coproporphyrinogen III
{{Chembox
| ImageFile=Coproporphyrinogen III.svg
| ImageSize=
| IUPACName=3-[8,12,17-tris(2-carboxyethyl)-3,7,13,18-tetramethyl-5,10,15,20,21,22, 23,24-octahydroporphyrin-2-yl]propanoic acid
| OtherNames=
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo=2624-63-7
| PubChem = 321
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 315
| SMILES = Cc1c2[nH]c(c1CCC(=O)O)Cc3c(c(c([nH]3)Cc4c(c(c([nH]4)Cc5c(c(c([nH]5)C2)C)CCC(=O)O)CCC(=O)O)C)CCC(=O)O)C
| InChI = 1/C36H44N4O8/c1-17-21(5-9-33(41)42)29-14-27-19(3)22(6-10-34(43)44)30(39-27)15-28-20(4)24(8-12-36(47)48)32(40-28)16-31-23(7-11-35(45)46)18(2)26(38-31)13-25(17)37-29/h37-40H,5-16H2,1-4H3,(H,41,42)(H,43,44)(H,45,46)(H,47,48)
| InChIKey = NIUVHXTXUXOFEB-UHFFFAOYAI
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C36H44N4O8/c1-17-21(5-9-33(41)42)29-14-27-19(3)22(6-10-34(43)44)30(39-27)15-28-20(4)24(8-12-36(47)48)32(40-28)16-31-23(7-11-35(45)46)18(2)26(38-31)13-25(17)37-29/h37-40H,5-16H2,1-4H3,(H,41,42)(H,43,44)(H,45,46)(H,47,48)
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = NIUVHXTXUXOFEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| MeSHName=Coproporphyrinogen+III
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula=C36H44N4O8
| Formula_Comment = protonated carboxylic acids
| MolarMass=660.757 g/mol
| Appearance=
| Density=
| MeltingPt=
| BoilingPt=
| Solubility=
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards=
| FlashPt=
| AutoignitionPt =
}}
}}
Coproporphyrinogen III is a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of many compounds that are critical for living organisms, such as hemoglobin and chlorophyll. It is a colorless solid.
The compound is a porphyrinogen, a class of compounds characterized by a hexahydroporphine core with various side chains. The coproporphyrinogens have the outermost hydrogen atoms of the core replaced by four methyl groups {{chem2|\sCH3}} (M) and four propionic acid groups {{chem2|\sCH2\sCH2\sCOOH}} (P). In coproporphyrogen III, the order around the outer ring is MP-MP-MP-PM. For comparison, coproporphyrinogen I has them in the sequence MP-MP-MP-MP. heme.
Biosynthesis and metabolism
In the main porphyrin biosynthesis pathway, coproporphyrinogen III is derived from uroporphyrinogen III by the action of the enzyme uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase:
File:Uroporphyrinogen-decarboxylase.svg
The conversion entails four decarboxylations, which turn the four acetic acid groups {{chem2|\sCH2\sCOOH}} into methyl groups {{chem2|\sCH3}}, with release of four carbon dioxide molecules.{{cite encyclopedia|chapter=Hemes in Biology|author=Paul R. Ortiz de Montellano|year=2008|encyclopedia=Wiley Encyclopedia of Chemical Biology|doi=10.1002/9780470048672.wecb221|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0470048672}}{{cite journal |pmid=10692079|year=2000|last1=Sassa|first1=S.|title=Molecular aspects of the inherited porphyrias|journal=Journal of Internal Medicine|volume=247|issue=2|pages=169–78|last2=Kappas|first2=A.|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2796.2000.00618.x|s2cid=36820694|doi-access=free}}
Coproporphyrinogen III is further used as a substrate for the enzyme coproporphyrinogen III oxidase which oxidizes and further decarboxylates it to protoporphyrinogen IX.
References
{{Tetrapyrroles}}
{{Heme metabolism intermediates}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Coproporphyrinogen Iii}}