arms embargo
{{Short description|Embargo that applies to weaponry}}
An arms embargo is a restriction or a set of sanctions that applies either solely to weaponry or also to "dual-use technology." An arms embargo may serve one or more purposes:
- to signal disapproval of the behavior of a certain actor
- to maintain neutrality in an ongoing conflict
- as a peace mechanism that is part of a peace process to resolve an armed conflict
- to limit the ability of an actor to inflict violence on others
- to weaken a country's military capabilities before a foreign intervention
Historical examples
=Argentina=
US President Jimmy Carter imposed an arms embargo on the military government of Argentina in 1977 in response to human rights abuses.{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-02-21-mn-274-story.html |title=WORLD : U.S. Ends Argentine Arms Embargo - Los Angeles Times |newspaper=Los Angelete Times|date=21 February 1989 |author=}}
An arms embargo was put in place, along with other economic sanctions by the European Economic Community (EEC), within a week of the 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands by Argentina, two British dependent territories in the South Atlantic.{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/04/11/world/europeans-ending-argentine-imports-in-falkland-crisis.html |title=EUROPEANS ENDING ARGENTINE IMPORTS IN FALKLAND CRISIS |newspaper=The New York Times |date=11 April 1982 |author=R.W. Apple Jr.}} The European nations ended the embargo after the end of the ensuing Falklands War, and Argentina looked to Western European countries and Israel for arms supplies during the US embargo until it was lifted in 1989.
=Indonesia=
The US government imposed an arms embargo against Indonesia in 1999 because of human rights violations in East Timor. The embargo was lifted in 2005.
=Iran=
The United States imposed economic sanctions against Iran following the Iranian Revolution in 1979. However, to secure the release of American hostages, several senior Reagan administration officials secretly facilitated the sale of arms to Iran in the 1980s in a scandal called the Iran–Contra affair.[http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB210/ The Iran-Contra Affair 20 Years On] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320063803/http://www2.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB210/ |date=2015-03-20 }}. The National Security Archive (George Washington University), 2006-11-24 In 1995, the US expanded sanctions to include firms dealing with the Iranian government.{{cite news |author=Ariel Zirulnick |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Global-Issues/2011/0224/Sanction-Qaddafi-How-5-nations-have-reacted-to-sanctions./Iran |title=Sanction Qaddafi? How 5 nations have reacted to sanctions: Iran |newspaper=The Christian Science Monitor |date=24 February 2011 |access-date=13 February 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111115110523/http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Global-Issues/2011/0224/Sanction-Qaddafi-How-5-nations-have-reacted-to-sanctions./Iran |archive-date=15 November 2011 |url-status=live }}
In March 2007, UN Security Council Resolution 1747 tightened the sanctions imposed on Iran in connection with the Iranian nuclear program. The sanctions were lifted on 16 January 2016.
In September 2020, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo announced the imposition of an arms embargo on the Iranian Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics and other entities involved in Iran's nuclear program, including the government of the disputed Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro for providing weapons to Iran.{{cite web |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/09/21/trump-administration-sanctions-iranian-defense-ministry-venezuelas-maduro.html |title=Trump administration sanctions Iranian Defense Ministry, Venezuela's Maduro for aiding Iran's weapons programs |website=CNBC |date=21 September 2020}}
On 18 October 2020, Iran announced that the United Nations conventional arms embargo imposed on the country in 2007 had expired. The embargo had barred Iran from purchasing arms, including tanks and fighter jets, from foreign nations. The embargo was lifted as per the conditions under Iran’s 2015 nuclear deal with world leaders, despite US objections.{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/iran-says-un-arms-embargo-lifted-allowing-it-to-buy-weapons/a-55313874|title=Iran says UN arms embargo lifted, allowing it to buy weapons|access-date=18 October 2020|website=Deutsche Welle}}{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/tehran-middle-east-iran-united-nations-united-states-6b6600decc0436b0aa52578fc7bfa374|title=UN arms embargoes on Iran expire despite US objections|access-date=18 October 2020|website=Associated Press}}
=Israel=
{{main|Arms embargoes on Israel}}
During 2024, due to the genocide in Gaza, several countries such as Italy, Japan, Spain, Canada, Colombia, the Netherlands and Belgium have ceased the sale of weapons to Israel.{{cite news |title=UN rights body demands Israel be held accountable for possible 'war crimes' |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/4/5/un-rights-body-demands-israel-be-held-accountable-for-possible-war-crimes |agency=Al Jazeera |date=5 April 2024}}{{cite news |last1=Bermant |first1=Azriel |title=The UK's arms sales to Israel are tiny – but here's why Tel Aviv is panicking about a possible ban |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/article/2024/aug/01/uk-arms-sales-israel-netanyahu-panicking-ban-starmer |agency=The Guardian |date=1 Aug 2024}}{{Cite web |date=2024-02-29 |title=Colombia suspends all arms purchases from Israel: President |url=https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20240229-colombia-suspends-all-arms-purchases-from-israel-president/ |access-date=2025-04-03 |website=Middle East Monitor}} Key US allies such as Britain and France are debating it.{{cite news |title=Global pressure grows on U.S. and Germany to stop arming Israel |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/04/05/israel-arms-embargo-us-germany/ |agency=Washington Post |date=5 April 2024}}
However the United States and Germany as the major suppliers of Israel's arms imports keep supplying lethal weapons in spite of growing criticism of the mounting civilian casualties.{{cite news |last1=Bermant |first1=Azriel |title=The UK's arms sales to Israel are tiny – but here's why Tel Aviv is panicking about a possible ban |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/article/2024/aug/01/uk-arms-sales-israel-netanyahu-panicking-ban-starmer |agency=The Guardian |date=1 Aug 2024}}
=People's Republic of China=
The United States and the European Union stopped exporting arms to China after 1989 after the violent suppression of protests in Tiananmen Square. In 2004 and 2005, there was some debate in the EU over whether to lift the embargo.http://www.sldinfo.com/the-eu-arms-embargo-repeal-debate/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150607212559/http://www.sldinfo.com/the-eu-arms-embargo-repeal-debate/ |date=2015-06-07}} The EU Arms Embargo Repeal Debatehttps://www.academia.edu/5475879/The_EU_Arms_Embargo_on_China_a_Swedish_Perspective_2010_/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928124416/http://www.academia.edu/5475879/The_EU_Arms_Embargo_on_China_a_Swedish_Perspective_2010_ |date=2018-09-28}} Hellström, Jerker (2010) "The EU Arms Embargo on China: a Swedish Perspective", Swedish Defence Research Agency
=Somalia=
{{Main|United Nations arms embargo on Somalia}}
On 1 December 2023 after 31 years the United Nations Security Council lifted the longest arms embargo on the Somali Armed Forces and the Somali federal government, while continuing sanctions against the Al-Shabaab militant group.{{Cite web |last=AFP |first=Staff Writer With |date=2023-12-02 |title=UN Lifts Arms Embargo on Somali Forces |url=https://thedefensepost.com/2023/12/02/un-lifts-arms-embargo-somalia/ |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=The Defense Post |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Security Council Lifts Arms Embargo on Federal Government of Somalia, Unanimously Adopting Resolution 2714 (2023) {{!}} Meetings Coverage and Press Releases |url=https://press.un.org/en/2023/sc15511.doc.htm |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=press.un.org}}
=South Africa=
UN Security Council Resolution 418 applied an arms embargo of South Africa in 1977 on dual-use items. The embargo was lifted by Resolution 919 in 1994.
=United States=
To protest the Vietnam War, Sweden imposed an arms embargo on the United States in 1966.{{Cite book|last=Rottman|first=Gordon L.|title=The Big Book of Gun Trivia: Everything you want to know, don't want to know, and don't know you need to know|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|year=2013|isbn=978-1-78200-949-8|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qEnDCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT54|pages=54}}{{bsn|date=June 2021}} That notably deprived Navy SEALs of the Carl Gustav m/45 submachine gun, which resulted in the creation of the Smith & Wesson M76.
List of current arms embargoes
The countries included in the list are under arms embargo of the UN or another international organization such as the EU and the OSCE and others) or a country. In some cases the arms embargo is supplemented by a general trade embargo, other sanctions (financial), or travel ban for specific persons. In some cases, the arms embargo applies to any entity residing or established in the country, but in others. it is partial with the recognized government's forces and international peacekeepers being exempted from the embargo.
=Arms embargo by UN=
- {{Flag|Democratic Republic of the Congo}} (non-governmental forces by UN, EU),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/dem-repub-congo/index.html DR Congo arms embargo] Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118012729/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/dem-repub-congo/index.html|date=January 18, 2010}} 2003/1993–
- {{Flag|Haiti}} (by UN),{{Cite web |title=Arms embargoes {{!}} SIPRI |url=https://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes |access-date=2023-10-01 |website=www.sipri.org}} 2022-
- {{Flag|Iraq}} (non-governmental forces by UN, EU),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/iraq/index.html Iraq embargo] Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090609173225/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/iraq/index.html|date=June 9, 2009}} 2004–
- {{Flag|Libya}} (by UN, EU) 2011–{{Cite news|url = http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/03/security-council-libya-arms-embargo-place-150328111924635.html|title = UN Security Council keeps Libya arms embargo in place|date = March 28, 2015|work = Al Jazeera English|access-date = August 5, 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150709115216/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/03/security-council-libya-arms-embargo-place-150328111924635.html|archive-date = July 9, 2015|url-status = live}}
- {{Flag|North Korea}} (by UN, EU),{{cite web |url = https://www.gov.uk/guidance/arms-embargo-on-democratic-peoples-republic-of-korea-north-korea |title = Embargoes and sanctions on Democratic People's Republic of Korea |date = 4 June 2013 |website = GOV.UK |access-date = 25 March 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190325162018/https://www.gov.uk/guidance/arms-embargo-on-democratic-peoples-republic-of-korea-north-korea |archive-date = 25 March 2019 |url-status = live }} arms and luxury goods, 2006–
- {{Flag|Lebanon}} (non-governmental forces by UN, EU),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/Lebanon/index.html Lebanon embargo] Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100214082425/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/Lebanon/index.html|date=February 14, 2010}} 2006–
- {{Flag|South Sudan}} (by UN) 2018–
- {{Flag|Sudan}} (by UN, EU),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/sudan/index.html Sudan embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118095802/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/sudan/index.html |date=January 18, 2010 }} 2004/1994– (UN/EU)
- {{Flag|Yemen}} (by UN, EU), 2015-
==Former embargos ==
- {{Flag|Eritrea}} (by UN, EU),[http://ec.europa.eu/external_relations/cfsp/sanctions/docs/measures_en.pdf EU Sanctions measures] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100331172836/http://ec.europa.eu/external_relations/cfsp/sanctions/docs/measures_en.pdf |date=March 31, 2010 }} 2010–2018
- {{Flag|Guinea}} (by EU),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/guinea/index.html EU Guinea embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118095142/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/guinea/index.html |date=January 18, 2010 }} 2009–2014
- {{Flag|Iran}} (by UN, EU),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/iran/index.html Iran embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091125132713/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/iran/index.html |date=November 25, 2009 }} 2006–2020{{cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/iran-says-un-arms-embargo-lifted-allowing-it-to-buy-weapons/a-55313874|title=Iran says UN arms embargo lifted, allowing it to buy weapons|access-date=18 October 2020|website=Deutsche Welle}}
- {{Flag|Ivory Coast}} (by UN, EU),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/Ivory-Coast/index.html Ivory Coast embargo] Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090508075209/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/Ivory-Coast/index.html|date=May 8, 2009}} 2004–2016{{Cite web|title=S/RES/2283(2016) - E - S/RES/2283(2016) -Desktop|url=https://undocs.org/S/RES/2283(2016)|access-date=2022-01-07|website=undocs.org}}
- {{Flag|Rwanda}} (by UN in Resolution 918 and EU)[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/rwanda/index.html Rwanda embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100218050713/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/rwanda/index.html |date=February 18, 2010 }} (UN: 1994–2008, EU{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}})
- {{Flag|Sierra Leone}} (by UN and EU),{{cite web|url=http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/sierraleone/index.html|archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100304144721/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/sierraleone/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 March 2010|title=Export Controls: Sanctions and Embargoes: Sierra Leone|first=Edwina|last=Wontner|date=3 March 2010|website=webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk|access-date=11 April 2018}} 1997–2010{{cite web|url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/un-lifts-arms-embargo-on-sierra-leone|title=UN lifts arms embargo on Sierra Leone|date=29 September 2010|website=Fox News|access-date=11 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924180610/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2010/09/29/lifts-arms-embargo-sierra-leone/|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=live}}
- {{Flag|Somalia}} (by UN, EU),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/somalia/index.html Somalia embargo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118100058/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/somalia/index.html|date=January 18, 2010}} 1992/2002–2023 (UN/EU){{Cite web |title=Security Council Lifts Arms Embargo on Federal Government of Somalia, Unanimously Adopting Resolution 2714 (2023) {{!}} UN Press |url=https://press.un.org/en/2023/sc15511.doc.htm |access-date=2023-12-02 |website=press.un.org}}
- {{Flag|Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|name=Yugoslavia}} (by UN in Resolution 713 and EU)United Nations Security Council Resolution 713 (UN/EU: September 1991){{Cite web|url=https://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes/eu_arms_embargoes/bosnia|title=EU arms embargo on the former SFR of Yugoslavia (Bosnia and Herzegovina) {{!}} SIPRI|website=www.sipri.org|date=12 November 2012 |language=en|access-date=2018-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831174935/https://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes/eu_arms_embargoes/bosnia|archive-date=2018-08-31|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=https://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes/eu_arms_embargoes/bosnia|title=EU arms embargo on the former SFR of Yugoslavia (Bosnia and Herzegovina) - SIPRI|website=www.sipri.org|date=12 November 2012 |access-date=2018-08-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831174935/https://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes/eu_arms_embargoes/bosnia|archive-date=2018-08-31|url-status=live}}
- {{Flag|Central African Republic}} (by UN, EU),[https://www.un.org/sc/committees/2127/ Security Council arms embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140704151700/http://www.un.org/sc/committees/2127/ |date=July 4, 2014 }}{{cite news|url=https://www.lemonde.fr/afrique/article/2024/07/31/centrafrique-le-conseil-de-securite-de-l-onu-leve-l-embargo-sur-les-armes_6262802_3212.html|title=Centrafrique : le Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU lève l'embargo sur les armes|access-date=1 August 2024|website=lemonde.fr|date=31 July 2024 }} 2013–2024
=Arms embargo by others=
- {{Flag|Argentina}} (by the United Kingdom){{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/defence/uk-shoots-down-argentine-fa-50-deal/140925.article|title=UK shoots down Argentine FA-50 deal}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/guidance/export-licensing-policy-for-argentina|title = Export licensing policy for Argentina}} 1982-
- {{Flag|Armenia}} (by OSCE),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/armenia/index.html OSCE Nagorno Karabakh arms embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604042651/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/armenia/index.html |date=June 4, 2009 }} 1992–
- {{Flag|Azerbaijan}} (by OSCE),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/armenia/index.html OSCE Nagorno Karabakh arms embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604042651/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/armenia/index.html |date=June 4, 2009 }} 1992–
- {{Flag|Belarus}} (by EU), 2011-
- {{Flag|Cuba}} (by US),[http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/cuban-rebels/4-3-58-embargo.htm US Cuba arms embargo] 1958–
- {{Flag|Egypt}} (by EU), 2013-
- {{Flag|Myanmar}} (by EU),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/burma/index.html EU Myanmar arms embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118100103/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/burma/index.html |date=January 18, 2010 }} 1990–
- {{Flag|People's Republic of China}} (by EU/US),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/china/index.html EU China arms embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100118101217/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/china/index.html |date=January 18, 2010 }}[http://useu.usmission.gov/Dossiers/Chinese_Arms_Embargo/default.asp US China arms embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081023155440/http://useu.usmission.gov/Dossiers/Chinese_Arms_Embargo/default.asp |date=October 23, 2008 }} 1989–
- {{Flag|Venezuela}} (by EU), 2017-
- {{Flag|Syria}} (by the Arab League), 2011-
- {{Flag|Zimbabwe}} (by EU),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/zimbabwe/index.html EU Zimbabwe embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604170131/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/zimbabwe/index.html |date=June 4, 2009 }} 2002–
==Former embargos==
- {{Flag|Ba'athist Syria|name=Syria}} (by EU),{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/09/syria-european-union-arms-embargo|title=EU imposes arms embargo on Syria|first=Associated Press in|last=Brussels|date=9 May 2011|website=the Guardian|access-date=11 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314101819/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/may/09/syria-european-union-arms-embargo|archive-date=14 March 2016|url-status=live}} 2011–2013{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/28/uk-forced-eu-embargo-syria-rebel-arms|title=UK forces EU to lift embargo on Syria rebel arms|first=Ian|last=Traynor|date=28 May 2013|website=the Guardian|access-date=11 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124005823/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/28/uk-forced-eu-embargo-syria-rebel-arms|archive-date=24 January 2018|url-status=live}}
- {{Flag|Turkey}} (by US) 1975–1978{{cite web|url=http://sam.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/MuratKaragoz1.pdf|title=US Arms Embargo against Turkey – after 30 Years, An Institutional Approach towards US Policy Making|website=sam.gov.tr|access-date=11 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124135636/http://sam.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/MuratKaragoz1.pdf|archive-date=24 January 2018|url-status=live}}
- {{Flag|Uzbekistan}} (by EU),[http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/uzbekistan/index.html EU Uzbekistan embargo] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091213192308/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/uzbekistan/index.html |date=December 13, 2009 }} 2005–2009{{cite web|url=http://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes/eu_arms_embargoes/uzbekistan |title=EU arms embargo on Uzbekistan — www.sipri.org |access-date=2015-11-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507054520/http://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes/eu_arms_embargoes/uzbekistan |archive-date=2016-05-07 }}
- {{Flag|Vietnam}} (by US) 1984–1995
See also
- Arms control
- Arms Export Control Act (United States)
- Arms industry
References
{{Reflist|refs=
{{cite web | title =Remarks of SRSG Ghassan Salamé to the United Nations Security Council on the situation in Libya 29 July 2019 | website= UNSMIL |date =2019-07-29 | url = https://unsmil.unmissions.org/remarks-srsg-ghassan-salam%C3%A9-united-nations-security-council-situation-libya-29-july-2019 | access-date = 2019-09-09 |archive-url= http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20190909232646/http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https://unsmil.unmissions.org/remarks-srsg-ghassan-salam%25C3%25A9-united-nations-security-council-situation-libya-29-july-2019 |archive-date= 2019-09-09 |url-status=live}}}}
External links
- [https://www.academia.edu/5475879/The_EU_Arms_Embargo_on_China_a_Swedish_Perspective_2010_ Hellström, Jerker (2010) "The EU Arms Embargo on China: a Swedish Perspective", Swedish Defence Research Agency]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20190319191520/https://www.bis.doc.gov/ US Bureau of Industry and Security]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20100228062658/http://www.berr.gov.uk/whatwedo/europeandtrade/strategic-export-control/sanctions-embargoes/by-country/index.html UK Current Arms Embargoes and Other Restrictions]
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20100403000924/http://ec.europa.eu/external_relations/cfsp/sanctions/index_en.htm European Commission CFSP Sanctions]
- [https://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes SIPRI database of multilateral arms embargoes since 1950]