demographics of Bhutan

{{Short description|none}}{{Infobox place demographics|place=Bhutan|image=File:Bhutan single age population pyramid 2020.png|image_size=350|caption=Population pyramid of Bhutan in 2020|size_of_population=786,387 (2023){{cite web |title=Population and Demography Explorer |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?tab=table&facet=none&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&country=~BTN&hideControls=false&Metric=Population&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Total&Projection+Scenario=None |website=Our World in Data |access-date=23 December 2024}}|birth=12.66 births/1,000 population (2023){{cite web |title=Birth Rate Explorer |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?tab=table&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&hideControls=false&Metric=Birth+rate&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Total&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~BTN |website=Our World in Data |access-date=23 December 2024}}|death=6.11 deaths/1,000 population (2023){{cite web |title=Death Rate Explorer |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?tab=table&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&hideControls=false&Metric=Death+rate&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Total&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~BTN |website=Our World in Data |access-date=23 December 2024}}|infant_mortality=19.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2023){{cite web |title=Infant mortality rate in Bhutan |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?tab=table&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&hideControls=false&Metric=Infant+mortality+rate&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Total&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~BTN |website=Our World in Data |access-date=23 December 2024}}|life={{increase}}74.9 years (2021){{cite web |title=Bhutan Country Profile |url=https://data.who.int/countries/064 |website=World Health Organization (WHO) |access-date=23 December 2024}}|life_male={{increase}}73.9 years (2021){{cite web |title=Bhutan Country Profile |url=https://data.who.int/countries/064 |website=World Health Organization (WHO) |access-date=23 December 2024}}|life_female={{steady}}75.9 years (2021){{cite web |title=Bhutan Country Profile |url=https://data.who.int/countries/064 |website=World Health Organization (WHO) |access-date=23 December 2024}}|fertility={{decrease}}1.46 children born/woman (2023){{cite web |title=Fertility rate in Bhutan |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?tab=table&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&hideControls=false&Metric=Fertility+rate&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Total&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~BTN |website=Our World in Data |access-date=23 December 2024}}|major_ethnic={{unbulleted list

| {{Tree list}}

{{Tree list/end}}

}}|minor_ethnic={{unbulleted list

| {{Tree list}}

  • {{steady}} Others (0.76%)
  • {{steady}} Dravidian (e.g., Tamil) (0.30%)
  • {{steady}} Other Ethnicities (e.g., foreigners, minor groups) (0.46%)

{{Tree list/end}}

}}}}

This is a demography of the population of Bhutan including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

File:Bhutanese people.jpg

The Royal Government of Bhutan listed the country's population as 752,700 in 2003.{{Update inline|date=January 2025}}

The Bhutanese numbers can be reconstructed from their 9th Five Year Plan documents,{{cite web |url=http://www.dop.gov.bt/rep/index.htm |title=Reports |website=Department of Planning, Ministry of Finance |access-date=2005-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050906224555/http://www.dop.gov.bt/rep/index.htm |archive-date=2005-09-06 |url-status=dead }} which lists the exact number of households in each gewog. If the Bhutanese refugee advocate groups are correct, a spot check of a southern gewog should show a massive under-reporting of population.{{citation needed|date=December 2011}}

The CIA World Fact book number has since been adjusted with a note of former inconsistencies, and attributes the difference to the government not including the "first modern census of Bhutan, conducted in 2005". In the 1970s Bhutan was one of the most isolated countries in the world and nobody knew how many people lived there since no census had ever been taken.

Demographic statistics

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Population

:708,427 (July 2011 est.)

:716,896 (July 2012 est.)

:750,125 (July 2016 est.){{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bhutan/|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|website=cia.gov|access-date=19 April 2018}}

= Population by Sex and Age Group =

{{Hidden begin

|title= Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2013) (Data refer to projected figures based on the Population and Housing Census 2005 (district projection)):{{cite web |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2020/ |title=Demographic Yearbook – 2020 |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division |place=New York |access-date=2022-05-18}}

|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;

}}

class="wikitable"
style="width:80pt;"|Age Group

! style="width:80pt;"|Male

! style="width:80pt;"|Female

! style="width:80pt;"|Total

! style="width:80pt;"|%

style="text-align:right;"Total381 582351 421733 004100
style="text-align:right;"0-442 72541 99984 72411,56
style="text-align:right;"5-938 39637 72576 12110,38
style="text-align:right;"10-1432 16931 59363 7628,70
style="text-align:right;"15-1935 43234 40369 8359,53
style="text-align:right;"20-2436 52634 74571 2719,72
style="text-align:right;"25-2935 43332 06567 4989,21
style="text-align:right;"30-3433 27928 49161 7708,43
style="text-align:right;"35-3928 76624 06052 8277,21
style="text-align:right;"40-4423 77419 54543 3195,91
style="text-align:right;"45-4919 39116 21335 6044,86
style="text-align:right;"50-5415 24513 20928 4553,88
style="text-align:right;"55-5912 25710 80623 0633,15
style="text-align:right;"60-649 6028 64518 2472,49
style="text-align:right;"65-697 2686 74114 0091,91
style="text-align:right;"70-745 1694 95610 1241,38
style="text-align:right;"75-793 3383 3136 6510,91
style="text-align:right;"80+2 8122 9125 7240,78
style="width:50px;"|Age group

! style="width:80pt;"|Male

! style="width:80px;"|Female

! style="width:80px;"|Total

! style="width:50px;"|Percent

style="text-align:right;"0-14113 290111 317224 60730,64
style="text-align:right;"15-64249 705222 182471 88764,38
style="text-align:right;"65+18 58717 92236 5094,98

{{Hidden end}}

{{Hidden begin

|title= Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 30.V.2017) (Excluding 8408 non-Bhutanese/tourists found in hotels on the census reference day.):{{cite web |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2020/ |title=Demographic Yearbook – 2020 |publisher=United Nations Statistics Division |place=New York |access-date=2022-05-18}}

|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;

}}

class="wikitable"
style="width:80pt;"|Age Group

! style="width:80pt;"|Male

! style="width:80pt;"|Female

! style="width:80pt;"|Total

! style="width:80pt;"|%

style="text-align:right;"Total380 453346 692727 145100
style="text-align:right;"0–429 17628 29857 4747.90
style="text-align:right;"5–932 03530 95662 9918.66
style="text-align:right;"10–1434 65634 29668 9529.48
style="text-align:right;"15–1934 67933 60768 2869.39
style="text-align:right;"20–2441 07534 34075 41510.37
style="text-align:right;"25–2942 80236 47879 28010.90
style="text-align:right;"30–3435 05930 12165 1808.96
style="text-align:right;"35–3929 68925 86055 5497.64
style="text-align:right;"40–4422 27419 22141 4955.71
style="text-align:right;"45–4918 86516 66835 5334.89
style="text-align:right;"50–5415 45613 86129 3174.03
style="text-align:right;"55–5912 37911 51923 8983.29
style="text-align:right;"60–6410 49810 21320 7112.85
style="text-align:right;"65-697 5857 06914 6542.02
style="text-align:right;"70-745 8765 59211 4681.58
style="text-align:right;"75-793 9653 9067 8711.08
style="text-align:right;"80-842 6512 7465 3970.74
style="text-align:right;"85-891 2621 3382 6000.36
style="text-align:right;"90-943384397770.11
style="text-align:right;"95-991201432630.04
style="text-align:right;"100+132134<0.01
style="width:50px;"|Age group

! style="width:80pt;"|Male

! style="width:80px;"|Female

! style="width:80px;"|Total

! style="width:50px;"|Percent

style="text-align:right;"0–1495 86793 550189 41726.05
style="text-align:right;"15–64262 776231 888494 66468.03
style="text-align:right;"65+21 81021 25443 0645.92

{{Hidden end}}

{{Hidden begin

|title= Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (30.VII.2020) (Estimates or projections based on the 2017 Population Census.):

|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;

}}

class="wikitable"
style="width:80pt;"|Age Group

! style="width:80pt;"|Male

! style="width:80pt;"|Female

! style="width:80pt;"|Total

! style="width:80pt;"|%

style="text-align:right;"Total390 877358 054748 931100
style="text-align:right;"0–429 20828 55757 7657.71
style="text-align:right;"5–930 49529 23559 7307.98
style="text-align:right;"10–1433 15932 38865 5478.75
style="text-align:right;"15–1934 34334 20068 5439.15
style="text-align:right;"20–2436 65533 42870 0839.36
style="text-align:right;"25–2942 54735 45678 00310.42
style="text-align:right;"30–3439 91334 31174 2249.91
style="text-align:right;"35–3932 29428 04760 3418.06
style="text-align:right;"40–4426 25922 90449 1636.56
style="text-align:right;"45–4920 17117 59737 7685.04
style="text-align:right;"50–5417 11515 28932 4044.33
style="text-align:right;"55–5913 70912 41926 1283.49
style="text-align:right;"60–6411 13210 66721 7992.91
style="text-align:right;"65-698 8498 58317 4322.33
style="text-align:right;"70-746 1715 79211 9631.60
style="text-align:right;"75-794 3994 3468 7451.17
style="text-align:right;"80-842 5872 7345 3210.71
style="text-align:right;"85+1 8712 1013 9720.53
style="width:50px;"|Age group

! style="width:80pt;"|Male

! style="width:80px;"|Female

! style="width:80px;"|Total

! style="width:50px;"|Percent

style="text-align:right;"0–1492 86290 180183 04224.44
style="text-align:right;"15–64274 138244 318518 45669.23
style="text-align:right;"65+23 87723 55647 4336.33

{{Hidden end}}

Median age

:Total: 27.2 years

:Male: 27.7 years

:Female: 26.6 years (2016 est.{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2177.html#bt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613003937/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2177.html#bt|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 13, 2007|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|website=cia.gov|access-date=19 April 2018}})

Urbanization{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2212.html#bt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211192757/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2212.html#bt|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 11, 2009|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|website=cia.gov|access-date=19 April 2018}}

:urban population: 38.6% of total population (2015)

:rate of urbanization: 3.69% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Vital statistics

=UN estimates=

Below is a table of Bhutan vital statistics since 1950 published by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/unpp/Panel_profiles.htm |title=Bhutan: Demographic Profile, Medium Variant 1950–2100 |work=World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision |publisher=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, Population Projections and Estimates Section |access-date=2011-10-30}} (entry: Bhutan)

{{static row numbers}}

class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers static-row-header-text"
style="width:80pt;"|Period

! style="width:80pt;"|Live births per year

! style="width:80pt;"|Deaths per year

! style="width:80pt;"|Natural change per year

! style="width:80pt;"|CBR1

! style="width:80pt;"|CDR1

! style="width:80pt;"|NC1

! style="width:80pt;"|TFR1

! style="width:80pt;"|IMR1

{{Nowrap|1950–1955}}

| style="text-align:right;"| 9,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 5,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 4,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 47.9

| style="text-align:right;"| 27.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 20.8

| style="text-align:right;"| 6.67

| style="text-align:right;"| 184.8

1955–1960

| style="text-align:right;"| 10,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 6,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 5,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 49.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 26.8

| style="text-align:right;"| 22.3

| style="text-align:right;"| 6.67

| style="text-align:right;"| 181.4

1960–1965

| style="text-align:right;"| 12,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 6,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 6,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 48.5

| style="text-align:right;"| 25.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 22.8

| style="text-align:right;"| 6.67

| style="text-align:right;"| 174.1

1965–1970

| style="text-align:right;"| 13,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 7,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 7,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 47.8

| style="text-align:right;"| 24.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 23.8

| style="text-align:right;"| 6.67

| style="text-align:right;"| 163.1

1970–1975

| style="text-align:right;"| 16,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 7,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 8,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 47.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 22.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 25.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 6.67

| style="text-align:right;"| 149.3

1975–1980

| style="text-align:right;"| 18,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 8,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 10,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 45.8

| style="text-align:right;"| 19.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 26.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 6.67

| style="text-align:right;"| 133.2

1980–1985

| style="text-align:right;"| 20,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 8,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 12,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 42.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 17.1

| style="text-align:right;"| 25.6

| style="text-align:right;"| 6.39

| style="text-align:right;"| 117.1

1985–1990

| style="text-align:right;"| 21,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 8,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 13,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 40.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 15.0

| style="text-align:right;"| 25.3

| style="text-align:right;"| 6.11

| style="text-align:right;"| 104.0

1990–1995

| style="text-align:right;"| 19,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 7,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 12,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 35.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 12.5

| style="text-align:right;"| 22.7

| style="text-align:right;"| 5.27

| style="text-align:right;"| 87.5

1995–2000

| style="text-align:right;"| 16,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 5,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 11,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 29.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 9.9

| style="text-align:right;"| 19.3

| style="text-align:right;"| 4.13

| style="text-align:right;"| 69.7

2000–2005

| style="text-align:right;"| 15,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 5,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 11,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 25.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 7.9

| style="text-align:right;"| 17.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 3.30

| style="text-align:right;"| 52.8

2005–2010

| style="text-align:right;"| 15,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 5,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 10,000

| style="text-align:right;"| 21.5

| style="text-align:right;"| 7.2

| style="text-align:right;"| 14.4

| style="text-align:right;"| 2.61

| style="text-align:right;"| 44.4

colspan="9"| 1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births

=Registered births and deaths=

{{cite web |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/vitstats/serATab3.pdf |title=Live births, deaths, and infant deaths, latest available year (2002 - 2016) |date=2 January 2018 |website=United Nations Statistics Division}}{{cite web |title=Vital Statistics Report 2020 |url=https://www.nsb.gov.bt/publications/vital-statistics/ |website=Bhutan National Statistics Bureau |access-date=30 May 2021}}{{cite web |title=Population |url=https://www.nsb.gov.bt/bhutan-interactive-data-portal/population/ |website=Bhutan National Statiscits Bureau |access-date=30 May 2021}}

{{static row numbers}}

class="wikitable sortable"

!

!Population

!Live births

!Deaths

!Natural increase

!Crude birth rate

!Crude death rate

!Rate of natural increase

!TFR

2005

|635,000

|12,538

|4,498

|8,040

|19.7

|7.1

|12.6

|2.4

2016

|726,596

|9,718

|3,541

|6,177

|13.4

|4.9

|8.5

|

2017

|727,145

|9,841

|3,367

|6,474

|13.5

|4.6

|8.9

|1.7

2018

|734,374

|10,711

|3,364

|7,347

|14.6

|4.6

|10.0

|

2019

|741,672

|9,667

|3,220

|6,447

|13.0

|4.3

|8.7

|

2020

|748,931

|9,769

|3,109

|6,660

|13.0

|4.2

|8.8

|

2021

|756,129

|10,248

|3,192

|7,638

|13.6

|4.2

|9.4

|

2022

|763,249

|9,711

|3,605

|6,106

|13.3

|4.7

|8.6

|

2023

|770,276

|8,988

|3,579

|5,409

|11.7

|4.6

|7.1

|

File:Life_expectancy_in_Bhutan.svg

=Life expectancy at birth=

:Total population: 70.2 years

:Male: 68.8 years

:Female: 71.7 years (2017 est.)

Life expectancy at birth is 70.2 years, which is an increase from 66.3 years in 2005. Women (71.7 years) live longer than men (68.8).

In 2018, Prime Minister Tshering Tobgay announced that the average life expectancy at birth has surpassed 70.[http://www.kuenselonline.com/bhutans-population-is-735553/ KuenselOnline]

Ethnic groups

{{main|Ethnic groups in Bhutan}}

{{Pie chart

|caption= {{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bhutan/|title= South Asia ::BHUTAN|date= 13 March 2024|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}}

|label1= Ngalop people and Sharchop people |value1= 63

|label2= Lhotsampas (also known as Nepalis) |value2=22

|label3= Indigenous or migrant ethnic groups |value3= 15

}}

{{clear}}

Religions

{{main|Religion in Bhutan}}{{Expand section|date=April 2025}}{{Pie chart

|caption=

|label1= Buddhism |value1= 75.3

|label2= Hinduism |value2= 22.6

|label3= Other |value3= 2.6

}}

{{clear}}

Languages

{{main|Languages of Bhutan}}

{{Pie chart

|caption=

|label1= Tshangla (sometimes referred to as Sharchopkha) |value1= 28

|label2= Dzongkha (official) |value2= 24

|label3= Nepali (locally referred as Lhotshamkha) |value3= 22

|label4= Other |value4= 26

}}

{{clear}}

References

{{reflist}}