which detailed his defense of Nazi Germany and Holocaust denial. App's work inspired the Institute for Historical Review, a California center which was founded in 1978 with the sole purpose of denying the Holocaust.Carlos C. Huerta and Dafna Shiffman-Huerta "Holocaust Denial Literature: Its Place in Teaching the Holocaust", in Rochelle L. Millen. New Perspectives on the Holocaust: A Guide for Teachers and Scholars, NYU Press, 1996, {{ISBN|0-8147-5540-2}}, p. 189. One of the newer forms of antisemitism is the denial of the Holocaust by negationist historians and neo-Nazis.Antisemitism In The Contemporary World. Edited by Michael Curtis. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1986, 333 pp., $42.50. {{ISBN|0-8133-0157-2}}.

The results of a survey which was conducted in 2020 revealed that close to two-thirds of Millennials and Gen Z adults were not aware that 6 million Jews were killed in the Holocaust.{{Cite web|last=Miller|first=Ryan W.|title=Almost two-thirds of millennials, Gen Z don't know that 6 million Jews were killed in the Holocaust, survey finds|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2020/09/16/holocaust-history-millennials-gen-z-cant-name-concentration-camps/5792448002/|access-date=2021-02-10|website=USA TODAY}} 24% of them believed that the Holocaust might be a myth or that accounts of it are exaggerated.{{Cite web|last=Conference|first=Claims|title=First-Ever 50-State Survey on Holocaust Knowledge of American Millennials and Gen Z Reveals Shocking Results|url=http://www.claimscon.org/millennial-study/|access-date=2021-02-10|website=Claims Conference|date=13 August 2020}}{{Cite web|date=2020-09-16|title=Nearly two-thirds of US young adults unaware 6m Jews killed in the Holocaust|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/sep/16/holocaust-us-adults-study|access-date=2021-02-10|website=The Guardian}}

{{Main|Fascism in the United States}}

{{expand section|date=May 2019}}

File:Knights Party flag.PNG

There are a number of antisemitic organizations in the United States, some of them violent, which espouse religious antisemitism, racial antisemitism, white nationalism and white supremacy. They include Christian Identity Churches, White Aryan Resistance, the Ku Klux Klan, the American Nazi Party, and many other organizations. Several fundamentalist churches, such as the Westboro Baptist Church and the Faithful Word Baptist Church, also preach antisemitic messages. The largest neo-Nazi organizations in the United States are the National Nazi Party and the National Socialist Movement. Adopting the look and emblems of white power skinheads, many members of these antisemitic groups shave their heads and tattoo themselves with Nazi symbols such as swastikas, SS insignias, and "Heil Hitler". Additionally, antisemitic groups march and preach antisemitic messages throughout America.{{Cite web|url=http://www.adl.org/learn/ext_us/WBC/default.asp?LEARN_Cat=Extremism&LEARN_SubCat=Extremism_in_America&xpicked=3&item=WBC|title=Extremism in America - About Westboro Baptist Church|access-date=2011-12-18|archive-date=2010-07-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100707223315/http://www.adl.org/learn/ext_us/WBC/default.asp?LEARN_Cat=Extremism&LEARN_SubCat=Extremism_in_America&xpicked=3&item=WBC|url-status=dead}} Although most American Jews are of European descent and 80% to 90% of them identify as white (as noted by Ilana Kaufman of the Jewish Community Relations Council), white nationalists hate the religious and ethnic diversity that Jews represent.{{cite web|last1=Chang|first1=Ailsa|author-link=Ailsa Chang|last2=Kaufman|first2=Ilana|title=How Anti-Semitism Is Tied To White Nationalism|url=https://www.npr.org/2018/10/30/662253632/how-anti-semitism-is-tied-to-white-nationalism|website=NPR|date=30 October 2018 |access-date=25 April 2023}}

{{Main|Nation of Islam and antisemitism}}

{{Further|Antisemitism in Islam}}

A number of Jewish organizations, Christian organizations, Muslim organizations, and academics consider the Nation of Islam antisemitic. Specifically, they claim that the Nation of Islam has engaged in revisionist and antisemitic interpretations of the Holocaust and exaggerates the role of Jews in the Atlantic slave trade.{{Cite web|url=https://networks.h-net.org/h-antisemitism|title=H-Antisemitism | H-Net|website=networks.h-net.org}}{{failed verification|date=February 2022}}

In December 2012, the Simon Wiesenthal Center put the NOI's leader Louis Farrakhan on its list of the ten most prominent antisemites in the world. He was the only American to make it onto the list. The organization cited statements that he had made in October of that year in which he claimed that "Jews control the media" and "Jews are the most violent of people".{{Cite web|url=https://www.jpost.com/jewish-world/jewish-features/wiesenthal-ranks-top-10-anti-semites-israel-haters|title=Wiesenthal ranks top 10 anti-Semites, Israel-haters|website=The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com|date=28 December 2012 }}

Farrakhan has denied charges of antisemitism, but in his denial, he included a reference to "Satanic Jews" and in another speech referred to Jews as termites.{{cite web|title=Farrakhan: In his own words|url=https://www.adl.org/resources/backgrounder/farrakhan-his-own-words|work=ADL|date=2 August 2023|language=en|access-date=28 October 2024}} After he was banned from Facebook, he denied being a "hater" but admitted that Facebook's designation of him as a "dangerous individual" was correct.{{cite news|last1=G. McCann|first1=Herbert|title=Farrakhan delivers insult while denying he's anti-Semitic|url=https://apnews.com/70da24ff7b344c098e91d9b3505a98e0|work=AP NEWS|date=May 10, 2021|language=en|access-date=17 January 2020}}

{{recentism|date=June 2025}}

{{see also|List of antisemitic incidents in the United States|List of attacks on Jewish institutions{{!}}List of attacks on Jewish institutions in the United States|Lynching of American Jews}}

{{Pie chart

|title = Antisemitic vandalism incidents by location

|value1 = 22

|label1 = Private residence

|value2 = 7

|label2 = College campus

|value3 = 11

|label3 = Jewish institution / school

|value4 = 12

|label4 = Non-Jewish school

|value5 = 35

|label5 = Public area

|value6 = 12

|label6 = Private building / area

|value7 = 1

|label7 = Cemetery

}}

A 2004 poll conducted by Gallup concluded that Americans are much more concerned today about antisemitism than they were twenty years ago, and that American Jews are much more likely to have experienced and report mistreatment as a result of being Jewish than other groups.{{cite news |last= Jones|first= Jeffrey M.|date= 1 July 2024|title= Americans Show Heightened Concern About Antisemitism|url= https://news.gallup.com/poll/646469/americans-show-heightened-concern-antisemitism.aspx|work= Gallup |access-date=10 July 2024}}

However, in 2013 the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) reported a multi-year slide in antisemitism, including a 19% decline in 2013.{{cite web|title=ADL Audit: Anti-Semitic Incidents Declined 19 Percent Across the United States in 2013|url=http://www.adl.org/press-center/press-releases/anti-semitism-usa/adl-audit-anti-semitic-incidents-2013.html|work=ADL|access-date=17 May 2014}}

During the 2013 knockout game spate of violent assaults, all reported "knockout" assaults in New York City targeted Jews.{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/Knockout-Game-Polar-Bearing-Hate-Crimes-Punch-Slap-Video-232695381.html|title=Police Added in Brooklyn Neighborhood Amid "Knockout Game" Attacks|publisher=WNBC|date=2013-11-20|accessdate=2020-01-01}} ABC Nightline reported that New York City police believed that antisemitism was likely to be a motive in the attacks, as all eight victims were identified as Jewish.{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/video/sucker-punch-spike-knockout-game-attacks-21013587|title=Sucker Punch: Possible Spike in 'Knockout Game' Attacks|publisher=ABC Nightline|date=2013-11-26|accessdate=2020-01-01}}

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) organizes Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) which are designed to collect and evaluate statistics of offenses which are committed in the U.S. In 2014, 1,140 victims of anti-religious hate crimes were listed, of which 56.8% were motivated by offenders' anti-Jewish biases. 15,494 law enforcement agencies contributed to the UCR analysis.{{Cite web|url=https://www.fbi.gov/news/stories/latest-hate-crime-statistics-available|title=Latest Hate Crime Statistics Available|website=Federal Bureau of Investigation}}{{Cite web|url=https://ucr.fbi.gov/hate-crime/2014/topic-pages/victims_final|title=Victims|website=FBI}}

According to the American Enterprise Institute, Jews were the most likely of any group, religious or otherwise, to be targeted for hate crimes in the U.S. in 2018,{{cite web|title=New 2018 FBI data: Jews were 2.7X more likely than blacks, 2.2X more likely than Muslims to be hate crime victims|url=https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/new-2018-fbi-data-jews-were-2-7x-more-likely-than-blacks-2-2x-more-likely-than-muslims-to-be-hate-crime-victim/|website=American Enterprise Institute - AEI|date=14 November 2019 |last1=Perry |first1=Mark }} 2016,{{cite web|title=2016 FBI data: Jews were 3X more likely than blacks, 1.5X more likely than Muslims to be hate crime victims|url=https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/2016-fbi-data-jews-were-3x-more-likely-than-blacks-1-5x-more-likely-than-muslims-to-be-a-hate-crime-victim/|website=American Enterprise Institute - AEI|date=13 November 2017 |last1=Perry |first1=Mark }} and 2015.{{cite web|url=https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/2015-fbi-data-jews-were-nearly-3x-more-likely-than-blacks-1-5x-more-likely-than-muslims-to-be-a-hate-crime-victim/|title=2015 FBI data: Jews were nearly 3X more likely than blacks, 1.5X more likely than Muslims to be a hate crime victim|work=American Enterprise Institute - AEI |date=6 December 2016 |last1=Perry |first1=Mark }} The New York Times reported that Jews were the most targeted in proportion to their population size in 2005,{{cite web|last1=Park|first1=Haeyoun|last2=Mykhyalyshyn|first2=Iaryna|title=L.G.B.T. People Are More Likely to Be Targets of Hate Crimes Than Any Other Minority Group|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/06/16/us/hate-crimes-against-lgbt.html|website=The New York Times|date=16 June 2016}} and they were the second-most targeted individuals after LGBT individuals in 2014.{{cite web|title=Interesting facts of the day on US hate crimes in 2014|url=https://www.aei.org/carpe-diem/interesting-facts-of-the-day-on-us-hate-crimes-in-2014/|website=American Enterprise Institute - AEI|date=6 December 2015 |last1=Perry |first1=Mark }}

The NYPD reported a 75% increase in the amount of swastika graffiti between 2016 and 2018, with an uptick observed after the Pittsburgh shooting. Out of 189 hate crimes in New York City in 2018, 150 featured swastikas.{{cite news|title=Hate crimes in NY: Jews targeted in 2018 more than all other groups combined|url=https://forward.com/fast-forward/418047/swastika-graffitti-up-76-since-trump-election-says-nyc-police/|access-date=23 January 2019|publisher=Forward|date=23 January 2018}}

In 2018 and 2019, antisemitism in the United States was reported to have increased compared to previous years according to statistics collected by both the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the ADL. These statistics include both violent antisemitic attacks on Jews and cases of harassment.{{cite news|title=Acts of anti-Semitism are on the rise in New York and elsewhere, leaving Jewish community rattled|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/acts-of-anti-semitism-are-on-the-rise-in-new-york-and-elsewhere-leaving-jewish-community-rattled/2019/12/29/f8c20578-2a7e-11ea-bcb3-ac6482c4a92f_story.html|accessdate=30 December 2019|newspaper=Washington Post|date=29 December 2019}}{{cite news|title=Audit of Anti-Semitic Incidents: Year in Review 2018|url=https://www.adl.org/audit2018#major-findings|accessdate=30 December 2019|publisher=ADL}}{{cite news|title=Anti-Semitic attacks|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/18/nyregion/anti-semitism-brooklyn-new-york.html|accessdate=30 December 2019|work=The New York Times|date=18 February 2019}} The ADL reported that antisemitism in the U.S. had reached "near{{nbh}}historic levels," with 1,879 attacks recorded against individuals and institutions during 2018, "the third{{nbh}}highest year on record since the ADL started tracking such data in the 1970s."{{cite web|title=Anti-Semitic Incidents Remained at Near-Historic Levels in 2018; Assaults Against Jews More Than Doubled|url=https://www.adl.org/news/press-releases/anti-semitic-incidents-remained-at-near-historic-levels-in-2018-assaults|website=Anti-Defamation League}}

On February 1, 2019, graffiti which read "fucking Jews" was found on the wall of a synagogue in LA.{{cite news|title=Anti-Semitic graffiti found on LA synagogue|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/anti-semitic-graffiti-found-on-la-synagogue/|access-date=23 January 2019|newspaper=The Times of Israel|date=1 February 2019}} During Hanukkah festivities in December 2019, a number of attacks committed in New York were possibly motivated by antisemitism, including a mass stabbing in Monsey.{{cite news|title=Synagogue stabbings: five hurt in Monsey attack, say reports|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/dec/29/synagogue-stabbings-three-hurt-in-monsey-attack-say-reports |access-date=December 28, 2019|work=The Guardian|date=December 28, 2019}}

{{Main|Pittsburgh synagogue shooting}}

File:Tree of Life – Or L'Simcha synagogue facade.jpg

The Pittsburgh synagogue shooting was a terrorist attack in the form of a mass shooting, which took place at the Tree of Life – Or L'Simcha Congregation{{cite web|title=Synagogue Life|url=https://www.tolols.org/fullscreen-page/comp-j65rgtsh/8310e407-9e01-4119-a085-587d95f5e327/0/%3Fi%3D0%26p%3D%26s%3D|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181031052641/https://www.tolols.org/fullscreen-page/comp-j65rgtsh/8310e407-9e01-4119-a085-587d95f5e327/0/?i=0&p=&s=|url-status=dead|archive-date=October 31, 2018|publisher=Tree of Life * Or l'Simcha Congregation|access-date=October 27, 2018}} synagogue in the Squirrel Hill neighborhood of Pittsburgh. The congregation, along with New Light Congregation and Congregation Dor Hadash, which also worshipped in the building, was attacked during Shabbat morning services on October 27, 2018. The perpetrator killed eleven people and wounded six. It was the deadliest attack ever on the Jewish community in the United States. A lone suspect, identified as 46-year-old Robert Gregory Bowers, was arrested at the scene. In 2023, he was tried in federal court and sentenced to death.See [https://www.nbcnews.com/news/crime-courts/pittsburgh-synagogue-mass-shooter-robert-bowers-sentenced-death-rcna97942 Julianne McShane and Minyvonne Burke. "Pittsburgh synagogue mass shooter sentenced to death after victims face him in court" NBC News Aug. 3, 2023.]

{{Main|Poway synagogue shooting}}

The Poway synagogue shooting occurred on April 27, 2019, at Chabad of Poway synagogue in Poway, California. It came on the last day of the Jewish Passover holiday, which fell on a Shabbat. Armed with an AR-15–style rifle, the gunman, John Earnest, a White supremacist and Christian traditionalist, fatally shot one woman and injured three other persons, including the synagogue's rabbi. A month before the shooting, Earnest had attempted to burn down a mosque in Escondido. In September 2021, Earnest was sentenced by a state court to life in prison without the possibility of parole.{{Cite news|last1=Kimball|first1=Spencer|date=2019-04-27|title='It was a hate crime': One dead, three injured in synagogue shooting in San Diego area|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/27/police-respond-to-reports-of-shooting-at-synagogue-in-san-diego-area.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190429200823/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/04/27/police-respond-to-reports-of-shooting-at-synagogue-in-san-diego-area.html|archive-date=2019-04-29|access-date=May 5, 2019|work=CNBC|publisher=|language=en-US}}

{{excerpt|2019 Jersey City shooting}}

2019 saw a spate of attacks in which pedestrians wearing identifiably Jewish clothing were assaulted, beaten and often knocked to the ground by an assailant or group of assailants, many of whom shouted antisemitic slurs.{{cite news|title=NYPD Steps Up Patrols|url=https://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/NY-woman-released-after-attacks-on-Jewish-women-assaults-another-woman-612620|accessdate=31 December 2019|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=29 December 2019}}{{cite news|title=Antisemitic Attacks fuel continuing rise in Hate Crimes in New York|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/18/nyregion/anti-semitism-brooklyn-new-york.html|accessdate=31 December 2019|work=The New York Times|date=18 February 2019}} The assailants were black and Hispanic.{{cite news|last1=Rosen|first1=Armin|title=Everybody Knows: As the leading targets of hate crimes, Jews are routinely being attacked in the streets of New York City. So why is no one acting like it's a big deal?|url=https://www.tabletmag.com/jewish-news-and-politics/287821/orthodox-jews-attacked-brooklyn-hate-crime|accessdate=1 January 2020|publisher=Tablet Magazine|date=15 July 2015}} One assailant, Tiffany Harris, who was released without bail after attacking a Jewish woman, attacked three other Jewish women the very next day; all of the victims were dressed in distinctively Jewish clothing.{{cite news|title=NY woman released after attacking Jewish woman, assaults another woman|url=https://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/NY-woman-released-after-attacks-on-Jewish-women-assaults-another-woman-612620|accessdate=31 December 2019|publisher=Jerusalem Post|date=3 December 2019}} Although the Williamsburg and Crown Heights neighborhoods of Brooklyn where most of the assaults have taken place are experiencing gentrification, no similar assaults have been reported on the gentrifiers, although their clothing makes them easy to identify.

In May 2021, there was an upsurge of violent assaults on Jews in the United States at the same time as the Gaza conflict, according to the Secure Community Network and Network Contagion Research Institute.{{cite news|last1=Kampeas|first1=Ron|title=Antisemitic acts in US soared 80% in a month, Jewish group reports|url=https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/antisemitism/antisemitic-acts-in-us-soared-80-percent-in-a-month-jewish-group-reports-669174|access-date=28 February 2022|work=The Jerusalem Post|date=May 26, 2021}}

{{Main|Maugham Elementary School Adolf Hitler assignment controversy}}

In early April 2021,{{Cite news|last=DeMarco|first=Jerry|date=31 May 2021|title=Tenafly 5th Grader Dresses As Hitler For Class Project: 'Pretty Great Wasn't I?'|work=Daily Voice|url=https://dailyvoice.com/new-jersey/englewood/news/tenafly-5th-grader-dresses-as-hitler-for-class-project-pretty-great-wasnt-i/809975/}} a fifth-grade teacher at Maugham Elementary School, a public grammar school in Tenafly, New Jersey, instructed a 5th grade student to dress up as Adolf Hitler and write a first-person essay from the perspective of the Nazi leader touting his "accomplishments" as a part of a class assignment.{{Cite news|last=Eyewitness News|date=4 June 2021|title=Teacher, principal on leave after student's project on Hitler in New Jersey town|work=ABC 7|url=https://abc7ny.com/education/teacher-principal-on-leave-after-students-project-on-hitler/10743194/}}{{Cite news|last=Beachum|first=Lateshia|date=1 June 2021|title=Fifth-grader dresses as Hitler, lauds dictator's 'accomplishments.' A N.J. district is investigating.|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2021/06/01/hitler-new-jersey-essay-holocaust/}}{{Cite news|date=3 June 2021|title=New Jersey, bambina di 9 anni si traveste da Hitler per un compito. Scoppia la polemica: "È antisemitismo"|work=Il Mattino|url=https://www.ilmattino.it/societa/persone/new_jersey_bambina_nove_anni_traveste_hitler_compito_scoppia_polemica_antisemitismo_cosa_sappiamo-6000401.html}}{{Cite news|date=3 June 2021|title=Daily Kickoff|work=Jewish Insider|url=https://jewishinsider.com/2021/06/daily-kickoff-israels-new-coalition-meet-coach-ks-successor-at-duke/}}{{Cite news|last=Freda|first=Gerry|date=4 June 2021|title=Entra in classe "travestita da Hitler". Bufera in una scuola elementare|work=Il Giornale|url=https://www.ilgiornale.it/news/mondo/usa-choc-scuola-elementare-bambina-si-traveste-hitler-classe-1951951.html}} The student wrote a biography of Hitler that glorified the Nazi leader, stated that Hitler's "greatest accomplishment was uniting a great mass of German and Austrian people" in his support, framed the Holocaust in a positive light, and added that Hitler was "pretty great".{{Cite news|last=Alexander|first=Dan|date=1 June 2021|title=Tenafly, NJ 5th grade project on Hitler as 'great' being probed|work=NJ101.5|url=https://nj1015.com/tenafly-nj-5th-grade-project-on-hitler-as-great-being-probed/}}{{Cite news|last=Katzban|first=Nicholas|date=2 June 2021|title=Jewish groups call on community to quell anger toward Tenafly student over Hitler essay|work=NorthJersey.com|url=https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/local/2021/06/02/hitler-bio-tenafly-nj-student-jewish-federation/7515900002/}} The student's essay was displayed publicly within the school's hallway during the month of April.{{Cite news|date=1 June 2021|title=NJ Elementary Student's Assignment Appearing to Glorify Hitler Sparks Outrage|work=NBC New York|url=https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/nj-elementary-students-assignment-appearing-to-glorify-hitler-sparks-outage/3083250/}}{{Cite news|last1=Ford|first1=James|last2=Cook|first2=Lauren|date=1 June 2021|title='I was pretty great, wasn't I': NJ student's Hitler presentation under investigation, school district says|work=PIX 11|url=https://pix11.com/news/local-news/new-jersey/nj-student-dressed-hitler-presentation-tenafly-school-district-investigation/}}{{Cite news|date=1 June 2021|title='I Was Pretty Great, Wasn't I?': Outrage Over Display of Flattering Hitler Bio at New Jersey Elementary School|work=The Algemeiner|url=https://www.algemeiner.com/2021/06/01/i-was-pretty-great-wasnt-i-outrage-over-display-of-flattering-hitler-bio-at-new-jersey-elementary-school/}} In May 2021, the details of the school assignment became known to the public, leading to outrage in the community, which has a substantial Jewish population.{{Cite news|last=Sheldon|first=Chris|date=2 June 2020|title=School reviewing 5th grade student's first-person Hitler essay|work=NJ.com|url=https://www.nj.com/bergen/2021/06/5th-grade-students-first-person-hitler-essay-taken-out-of-context-district-says.html}} After initially defending the teacher and the school's actions and asserting that "it is unfair to judge any student or teacher in this matter",{{Cite news|last=Sheldon|first=Chris|date=4 June 2021|title=Teacher who assigned first-person Hitler essay placed on leave, superintendent says|work=NJ.com|url=https://www.nj.com/bergen/2021/06/teacher-who-assigned-first-person-hitler-essay-placed-on-leave-superintendent-says.html}}{{Cite news|last=Galluccio|first=Bill|date=3 June 2021|title=New Jersey School Board Defends 5th Grade Teacher Over Hitler Assignment|work=NewsRadio WFLA|url=https://wflanews.iheart.com/content/2021-06-03-new-jersey-school-board-defends-5th-grade-teacher-over-hitler-assignment/}}{{Cite news|last=Madani|first=Doha|date=2 June 2021|title=New Jersey school board defends 5th grade student and teacher over Hitler assignment|work=NBC News|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/new-jersey-school-board-defends-5th-grade-student-teacher-over-n1269426}} the board of Tenafly Public Schools suspended the teacher and the principal of the school with pay in June 2021 and opened an investigation into the incident.{{Cite news|last=Katzban|first=Nicholas|date=4 June 2021|title=New Jersey teacher, principal on paid leave after student's report on Hitler's 'accomplishments'|work=USA Today|publisher=Gannett|agency=NorthJersey.com|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2021/06/04/tenafly-hitler-project-nj-teacher-principal-placed-leave/7540687002/}} Following the investigation, the teacher resigned and the principal was reinstated.{{cite news |date= 13 July 2024|title= New Jersey teacher resigns after student's Hitler assignment|url= https://apnews.com/article/education-new-jersey-ff3daf89cf6ba5b949c96cf89398d752|work= Associated Press|access-date=24 July 2024}}{{cite news |last=Noda |first=Stephanie |date= 13 July 2021|title= Principal returns, teacher resigns in Tenafly after Hitler assignment|url= https://www.northjersey.com/story/news/bergen/tenafly/2021/07/12/tenafly-nj-hitler-report-principal-returns-teacher-resigns/7946303002/|work= North Jersey|access-date=24 July 2024}}

In February 2023, 28-year-old Jaime Tran shot two Jewish men when they were leaving religious services at two separate synagogues in the same predominantly Jewish neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. According to the police, the victims were carried to a hospital in stable condition. Tran was arrested by police and admitted he shot the men for being Jewish. Tran, who often posted far-right antisemitic content online, may be sentenced to life in prison.{{cite web|last1=Campbell|first1=Josh|last2=Tucker|first2=Emma|title=Federal prosecutors charge man with 2 hate crimes after allegedly shooting 2 Jewish men in Los Angeles|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2023/02/17/us/los-angeles-jewish-shooting-suspect-arrest/index.html|website=CNN|date=17 February 2023}}

In June 2023, four Jewish homes were set on fire, one of which was destroyed completely, and fourteen others were sprayed with antisemitic graffiti including swastikas and other Neo{{nbh}}Nazi and white supremacist symbols in Toms River, New Jersey. A Hispanic family was targeted too. The perpetrator of these attacks, Ronald "Ron" Carr, 35, from nearby Manchester, told the police that he acted to "save the neighborhood" from Jews, who "are ruining the world" and "should be a dying breed".{{cite news|last=Wall|first=Karen|date=30 June 2023|title=Man Made Multiple Antisemitic Statements In Manchester Arson, Bias Spree: Police|url=https://patch.com/new-jersey/manchester-nj/man-made-multiple-antisemitic-statements-manchester-spree-police|work=Patch|location=|access-date=28 September 2024}} He was sentenced to seven years in prison.{{cite news|date= 18 August 2024|title=New Jersey man sentenced to 7 years in arson, antisemitic graffiti cases|url=https://abc7ny.com/post/ocean-county-news-new-jersey-man-ron-carr-sentenced-7-years-arson-antisemitic-graffiti-cases/15200882/|work=ABC News|access-date=20 August 2024}}{{cite news|last=Eichner|first=Itamar|date=20 August 2024|title=7 years in prison for NJ man in arson, antisemitic graffiti attacks|url=https://www.ynetnews.com/article/bymjnpyjr|work=YNET News|access-date=20 August 2024}}{{cite news|last=Starr|first=Michael|date=19 August 2024|title=Antisemitic New Jersey arsonist sentenced to 7 years for destroying home|url=https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/antisemitism/article-815347|work=Jerusalem Post|location=|access-date=20 August 2024}}

In 2023, antisemitic hate crimes accounted for almost half of the total hate crimes committed in New York State.{{cite news|last= Hannah|first=Sarisohn|date=29 August 2024|title=Anti-Jewish hate crimes reported in NY last year accounted for almost half of all hate crimes|url=https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/antisemitism/article-817029|work=Jerusalem Post|access-date=5 September 2024}}

According to a report published by Florida Attorney-General Ashley Moody, the number of antisemitic crimes in Florida increased by 94% in 2023 compared to 2022. These crimes occurred on campuses, in places of worship, and in other areas. Moody also called to action: "To protect Jewish Americans, we took action – calling for a zero-tolerance policy for hate crimes and urging Florida college and university police chiefs to protect Jewish students and other religious groups".{{Cite web|date=2025-01-06|title=Antisemitic crime up by 94% in Florida, 70% in Mass., states warn|url=https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/antisemitism/article-836329|access-date=2025-01-16|website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com|language=en}}

According to the Massachusetts Executive Office of Public Safety and Security's Hate Crimes in Massachusetts 2023 report, the number of antisemitic crimes in Florida increased by 70% in 2023 compared to 2022.

A September 2024 survey showed that 3.5 million adult American Jews – about one third of American Jews – experienced some form of antisemitism in the year following the Hamas-led attacks of 7 October 2023.{{cite news|last=Greenwood|first=Hanan|date=7 October 2024|title=Survey: Antisemites target 1 in every 3 US Jews|url=https://www.israelhayom.com/2024/10/07/one-third-of-american-jews-have-faced-antisemitism-since-oct-7/|work=Israel Hayom|access-date=10 October 2024}}{{cite news|date=7 October 2024|title=3.5 million US Jews experienced antisemitism since Oct. 7 Hamas attack, survey finds|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/3-5-million-us-jews-experienced-antisemitism-since-oct-7-hamas-attack-survey-finds/|work=Times of Israel|access-date=1 October 2024}}

According to a 2025 report by Tel Aviv University, several major U.S. cities recorded an increase in antisemitic hate crimes in 2024 compared to previous years. New York City, home to the largest Jewish population in the country, reported 344 incidents, up from 325 in 2023 and 264 in 2022. Similarly, Chicago saw an increase to 79 incidents in 2024, compared to 50 in 2023 and 39 in 2022. Austin reported a rise to 15 cases in 2024, from six in 2023 and four in 2022, while Denver experienced a sharp increase to 31 cases in 2024 from nine the previous year.{{Cite web |year=2025 |title=Antisemitism Worldwide Report For 2024 |url=https://cst.tau.ac.il/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/AntisemitismWorldwide_2024.pdf |website=Tel Aviv University |pages=13–14}}

In July 2024, a New York City Jew wrote about feeling threatened in New York City after being assaulted in Central Park.{{cite news|last=Ripp|first= Allan|date=25 July 2024|title=I Never Thought I Could Be Attacked as a Jew in New York City—Until It Happened.|url= https://www.wsj.com/us-news/i-never-thought-i-could-be-attacked-as-a-jew-in-new-york-cityuntil-it-happened-9c25d246|work= Wall Street Journal|access-date=28 August 2024}}

In August 2024, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security announced that it had allocated $454.5 million for the 2024 fiscal year to securing Jewish religious institutions in light of rising antisemitism. This is a $150 million increase from the 2023 budget.

Also in August 2024, AIPAC's headquarters in Washington, D.C. were vandalized by anti{{nbh}}Israel activists.{{cite news|last=Starr|first=Michael|date=27 August 2024|title=AIPAC headquarters vandalized by anti-Israel activists|url=https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/article-816645|work=Jerusalem Post|access-date=28 August 2024}}{{cite news|last=Strack|first=Haley|date=7 August 2024|title=Anti-Israel Radicals Vandalize AIPAC Headquarters in Washington|url=https://www.nationalreview.com/news/anti-israel-radicals-vandalize-aipac-headquarters-in-washington/|work=National Review|access-date=28 August 2024}} This happened around the same time as swastikas were graffitied throughout a NYC neighborhood,{{cite news|last=Starr|first=Michael|date=25 August 2024|title=Swastikas graffitied throughout NYC neighborhood|url=https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/antisemitism/article-816255|work=Jerusalem Post|access-date=28 August 2024}} and four Maryland schools were vandalized with anti{{nbh}}Israel and antisemitic graffiti.{{cite news|last=Starr|first=Michael|date=20 August 2024|title=Four more Maryland schools vandalized with antisemitic, anti-Israel graffiti|url=https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/antisemitism/article-815583|work= Jerusalem Post|access-date=28 August 2024}} New York Police Department reported 19 antisemitic incidents in New York City in August 2024 alone,{{cite news|last=Kampeas|first=Ron|date=5 September 2024|title= NYPD reports 19 antisemitic incidents in August as anti-Muslim acts also spike|url=https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/article-818806|work=Jerusalem Post|access-date=5 September 2024}} with a total of 117 incidents between January and the end of September 2024, a 74% increase from the same period the previous year.{{cite news|last=Tress|first=Luke|date=9 October 2024|title=Police data shows antisemitic hate crimes have surged in NYC this year|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/police-data-shows-antisemitic-hate-crimes-have-surged-in-nyc-this-year/|work=Times of Israel|access-date=10 October 2024}} In September 2024, the FBI reported that there was a 63% increase in antisemitic incidents in the U.S. in 2023 from the previous year, for a total of an all-time high of 1,832 recorded incidents.{{cite news|date=23 September 2024|title=Antisemitic hate crimes in US surged 63% in 2023, to all-time high of 1,832 – FBI|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/antisemitic-hate-crimes-in-us-surged-63-in-2023-to-all-time-high-of-1832-fbi/|work=Times of Israel|access-date=26 September 2024}}

Antisemitism has also been reported during the 2024 and 2025 pro-Palestinian protests on university campuses,{{cite news|title=Colleges struggle with allowing protests and preventing antisemitism and intimidation|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/colleges-struggle-with-allowing-protests-and-preventing-antisemitism-and-intimidation|accessdate=22 May 2024|work=PBS|date=23 April 2024}}{{cite news|title=Students at Top Universities Call Antisemitism a Problem, Poll Finds|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/national-news/articles/2024-05-13/poll-students-at-top-universities-call-antisemitism-a-problem|accessdate=22 May 2024|work=PBS|date=13 May 2024}} as well as complaints about antisemitism in various public school districts.{{cite news|last=Rubinkam|first=Michael|date=23 July 2024|title=Antisemitism runs rampant in Philadelphia schools, Jewish group alleges in civil rights complaint|url=https://apnews.com/article/philadelphia-school-district-antisemitism-complaint-2f0ad56849a91c66033853a3433bddec|work=AP News|access-date=24 July 2024}}

File:Jerusalem Coffee House 3.jpg

In June, the Justice Department announced that it filed a lawsuit against the owners of the Jerusalem Coffee House in Oakland, California. The lawsuit alleges that the defendants discriminated against Jewish customers, in violation of Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, or national origin in places of public accommodation.{{Cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-sues-coffee-house-refusal-serve-jewish-customers|title=Office of Public Affairs | Justice Department Sues Coffee House for Refusal to Serve Jewish Customers | United States Department of Justice|date=June 9, 2025|website=www.justice.gov}}{{Cite web|url=https://sfstandard.com/2025/06/09/jerusalem-coffee-house-oakland-department-of-justice-lawsuit/|title=Feds sue Oakland cafe that allegedly booted Jewish customers|date=June 9, 2025|website=The San Francisco Standard}}

Also in June, U.S. Democratic Representative Mark Pocan incited controversy with a tweet directed at white house deputy chief of staff Stephen Miller, who is jewish, telling him to "go back to 1930's Germany". The white house demanded an apology, which Pocan refused.{{cite web | url=https://www.politico.com/news/2025/06/26/mark-pocan-stephen-miller-00427251 | title=White House condemns Democrat who told Stephen Miller to 'go back to 1930's Germany' | website=Politico }}

In July, videos resurfaced that had been shared by Democratic New York City mayoral candidate Zohran Mamdani that depicted Indian men wearing traditional jewish garments in front of a menorah and spinning dreidels. The video was described as "sick" by antisemitism awareness groups, which renewed calls for Mamdani to condemn the phrase "globalize the intifada." {{Cite web|url=https://www.mediaite.com/media/news/this-is-sick-zohran-mamdani-ripped-by-jewish-advocacy-group-for-posting-hanukkah-video-showing-indian-men-cosplaying-jews/|title=Zohran Mamdani Called Out for Posting Video Mocking Hanukkah|first=Joe|last=DePaolo|date=July 6, 2025}}

Also in July, parents of three students at the Nysmith school in Herndon, Virginia filed a civil rights complaint against the school, alleging widespread and persistent atisemitic bullying of the pupils at the school. The complaint alleges that students drew a large image of Adolph Hitler during an assignment to draw a "great historical leader", and telling the three jewish students that jews are "baby killers" who deserved to die. The three jewish students were expelled in the aftermath of the complaint. {{Cite web|url=https://www.fairfaxtimes.com/articles/lawsuit-nysmith-classmates-told-jewish-sixth-grader-jews-are-baby-killers-who-deserve-to-die/article_fb7d0bc7-6efc-40fc-a4b7-5441a649d5f5.html|title=Lawsuit: Nysmith classmates told Jewish sixth grader Jews are ‘baby killers’ who ‘deserve to die’|first=Asra Q. Nomani / Fairfax County|last=Times|date=July 3, 2025|website=Fairfax County Times}}

In October 2024, in the aftermath of Hurricane Helene, there were complains of online posts containing antisemitic rhetoric and threatening violence against FEMA officials have surfaced in the aftermath of the storm.{{cite news |last= Medina|first= Eduardo|date= 8 October 2024|title= Antisemitism and Threats Directed at Officials Over Storm Response|url= https://www.nytimes.com/2024/10/08/us/north-carolina-floods-antisemitic-social-media.html|work= NY Times |access-date=10 October 2024}}{{cite news |last1= Oremus |first1= Will|last2= Joselow|first2= Maxine |date= 8 October 2024|title= Officials face antisemitic attacks over Hurricane Helene response|url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2024/10/08/hurricane-helene-antisemitic-misinformation-x/|newspaper= Washington Post|location= |access-date=}} Many were disturbed at the speed at which these false claims were spread.

{{main|List of antisemitic incidents in the United States}}

File:Seattle Jewish Federation.jpg

File:Tree of Life Synagogue Memorials 10-30-2018 01.jpg

• 2003{{snd}}Murder of Ariel Sellouk{{citation needed|date=May 2025}}
• 2006{{snd}}Seattle Jewish Federation shooting at the Jewish Federation of Greater Seattle building in Seattle, Washington by Naveed Haq. One dead and six others injured.{{citation needed|date=May 2025}}
• 2009{{snd}}United States Holocaust Memorial Museum shooting{{citation needed|date=May 2025}}
• 2014 Overland Park shootings at the Jewish Community Center of Greater Kansas City and Village Shalom in Overland Park, Kansas by former Klansman Frazier Glenn Miller Jr. Three people died in the shooting.{{citation needed|date=May 2025}}
• 2018{{snd}}Murder of Blaze Bernstein at Borrego Park in Orange County, California by Atomwaffen Division (AWD) member Samuel Woodard in Orange County, California.{{citation needed|date=May 2025}}
• 2018{{snd}}Pittsburgh synagogue shooting at Tree of Life - Or L'Simcha Congregation by Gab user Robert Bowers in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Eleven dead and six others injured.{{citation needed|date=May 2025}}
• 2019{{snd}}Poway synagogue shooting at the Chabad of Poway by John Timothy Earnest in Poway, California. One dead and six others injured.{{citation needed|date=May 2025}}
• 2019 Jersey City shooting at JC Kosher Supermarket by Black Hebrew Israelites David Anderson and Francine Graham in Jersey City, New Jersey. Five dead and three others injured (including perpetrators){{citation needed|date=May 2025}}
• 2019{{snd}}Monsey Hanukkah stabbing at Forshay Road in Monsey, New York by Black Hebrew Israelites member Grafton E. Thomas. Five injured. Three months after the attack, 72-year-old victim Josef Neumann died from his wounds.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/local/monsey-stabbing-victim-josef-neumann-dies-council/2350100/|title=Monsey Stabbing Victim Josef Neumann Dies: Council|date=30 March 2020}}
• 2021{{snd}}Beating of Joseph Borgen in Times Square{{snd}}Kippah-wearing American called a "dirty Jew", pepper{{nbh}}sprayed, concussed, bludgeoned, and kicked by several pro{{nbh}}Palestinian demonstrators.{{Cite web|title=NYPD investigates more anti-Semitic attacks after Jewish teens beaten, synagogue worshippers harassed|url=https://news.yahoo.com/nypd-investigates-more-anti-semitic-155118634.html|access-date=2021-05-24|website=news.yahoo.com|language=en-US}}{{Cite web|author=Madeline Holcombe|title=The Jewish man who was the victim of a gang assault in New York says the level of hatred was troubling|url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/05/22/us/jewish-man-attacked-new-york-times-square/index.html|access-date=2021-05-24|website=CNN|date=22 May 2021}}
• 2022 Colleyville synagogue hostage crisis{{snd}}Four hostages including the Rabbi taken at a synagogue in Colleyville, Texas.{{cite news|last1=Williams|first1=Michael|title=Colleyville police SWAT team involved in incident at synagogue|url=https://www.dallasnews.com/news/crime/2022/01/15/colleyville-police-swat-team-involved-in-incident-at-synagogue/|access-date=15 January 2022|work=The Dallas Morning News|date=15 January 2022|archive-date=15 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115210817/https://www.dallasnews.com/news/crime/2022/01/15/colleyville-police-swat-team-involved-in-incident-at-synagogue/|url-status=live}}
• 2024{{snd}}A pro-Palestinian rally taking place outside a Synagogue in Los Angeles, California turned into a chaotic street violence with pro-Israel counterprotesters.{{cite news|last1=Von Quednow|first1=Cindy|last2=Levenson|first2=Eric|date=24 June 2024|title=Pro-Palestinian protest outside LA synagogue criticized as 'antisemitic' after street fights with pro-Israel protesters|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2024/06/24/us/los-angeles-synagogue-palestinian-israeli-protest-violence/index.html|work=CNN|access-date=26 June 2024}} Several officials, including President Joe Biden, have criticized the incident as antisemitic. A Jewish woman was beaten at the scene.{{cite news|last=Kessel|first=Zach|date=24 June 2024|title=Anti-Israel Mob Beats Jewish Woman in Riot outside Los Angeles Synagogue|url=https://www.nationalreview.com/news/anti-israel-mob-beats-jewish-woman-in-riot-outside-los-angeles-synagogue/|work=National Review|access-date=26 June 2024}} At least two lawsuits have been filed against the protest groups, alleging that they violated the law by blocking people from attending a religious event.{{cite news|last=Starr|first=Michael|date=29 July 2024|title=Lawsuit hits protest groups, funder over Pico-Robertson synagogue riots|url=https://www.jpost.com/diaspora/antisemitism/article-812203|work=Jerusalem Post|access-date=1 August 2024}}
• 2024{{snd}}A visibly Jewish man was attacked while walking down the street in Norman, Oklahoma by a man who called him a "dirty Jew". The victim was taken to the hospital suffering from bruises and a cerebral hemorrhage, making international news.{{cite news|last=Eichner|first=Itamar|date=18 September 2024|title='They called me a dirty Jew' says victims of antisemitic attack in Oklahoma|url=https://www.ynetnews.com/article/rkll25u6r|work=YNET News|access-date=19 September 2024}} However, the Norman Police Department later stated that obtained video footage depicted "significant disagreement" with this narrative and that the "reporting party, initially reported as the victim" of a hate crime was shown on video to actually be the "aggressor," who engaged an individual in a series of "mutual combat."{{cite news|last=Lele|first=Ismael|date=25 September 2024|title=Norman police deny hate crime intent in Campus Corner fight, say video shows 'mutual combat'|url=https://www.oudaily.com/news/norman-police-deny-hate-crime-intent-campus-corner-fight-video-shows-mutual-combat/article_be164576-79b4-11ef-874b-0b03f24431e8.html|work=OU Daily|access-date=15 February 2025}}
• 2025 - an Egyptian national named Mohamed Soliman was charged after using a garden sprayer filled with gasoline and a Molotov cocktail to injure 15 people and kill another in an antisemitic attack in Boulder, Colorado{{cite news |title=Suspect in Boulder antisemitic attack is charged with a federal hate crime. Here's what we know |url=https://www.cnn.com/2025/06/01/us/boulder-colorado-attack |access-date=6 June 2025 |agency=CNN}} Soliman had previously attempted to purchase a firearm but was denied; police stated that he stated that this was because of his immigration status.{{Cite web |last=Leonard |first=Brianna |date=2025-06-04 |title=Suspect in Boulder attack was denied handgun, permit in El Paso County in 2024 |url=https://www.kktv.com/2025/06/04/suspect-boulder-attack-was-denied-handgun-permit-el-paso-county-2024/ |access-date=2025-06-11 |website=KKTV |language=en}}{{cite web |last1=Cann,Trethan |title=USA today |website=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2025/06/02/mohamed-soliman-boulder-colorado-terror-attack-suspect/83986962007/ |access-date=11 June 2025}} Democrats condemned the attack and used the incident to promote gun control.{{cite news |title=Raskin uses Boulder attack to push stricter gun control amid antisemitic violence |url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/politics/3429083/jamie-raskin-boulder-attack-gun-control/ |access-date=6 June 2025 |agency=The Washington Examiner}}
• 2025 - Jewish U.S. Representative Max Miller from Ohio said he was run off the road in an antisemitic road rage incident while driving to work. The suspect, who later turned himself in to authorities, reportedly used antisemitic slurs, waved a Palestinian flag, and threatened Miller and his family.{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/congressman-max-miller-run-off-road-driver-waving/story?id=123035273|title=Suspect arrested in alleged antisemitic road rage incident involving Rep. Max Miller|website=ABC News}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/suspect-arrested-gop-rep-max-miller-run-road-palestinian-flag-rcna214108|title=Suspect arrested after GOP Rep. Max Miller says he was 'run off the road' by a man waving a Palestinian flag|date=June 20, 2025|website=NBC News}}{{Cite web|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/5359953-max-miller-run-off-road/|title=GOP congressman says he was run off the road by 'deranged man' on the way to work|first=Sarah|last=Fortinsky|date=June 19, 2025}}

{{further|Universities and antisemitism|Academic boycott of Israel#United States|Qatari involvement in higher education in the United States|Antisemitism and higher education in the United States}}

Many Jewish intellectuals who fled from Nazi Germany after Adolf Hitler's rise to power in the 1930s immigrated to the United States. There, they hoped to continue their academic careers, but barring a scant few, they found little acceptance in elite institutions in Depression-era America with its undercurrent of antisemitism. Instead, they found work in historically black colleges and universities in the American South.{{Cite news|url=https://aaregistry.org/story/jewish-profs-and-hbcus/|title=Jewish Prof's and HBCU's - African American Registry|work=African American Registry|access-date=2018-12-24}}{{Cite journal|last=Hoch|first=Paul K.|date=1983-05-11|title=The reception of central European refugee physicists of the 1930s: USSR, UK, US.|journal=Annals of Science|volume=40|issue=3|pages=217–246|doi=10.1080/00033798300200211|issn=0003-3790}}

On April 3, 2006, the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights announced its finding that incidents of antisemitism are a "serious problem" on college campuses throughout the United States. The Commission recommended for the U.S. Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights to protect college students from antisemitism by vigorous enforcement of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. It further recommended for the U.S. Congress to clarify that Title VI applies to discrimination against Jewish students.U.S. Commission on Civil Rights: {{cite web|url=http://www.usccr.gov/pubs/050306FRUSCCRRCAS.pdf|title=Findings and Recommendations Regarding Campus Antisemitism}} {{small|(19.3 KiB)}}. April 3, 2006

In February 2015, the Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law and Trinity College{{cite web|last1=Kosmin|first1=Barry|last2=Keysar|first2=Ariela|title=Anti-Semitism Report|url=http://www.brandeiscenter.com/images/uploads/articleuploads/trinity-Anti-Semitism.pdf|website=Louis D. Brandeis Center|publisher=Louis D. Brandeis Cent for Human Rights Under Law|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318213350/http://www.brandeiscenter.com/images/uploads/articleuploads/trinity-Anti-Semitism.pdf|archive-date=2015-03-18}} presented the results of a national survey of American Jewish college students. The survey had a 10–12% response rate and did not claim to be representative. The report showed that 54% of the 1,157 self-identified Jewish students at 55 campuses nationwide who took part in the online survey reported having experienced or witnessed antisemitism on their campuses during the Spring semester of the last academic year.

A 2017 report by Brandeis University's Steinhardt Social Research Institute indicated that most Jewish students never experience anti-Jewish remarks or physical attacks. The study, "Limits to Hostility," notes that even though it is often reported in the news, actual antisemitic hostility remains rare on most campuses and is seldom encountered by Jewish students.{{cite web|last1=Lipman|first1=Steve|title=What Anti-Semitism On Campus?|url=https://jewishweek.timesofisrael.com/what-anti-semitism-on-campus/|website=The New York Jewish Week|publisher=The Jewish Week Media Group|access-date=10 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209163005/https://jewishweek.timesofisrael.com/what-anti-semitism-on-campus/|archive-date=9 February 2019|date=18 December 2017|url-status=live}} The study attempted to document the student experience at the campus level, adding detail to previous national-level surveys.{{cite web|last1=Wright|first1=Graham|last2=Shain|first2=Michelle|last3=Hecht|first3=Shahar|last4=Saxe|first4=Leonard|title=The Limits of Hostility:Students Report on Antisemitism and Anti-Israel Sentiment at Four US Universities|url=https://www.brandeis.edu/ssri/pdfs/campusstudies/LimitsofHostility.pdf|publisher=Brandeis University |access-date=10 December 2019|date=December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171218135607/https://www.brandeis.edu/ssri/pdfs/campusstudies/LimitsofHostility.pdf|archive-date=December 18, 2017|url-status=dead}}{{rp|5}} The report summary highlights the finding that antisemitism exists on campus, but "Jewish students do not think their campus is hostile to Jews."

The National Demographic Survey of American Jewish College Students provided a snapshot of the type, context, and location of antisemitism as it was experienced by a large national sample of Jewish students on university and four-year college campuses.{{cite web|title=National Survey of U.S. Jewish College Students Shows High Rate of Anti-Semitism on Campuses|url=http://www.trincoll.edu/NewsEvents/NewsArticles/pages/National-Survey-of-U-S-Jewish-College-Students-Shows-High-Rate-of-Anti-Semitism.aspx|work=Trinity College|access-date=4 August 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160212005945/https://www.trincoll.edu/NewsEvents/NewsArticles/pages/National-Survey-of-U-S-Jewish-College-Students-Shows-High-Rate-of-Anti-Semitism.aspx|archive-date=February 12, 2016}} Inside Higher Ed focused on the more surprising findings of the report, like the fact that high rates of antisemitism were also reported at institutions regardless of their location or type, and the data collected after the survey suggests that discrimination occurs during low-level, everyday interpersonal activities, and Jewish students feel that their reports of antisemitism are largely ignored by the administration.{{cite web|last1=Mulhere|first1=Kaitlin|title=Campus Anti-Semitism|url=https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2015/02/24/bias-reported-survey-jewish-college-students|access-date=4 August 2016}} However, not all of the reception was positive, and The Forward argued that the study documented only a snapshot in time, rather than a trend; it did not survey a representative sample of Jewish college students; and it was flawed by allowing students to define antisemitism and thus the term open to interpretation.{{cite web|last1=Ulinich|first1=Anya|title=The Anti-Semitism Surge That Isn't|url=http://forward.com/opinion/editorial/217167/the-anti-semitism-surge-that-isnt/|website=The Forward|date=24 March 2015 |access-date=4 August 2016}}

In September 2021, in collaboration with the Cohen Group, the Brandeis Center conducted a poll of American Jewish fraternity and sorority members. The survey found that more than 65% of the respondents had experienced or were familiar with an antisemitic attack in the previous 120 days. Nearly half of the respondents felt the need to hide their Jewish identity out of fear.{{Cite news|last=Murakami|first=Kery|date=November 26, 2021|title="Jewish leaders worry about rising antisemitism from the left"|work=The Washington Times|url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2021/nov/26/jewish-leaders-worry-about-rising-antisemitism-lef/|access-date=July 6, 2022}}

The October 7, 2023 Israel–Hamas conflict has significantly impacted the prevalence of antisemitism on college campuses across the United States. Many Jewish students and organizations have reported an increase in harassment, discrimination, and intimidation during and after protests linked to the conflict. Examples include instances of swastika graffiti on campus property, the assault of students for expressing pro-Israel views, and overall increases in antisemitic acts, especially on college campuses.{{cite web|title=Oxford Chabad Was Vandalised With Swastika on Anniversary of October 7|url=https://www.thejc.com/news/oxford-chabad-was-vandalised-with-swastika-on-anniversary-of-october-7-pdzb88b5|website=The Jewish Chronicle|date=5 December 2024 |access-date=7 December 2024}}{{cite web|title=Columbia Responds to a Post-October 7 World|url=https://magazine.columbia.edu/article/columbia-responds-post-october-7-world|website=Columbia Magazine|access-date=7 December 2024}}{{cite web|title=Audit of Antisemitic Incidents 2023|url=https://notoleranceforantisemitism.adl.org/resources/report/audit-antisemitic-incidents-2023|website=Anti-Defamation League|access-date=7 December 2024}} These incidents have intensified debates over free speech and the responsibilities of universities to address hate speech.

Reports from the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) highlight a marked increase in antisemitic incidents following October 7, 2023. The ADL documented 5,204 antisemitic incidents in the months following the conflict, a sum greater than the total amount of incidents from all of 2022. On college campuses, incidents spiked by 321%, totaling 922 reported cases. Fifty-two percent of post-October 7 incidents referenced Israel, Zionism, or Palestine. Despite the focus on these geopolitical issues, antisemitic incidents unrelated to Israel also increased by 65% year-over-year, underscoring the widespread nature of the problem.

In January 2025, Harvard University settled two civil rights lawsuits alleging inadequate protection of Jewish students from antisemitism on campus. As part of the settlement, Harvard adopted the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) definition of antisemitism in its nondiscrimination policies. The agreement also included commitments to provide expert training on antisemitism for staff and students, clarify that targeting Zionists constitutes harassment, and an undisclosed monetary payment. While Harvard denied any wrongdoing, this settlement highlights increasing attention to antisemitism within U.S. higher education. The adoption of the IHRA definition remains controversial, with supporters advocating for its comprehensive approach to combating antisemitism and critics warning against potential restrictions on free speech.{{Cite web |last=Gershman |first=Jacob |title=Harvard University Reaches Campus Antisemitism Settlements |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/education/harvard-university-antisemitism-settlements-c0c9c1ed |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=WSJ |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |last1=Relations |first1=Media |last2=Rodriguez |first2=Laurie |date=2025-01-21 |title=The Brandeis Center and Jewish Americans for Fairness in Education Agree with Harvard to Settle Title VI Litigation |url=https://www.harvard.edu/media-relations/2025/01/21/press-release-settlement-harvard-brandeis-ctr-jafe/ |access-date=2025-02-26 |website=Media Relations |language=en-US}}{{Cite news |last=Patel |first=Vimal |date=2025-01-22 |title=Harvard Adopts a Definition of Antisemitism for Discipline Cases |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/21/us/harvard-antisemitism-definition-discipline.html |access-date=2025-02-26 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}

President Donald Trump declared himself to be a supporter of Israel and American Jews. Trump signed the Executive Order on Combating Anti-Semitism.David N. Myers, "The Perils of Naming: On Donald Trump, Jews, and Antisemites," Journal of Holocaust Research (2021) 35:2, 154-162, DOI:10.1080/25785648.2021.1899511 However, a 2019 survey by the Jewish Electorate Institute found that 73% of American Jews feel less secure since the election of Donald Trump to the presidency. Since 2016, antisemitic attacks against synagogues have contributed to this fear. The 2019 survey found that combatting antisemitism is a priority issue in domestic politics among American Jews, including millennials.[https://www.jewishelectorateinstitute.org/poll-domestic-issues-dominate-the-priorities-of-the-jewish-electorate/ "Poll: Domestic Issues Dominate The Priorities Of The Jewish Electorate."] Jewish Electorate Institute. 22 May 2019. 22 May 2019.

Prominent members of the African-American community have spoken out against antisemitism, including Kareem Abdul-Jabbar{{Cite web|date=2020-07-14|title=Kareem Abdul-Jabbar: Where Is the Outrage Over Anti-Semitism in Sports and Hollywood?|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/kareem-abdul-jabbar-is-outrage-anti-semitism-sports-hollywood-1303210|access-date=2021-02-10|website=The Hollywood Reporter|language=en}} and Zach Banner.{{Cite web|last=Kobrinetz|first=Shayna|title=USC alum Zach Banner uses platform to fight anti-semitism|url=https://usctrojans.com/news/2020/7/11/usc-athletics-usc-alum-zach-banner-uses-platform-to-fight-anti-semitism.aspx|access-date=2021-02-10|website=USC Athletics|language=en}} In December 2022, taking a joint stand against increasing instances of racism and antisemitism in the United States, African-American leaders New York City Mayor Eric Adams, Reverends Al Sharpton and Conrad Tillard, and Vista Equity Partners CEO and Carnegie Hall Chairman Robert F. Smith, joined Jewish leaders Rabbi Shmuley Boteach and Elisha Wiesel, and jointly hosted 15 Days of Light, celebrating Hanukkah and Kwanzaa in a unifying holiday ceremony at Carnegie Hall.{{Cite web|url=http://amsterdamnews.com/news/2022/12/21/mayor-eric-adams-the-rev-al-sharpton-others-gather-for-joint-kwanzaa-hanukkah-celebration/|title=Mayor Eric Adams, Rev. Al Sharpton, others gather for joint Kwanzaa, Hanukkah celebration|date=December 21, 2022|website=New York Amsterdam News}} Sharpton said: "There is never a time more needed than now for Blacks and Jews to remember the struggle that we've gone through. You can't fight for anybody if you don't fight for everybody. I cannot fight for Black rights if I don't fight for Jewish rights ... because then it becomes a matter of self-aggrandizement rather than fighting for humanity. It's easy for Blacks to stand up for racism. It's easy for Jews to stand up to antisemitism. But if you want to really be a leader, you got to speak as a Black against antisemitism and antisemites, and you got to speak as a Jew against racism."{{Cite web|url=https://www.jns.org/wire/mayor-eric-adams-rev-al-sharpton-robert-f-smith-robert-f-smith-rev-conrad-tillard-rabbi-shmuley-boteach-and-elisha-wiesel-join-together-to-host-15-days-of-light-celebrating-hanukkah-and/|title=Mayor Eric Adams, Rev. Al Sharpton, Robert F. Smith, Robert F. Smith, Rev. Conrad Tillard, Rabbi Shmuley Boteach and Elisha Wiesel join together to host '15 Days of Light,' celebrating Hanukkah and Kwanzaa|website=JNS}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/now/black-jewish-leaders-gather-carnegie-032200862.html|title=Black and Jewish Leaders Gather at Carnegie Hall to Take a Stand Against Antisemitism and Racism|website=Yahoo|date=December 20, 2022|access-date=December 30, 2022|archive-date=December 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221225013742/https://www.yahoo.com/now/black-jewish-leaders-gather-carnegie-032200862.html|url-status=dead}} Smith said: "When we unify the souls of our two communities, we can usher in light to banish the darkness of racism, bigotry, and antisemitism."

In 2023, the Biden administration launched{{Citation |title=Launch of U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism | date=25 May 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xPt8ZWreEjE |access-date=2023-07-24 |language=en}} the U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism, and in 2024, the US State Department (together with 35 other countries) released non-binding global guidelines for countering antisemitism.{{cite web |url=https://www.state.gov/global-guidelines-for-countering-antisemitism/ |title=Global Guidelines for Countering Antisemitism |date=17 July 2024 |website=State Department |publisher= |access-date=18 July 2024}}{{cite news |last=Magid |first=Jacob |date=17 July 2024 |title=US leads countries adopting new guidelines for combatting antisemitism |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/us-leads-countries-adopting-new-guidelines-for-combatting-antisemitism/ |work=Times of Israel |access-date=18 July 2024}}{{cite news |date=18 July 2024 |title=US and 35 countries, international bodies endorse Global Guidelines for Countering Antisemitism |url=https://www.jpost.com/breaking-news/article-810776 |work=Jerusalem Post |access-date=18 July 2024}} In August 2024, the US Department of Homeland Security announced that it had allocated $454.5 million for the 2024 fiscal year to securing Jewish religious institutions in light of rising antisemitism.{{cite news |last=Hajdenberg |first=Jackie |date=28 August 2024 |title=US to spend record $454 million securing religious institutions as antisemitism spikes |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/us-to-spend-record-454-million-securing-religious-institutions-as-antisemitism-spikes/ |work=Times of Israel |access-date=28 August 2024}} This is a $150 million increase from the 2023 budget.

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• Antisemitism, worldwide
• Antisemitism during the Gaza war#United States
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• History of antisemitism in the United States
• History of the Jews in the United States
• History of the Jews during World War II
• The Holocaust
• Holocaust denial
• United States and the Holocaust
• Interminority racism in the United States
• List of antisemitic incidents in the United States
• List of attacks on Jewish institutions in the United States
• Lynching of American Jews
• Nativism (politics)#United States
• Nativism in United States politics
• Normalization of antisemitism
• Racism in the United States#Jewish Americans
• Radical right (United States)
• Religious discrimination in the United States
• Universities and antisemitism#United States
• Xenophobia#United States
• Xenophobia in the United States

{{Reflist|refs=}}

{{Further|History of antisemitism in the United States#Further reading}}

• Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith. Hate Groups in America: a Record of Bigotry and Violence, (2nd ed, Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, 1988) [https://archive.org/details/hategroupsinamer00bnai/page/n2/mode/1up online]
• Buckley, William F. In Search of Anti-Semitism, New York: Continuum, 1992
• Dershowitz, Alan M. Chutzpah 1st ed., Boston: Little, Brown, 1991
• Dinnerstein, Leonard. Antisemitism in America, (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994) [https://books.google.com/books?id=mJLHrb-o5E0C&dq=Antisemitism+America&pg=PR19 online]
• Dinnerstein, Leonard Uneasy at Home: Antisemitism and the American Jewish Experience, New York: Columbia University Press, 1987.
• Dobkowski, Michael N. The Tarnished Dream: The Basis of American Anti-Semitism (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1979, a major scholarly study [https://archive.org/details/tarnisheddreamba0000dobk online]
• Dolan, Edward F. Anti-Semitism, New York: F. Watts, 1985.
• Extremism on the Right: A Handbook New revised edition, New York: Anti Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, 1988.
• Flynn, Kevin J. and Gary Gerhardt The Silent Brotherhood: Inside America's Racist Underground, New York: Free Press; London: Collier Macmillan, c1989
• Gerber, David A., ed. Anti-Semitism in American History (U of Illinois Press, 1986), essays by experts.
• Ginsberg, Benjamin The Fatal Embrace: Jews and the State, (U of Chicago Press, 1993)
• Handlin, Oscar, and Mary F. Handlin. Danger in Discord: Origins of Anti-Semitism in the United States (Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, 1948), highly influential short study by a leading historian. [https://archive.org/details/dudeman5685_yahoo_DD online]
• Higham, John. "Anti-Semitism in the Gilded Age: A Reinterpretation," Mississippi Valley Historical Review, 43 (1957): 559–78 [https://www.jstor.org/stable/1902273 online].
• Higham, John. "Social discrimination against Jews in America, 1830-1930." Publications of the American Jewish Historical Society 47.1 (1957): 1-33; Along with Handlin, the most influential early study says Tevis (2021).

[https://www.jstor.org/stable/43059004 online]

• Jaher, Frederic Cople A Scapegoat in the Wilderness: The Origins and Rise of Anti-Semitism in America, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1994
• Lang, Susan S. Extremist Groups in America, (New York: F. Watts, 1990).
• Lee, Albert Henry Ford and the Jews, (New York: Stein and Day, 1980).
• Levinger, Lee J. Anti-Semitism in the United States: Its history and causes (1925) [https://gutenberg.org/ebooks/73221 online]
• Lipstadt, Deborah E. Antisemitism: Here and Now (2019)
• Mart, Michelle. "Constructing a universal ideal: anti-Semitism, American Jews, and the founding of Israel." Modern Judaism 20.2 (2000): 181–208.
• Rausch, David A. Fundamentalist-evangelicals and Anti-semitism (Philadelphia: Trinity Press International, 1993).
• Ridgeway, James Blood in the Face: The Ku Klux Klan, Aryan Nations, Nazi Skinheads and the Rise of a New White Culture, (New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1990).
• Shapiro, Edward S. "The Approach of War: Congressional Isolationism and Anti-Semitism, 1939–1941." American Jewish History 74.1 (1984): 45–65. [https://homefrontwwii.ferrellhistory.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/SHAPIRO-anti-semitism-in-Congress-1984-20-p.pdf online]
• Volkman, Ernest A Legacy of Hate: Anti-Semitism in America, New York: F. Watts, 1982
• Weiner, Deborah R. "Insiders and Outsiders: Jewish-Gentile Relations in Baltimore during the Interwar Era' Maryland Historical Magazine 110#4 (2015) pp. 463-488 in 19203 and 1930s

• Brackman, Harold David. "The attack on Jewish Hollywood: A chapter in the history of modern American Anti-Semitism." Modern Judaism 20.1 (2000): 1–19.
• Carr, Steven Alan. Hollywood and Anti-Semitism: A Cultural History up to World War II, (Cambridge University Press 2001).
• Dinnerstein, Leonard. "Anti-Semitism exposed and attacked, 1945–1950." American Jewish History 71.1 (1981): 134–149. [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/37651/summary online]
• Gerber, David A. "Leonard Dinnerstein (1934–2019): The Historian and His Subject." American Jewish History 105.1 (2021): 235–245. [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/804161/summary online]
• Goldman, Eric A. "Gentleman's Agreement and Crossfire: Films That Took on Anti-Semitism in 1947 (The 1940s)." in The American Jewish Story through Cinema (University of Texas Press, 2021) pp. 50–96.
• Hirsch, Herbert and Jack D. Spiro, eds. Persistent Prejudice: Perspectives on Anti-Semitism (George Mason University Press, 1988)
• Levinson, Daniel J., and R. Nevitt Sanford. "A scale for the measurement of anti-Semitism." Journal of Psychology 17.2 (1944): 339–370.
• Lipstadt, Deborah E. Denying the Holocaust: The Growing Assault on Truth and Memory, (1993)
• Roth, Philip The Plot Against America, (Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 2004), a novel about 1940s
• Short, K. R. M. "Hollywood fights anti-Semitism, 1940-1945." in Film & Radio Propaganda in World War II (Routledge, 2021) pp. 146–172.
• Tevis, Britt P. "Trends in the Study of Antisemitism in United States History." American Jewish History 105.1 (2021): 255–284. [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/804163/summary online]
• Tobin, Gary A. and Sharon L. Sassler Jewish Perceptions of Antisemitism, New York: Plenum Press, c1988

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20130430102625/http://bostonreview.net/BR34.3/malhotra_margalit.php State of the Nation: Anti-Semitism and the economic crisis] by Neil Malhotra and Yotam Margalit in Boston Review

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