cannabis concentrate
{{Short description|Preparation of cannabis}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Cannabis sidebar}}
File:FullExtractCannabisOil.jpg
File:Shatter marijuana concentrate.jpg-sized container]]
Cannabis concentrate, also called marijuana concentrate, marijuana extract, or cannabis extract, is a tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or cannabidiol (CBD) concentrated mass. Cannabis concentrates contain high THC levels that range from 40% to over 90%,{{cite web|publisher=State of Colorado|title=Safety with THC concentrates|url=https://cannabis.colorado.gov/responsible-use/safety-with-THC-concentrates|access-date=May 13, 2022|archive-date=May 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220524095344/https://cannabis.colorado.gov/responsible-use/safety-with-THC-concentrates|url-status=live}}{{citation|publisher=National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)|title=Cannabis (Marijuana) Concentrates DrugFacts|date=June 2020|url=https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/cannabis-marijuana-concentrates|access-date=May 13, 2022|quote=Solvent-based products tend to be especially potent, with THC levels documented at an average of about 54-69% and reported to exceed 80%, while non-solvent based extraction methods produce average THC levels between 39-60%.|archive-date=May 13, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220513163758/https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/cannabis-marijuana-concentrates|url-status=live}} stronger in THC content than high-grade marijuana, which normally measures around 20% THC levels.
Volatile solvents, such as ethanol, butane, propane or hexane, may be used to prepare extracts, but can and will possibly lead to fire and explosion hazards in uncontrolled environments.{{sfn|DEA|2014}}{{sfn|Small|2016}} Supercritical carbon dioxide ({{CO2}}) extraction alleviates concerns of fire and explosion and results in a high-quality product.{{sfn | Backes | Weil | 2017 | p=143}}
Legally produced concentrates for retail sale in legalized U.S. states are often packaged in small lip balm-sized containers.{{citation|title=Is Cannabis Extraction the Future of a Multi-Billion Dollar Industry?|author=Angela Bacca|date=January 12, 2015|newspaper=San Francisco Chronicle|url=http://blog.sfgate.com/smellthetruth/2015/01/12/is-cannabis-extraction-the-future-of-a-multi-billion-dollar-industry/|access-date=December 25, 2017|archive-date=December 25, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171225091921/http://blog.sfgate.com/smellthetruth/2015/01/12/is-cannabis-extraction-the-future-of-a-multi-billion-dollar-industry/|url-status=live}}
Legal status
{{Expand section|information about other jurisdictions|date=May 2023|section=1|find=cannabis concentrate|find2=legal status}}
= Colorado =
{{Further|Cannabis in Colorado}}
In Colorado, the Marijuana Enforcement Division (MED) regulates almost every facet of the cannabis seed-to-sale process. There are heavy regulations on the containers that hold the concentrate: containers must be child-resistant, opaque, and have a multitude of legal text warning the consumer of the risks of consumption. MED also regulates the creation or extraction of cannabis extract.{{Cite web|url=https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/sites/default/files/1%20CCR%20212-2%2001012019.pdf|title=Colorado Retail Marijuana Laws|date=2018|website=Colorado Department of Revenue|access-date=2019-06-10|archive-date=2019-04-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406003142/https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/sites/default/files/1%20CCR%20212-2%2001012019.pdf|url-status=live}}
List of concentrates
{{Further|Vaporizer (inhalation device)#Cannabis vaporizers}}
Common types of cannabis concentrate:{{sfn|DEA|2014}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.westword.com/marijuana/concentrate-heres-the-difference-between-shatter-budder-crumble-and-more-8437217|title=Concentrate! Here's the Difference Between Shatter, Budder, Crumble and More|access-date=2019-10-31|archive-date=2019-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191031154707/https://www.westword.com/marijuana/concentrate-heres-the-difference-between-shatter-budder-crumble-and-more-8437217|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|url = https://coloradocannabistours.com/guides/concentrates-oil-wax-dabs/|title = Cannabis Concentrates Guide: THC Oils, Hash, Wax, Shatter & Dabs|date = 9 October 2019|access-date = 31 October 2019|archive-date = 31 October 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191031154707/https://coloradocannabistours.com/guides/concentrates-oil-wax-dabs/|url-status = live}}
- Badder/budder
- Cannabis flower essential oil
- Caviar ("moon rocks") - Cannabis buds dipped in or sprayed with hash oil, then rolled in kief.
- Crumble
- Crystalline
- Distillate
- Dry sift
- Hashish or hash - a cannabis concentrate traditionally made by drying the cannabis plant and beating the dried female plant material over a series of screens and then sifting, collecting, and pressing the particles.
- Bubble hash - water-purified hashish
- Charas - a cannabis concentrate created by expressing the flower of Cannabis indica between the hands and removing the residue.
- Hash oil
- Fully extracted cannabis oil{{cite book | last1=Dach | first1=J. | last2=Moore | first2=E.A. | last3=Kander | first3=J. | title=Cannabis Extracts in Medicine: The Promise of Benefits in Seizure Disorders, Cancer and Other Conditions | publisher=McFarland, Incorporated, Publishers | series=McFarland Health Topics | year=2015 | isbn=978-1-4766-2111-1 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=23rXCgAAQBAJ | access-date=2020-03-22 | archive-date=2023-04-20 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230420212001/https://books.google.com/books?id=23rXCgAAQBAJ | url-status=live }}{{rp|80-81}}
- Butane hash oil (BHO)
- {{CO2|link=yes}} oil
- Honeycomb
- Kief
- Live resin{{cite report |date=July 2018 |title=Slang Terms and Code Words: A Reference for Law Enforcement Personnel |url=https://ndews.umd.edu/sites/ndews.umd.edu/files/dea-drug-slang-terms-and-code-words-july2018.pdf |publisher=Drug Enforcement Administration |page=6 |docket=DEA-HOU-DIR-022-18 |access-date=8 February 2019 |archive-date=17 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117120117/https://ndews.umd.edu/sites/ndews.umd.edu/files/dea-drug-slang-terms-and-code-words-july2018.pdf |url-status=live }}
- Pull and snap
- Rosin
- Shatter
- Taffy
- Terp sauce
- Tincture of cannabis
- Wax
The major difference between live resin and other cannabis concentrates lies in the way they are produced. The manufacturing of live resin involves fresh, live cannabis either freshly harvested or flash-frozen cannabis. This helps protect plant's content matter, aroma and flavor.
References
{{reflist|30em|refs=
{{cite web | url=http://www.thecannabist.co/2015/06/18/marijuana-concentrates-misconceptions-stigmas/36361/ | title=Why marijuana concentrates are cause for confusion | work=The Cannabist | date=June 18, 2015 | access-date=December 25, 2017 | archive-date=April 23, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423151515/http://www.thecannabist.co/2015/06/18/marijuana-concentrates-misconceptions-stigmas/36361/ | url-status=live }}
}}
=Sources=
- {{citation|title=What You Should Know About Marijuana Concentrates (Also Known as THC Extractions)|publisher=United States Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration|url=https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/resource-center/Publications/marijuana-concentrates.pdf|date=December 2014|type=brochure|ref={{harvid|DEA|2014}}}}
- {{citation|last1=Small|first1=Ernest|title=Cannabis: A Complete Guide|date=November 2016|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1498761635}}
- {{cite book | last1=Backes | first1=M. | last2=Weil | first2=A. | title=Cannabis Pharmacy: The Practical Guide to Medical Marijuana -- Revised and Updated | publisher=Hachette Books | year=2017 | isbn=978-0-316-55572-2 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3-RzDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT143 }}
- {{cite web |url= https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/sites/default/files/1%20CCR%20212-2%2001012019.pdf |title= Code of Colorado:Retail Marijuana Laws |author= |date= 2018 |website= Colorado Department of Revenue : Marijuana Enforcement Division |publisher= Secretary of State of Colorado |access-date= June 10, 2019 |archive-date= April 6, 2019 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190406003142/https://www.colorado.gov/pacific/sites/default/files/1%20CCR%20212-2%2001012019.pdf |url-status= dead }}
External links
- {{Commons category inline|Cannabis concentrate}}
{{Include-USGov
|agency=Department of Justice Drug Enforcement Administration
|article=What You Should Know About Marijuana Concentrates (Also Known as THC Extractions)
|url=https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/resource-center/Publications/marijuana-concentrates.pdf}}
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