decane

{{Other uses|Dečane (disambiguation)}}

{{Distinguish|Decene|Decyne}}

{{short description|Alkane hydrocarbon; component of gasoline (petrol) and kerosene}}

{{Chembox

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| verifiedrevid = 464188665

| Name =

| ImageFile = Decane-2D-Skeletal.svg

| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}

| ImageSize = 250

| ImageClass = skin-invert

| ImageAlt = Skeletal formula of decane

| ImageFile1 = DecaneFull.png

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| ImageSize1 = 250

| ImageClass1 = skin-invert

| ImageAlt1 = Skeletal formula of decane with all implicit carbons shown, and all explicit hydrogens added

| ImageFile2 = Decane 3D ball.png

| ImageClass2 = bg-transparent

| ImageSize2 = 250

| ImageFile2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}

| ImageAlt2 = Ball-and-stick model of the decane molecule

| OtherNames = Decyl hydride

| PIN = Decane{{Cite web|title=decane - Compound Summary|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=15600&loc=ec_rcs|work=PubChem Compound|publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information|access-date=5 January 2012|location=USA|date=16 September 2004|at=Identification and Related Records}}

| SystematicName =

| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo = 124-18-5

| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}

| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}

| UNII = NK85062OIY

| PubChem = 15600

| ChemSpiderID = 14840

| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}

| EINECS = 204-686-4

| UNNumber = 2247

| DrugBank = DB02826

| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}

| MeSHName = decane

| ChEBI = 41808

| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

| ChEMBL = 134537

| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}

| RTECS = HD6550000

| Beilstein = 1696981

| SMILES = CCCCCCCCCC

| StdInChI = 1S/C10H22/c1-3-5-7-9-10-8-6-4-2/h3-10H2,1-2H3

| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

| StdInChIKey = DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}

}}

| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties

| C = 10

| H = 22

| Appearance = Colorless liquid

| Odor = Gasoline-like (in high concentrations)

| Density = 0.730 g mL⁻¹

| MeltingPtK = 242.7 to 243.9

| BoilingPtK = 446.9 to 447.5

| LogP = 5.802

| VaporPressure = 195 Pa{{cite book |last1=Yaws |first1=Carl L.|title= Chemical Properties Handbook|year= 1999|publisher= McGraw-Hill|location= New York|isbn= 0-07-073401-1|pages= 159–179}}

| HenryConstant = 2.1 nmol Pa⁻¹ kg⁻¹

| RefractIndex = 1.411–1.412

| ThermalConductivity = 0.1381 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ (300 K)Touloukian, Y.S., Liley, P.E., and Saxena, S.C. Thermophysical properties of matter - the TPRC data series. Volume 3. Thermal conductivity - nonmetallic liquids and gases. Data book. 1970.

| Viscosity = {{plainlist|

• 0.850 mPa·s (25 °C){{cite journal|last1=Dymond|first1=J. H.|last2=Oye|first2=H. A.|title=Viscosity of Selected Liquid n-Alkanes|journal=Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data|volume=23|issue=1|year=1994|pages=41–53|issn=0047-2689|doi=10.1063/1.555943|bibcode=1994JPCRD..23...41D }}
• 0.920 mPa·s (20 °C)}}

| MagSus = −119.74·10⁻⁶ cm³/mol

}}

| Section3 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry

| DeltaHf = −302.1 – −299.9 kJ mol⁻¹

| DeltaHc = −6779.21 – −6777.45 kJ mol⁻¹

| Entropy = 425.89 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹

| HeatCapacity = 315.46 J K⁻¹ mol⁻¹

}}

| Section4 = {{Chembox Hazards

| MainHazards = Flammable, moderately toxic

| ExternalSDS = [http://hazard.com/msds/mf/baker/baker/files/d0136.htm hazard.com]

| GHSPictograms = {{GHS flame}} {{GHS health hazard}}

| GHSSignalWord = DANGER

| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|226|302|304|305}}

| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|301+310|331}}

| NFPA-H = 1

| NFPA-F = 2

| NFPA-R = 0

| FlashPtC = 46.0

| AutoignitionPtC = 210.0

| ExploLimits = 0.8–2.6%

| LD50 = {{Unbulleted list|>2 g kg⁻¹ (dermal, rabbit)|601 mg/kg⁻¹ (oral, rat)}}

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| Section5 = {{Chembox Related

| OtherFunction_label = alkanes

| OtherFunction = {{Unbulleted list|Nonane|Undecane}}

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| Section6 =

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Decane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C₁₀H₂₂. Although 75 structural isomers are possible for decane, the term usually refers to the normal-decane ("n-decane"), with the formula CH₃(CH₂)₈CH₃. All isomers, however, exhibit similar properties and little attention is paid to the composition.{{cite web | title=75 Isomers of Decane | website=The Third Millennium Online! | url=http://www.3rd1000.com/chem301/decane.htm | language=la | access-date=26 July 2021}} These isomers are flammable liquids. Decane is present in small quantities (less than 1%) in gasoline (petrol) and kerosene.{{Cite web|title = Petroleum - Chemistry Encyclopedia - reaction, water, uses, elements, examples, gas, number, name|url = http://www.chemistryexplained.com/Ny-Pi/Petroleum.html|website = www.chemistryexplained.com|access-date = 2016-01-28}}{{cite web |title=n-Decane (Annotation) |url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/hsdb/63#section=Other-Environmental-Concentrations-(Complete) |website=Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) |publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information |access-date=7 July 2022 |language=en}} Like other alkanes, it is a nonpolar solvent, and does not dissolve in water, and is readily combustible. Although it is a component of fuels, it is of little importance as a chemical feedstock, unlike a handful of other alkanes.{{citation | last1=Griesbaum | first1=Karl | last2=Behr | first2=Arno | last3=Biedenkapp | first3=Dieter | last4=Voges | first4=Heinz-Werner | last5=Garbe | first5=Dorothea | last6=Paetz | first6=Christian | last7=Collin | first7=Gerd | last8=Mayer | first8=Dieter | last9=Höke | first9=Hartmut | title=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry | chapter=Hydrocarbons | publisher=Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA | publication-place=Weinheim, Germany | date=15 June 2000 | doi=10.1002/14356007.a13_227 | page=| isbn=3527306730 }}