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demographics of England

{{Short description|none}}

{{Too many charts|date=November 2022}}

{{Use British English|date=May 2020}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2023}}

{{Infobox place demographics

|place=England

|size_of_population=56,489,800 {{increase}} (2021)

|image=File:England Population pyramid estimate 2020.svg

|image_size=350

|caption=Population pyramid of England in 2021

|density ={{cvt|434|/km2}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/annualmidyearpopulationestimates/mid2021|title=Population estimates for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland - Office for National Statistics|website=www.ons.gov.uk}}

|fertility=1.61 (2021)

|age_0-14_years=17.4% (2021){{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/census-2021-first-results-england-and-wales/population-and-household-estimates-england-and-wales-census-2021|title=Population and household estimates, England and Wales: Census 2021|website=GOV.UK}}

|age_15-64_years=64.1%

|age_65_years=18.6%

|major_ethnic={{decrease}} White: 81.0%

:{{decrease}} White British: 73.5%{{Cite web|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/create|title=Create a custom dataset - Office for National Statistics|website=www.ons.gov.uk}} (2021)

:{{decrease}} White Irish: 0.9%

:{{increase}} Other White: 6.6%

|nation=English (2021)|spoken=British English|minor_ethnic=:{{increase}} Asian British: (9.7%)

:{{increase}} Black British: (4.2%)

:{{increase}} British Mixed: (2.9%)

:{{increase}} Other: (2.2%)

}}

File: Map of population density in England as at the 2011 census.png

File:England counties population (crop).png and unitary authorities of England in 2020 by total population.]]

The demography of England has since 1801 been measured by the decennial national census, and is marked by centuries of population growth and urbanization. Due to the lack of authoritative contemporary sources, estimates of the population of England for dates prior to the first census in 1801 vary considerably. The population of England at the 2021 census was about 56,489,800.{{Cite web |title=Population and household estimates, England and Wales - Office for National Statistics |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/populationandhouseholdestimatesenglandandwales/census2021 |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.ons.gov.uk}}

Population

{{See also|Population of the countries of the United Kingdom}}

The population of England in 2021 was estimated to be 56,489,800.{{Cite web|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates|title=Population estimates - Office for National Statistics|website=www.ons.gov.uk}} This is the most recent census. In the previous census, in 2011, the population was 53,012,456.

Data for the 2021 census:

  • Female: 28,833,712
  • Male: 27,656,336
  • Total population: 56,489,800 {{cite web |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/filters/e659d8a3-e8cd-4a77-84b0-b977b03f2671/dimensions |title=Custom dataset - Office for National Statistics |publisher=Office for National Statistics |date=21 March 2021 |access-date=8 June 2023 }}
  • Total Fertility Rate: 1.61 (2021){{cite web|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/livebirths/bulletins/birthsummarytablesenglandandwales/2021 |title=National Statistics Online – Live births |publisher=Statistics.gov.uk |access-date=9 August 2022}}

Historical population

File:Population of England over time.svg

{{see also|Black Death|Domesday Book|Protestation Returns of 1642|Compton Census}}

{{expand section|date=June 2014}}

{{Historical populations|title = Population 5000–100BC |align = none

|percentages =

| 5000{{0}}BC|below 6000

| 3000{{0}}BC|100000

| 1800{{0}}BC|300000

| {{0}}100{{0}}BC|1500000

| source ={{cite book |last=Pryor|first=Francis|title=Britain BC: Life in Britain and Ireland Before the Romans |year=2004 |publisher=Harper Perennial|location=London |isbn= 978-0007126934}}

}}

{{Historical populations|title = Population 1100–1700 |align = none

| percentages =pagr

| 1086|1710000

| 1190|3100000

| 1220|3970000

| 1250|4230000

| 1279|4430000

| 1290|4750000

| 1315|4690000

| 1325|4120000

| 1348|4810000

| 1351|2600000

| 1377|2500000

| 1400|2080000

| 1430|2020000

| 1450|1900000

| 1490|2140000

| 1522|2350000

| 1541|2830000

| 1560|3020000

| 1600|4110000

| 1650|5310000

| 1700|5200000

| source =S. Broadberry et al (2010), "English Medieval Population: Reconciling Time Series and Cross Sectional Evidence", Table 6 ([https://web.archive.org/web/20150418164704/https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economics/staff/sbroadberry/wp/medievalpopulation7.pdf Retrieved from archive.org], p.22); S. Broadberry et al (2010), "British Economic Growth 1270–1870", Table 18 ([http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economics/staff/sbroadberry/wp/britishgdplongrun8a.pdf Preprint], p. 54); see also S. Broadberry et al (2015), British Economic Growth 1270–1870, Cambridge University Press, {{ISBN|1107070783}}, Tables 1.06 and 1.10 (cf. Table 5.06 on pg [https://books.google.com/books?id=wJvWBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA205 205])
See also B. Campbell (1990), "People and Land in the Middle Ages, 1066–1500", in Robert A. Dodgshon and Robin A. Butlin (eds), Historical Geography of England and Wales, 2nd edition. Elsevier. {{ISBN|1483288412}}, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=XkvgBAAAQBAJ&dq=england+dark+age+population&pg=PA69 69–122] for discussion of drivers and trends underlying the numbers.

Wrigley and Schofield, "The Population History of England, 1541–1871. A reconstruction.", Harvard University Press, 1981, Table 7.8, pgs. 208-9, [https://books.google.com/books?id=pV9SZS4WpjkC&q=Wrigley+Schofield]

}}

{{Historical populations|title = Population 1801–2021 |align = none

| percentages =

| 1801|8287907

| 1811|9405342

| 1821|11178050

| 1831|12976329

| 1841|14847888

| 1851|16738495

| 1861|18753390

| 1871|21361235

| 1881|24397385

| 1891|27231229

| 1901|30072180

| 1911|33561235

| 1921|35230225

| 1931|37359045

| 1939|38084321

| 1951|41164356

| 1961|43460525

| 1971|46411700

| 1981|46820800

| 1991|47875000

| 2001|49138831

| 2011|53012456

| 2021|56489800

| 2023|57690300

|source = Year(s) 1801–2011At the time of the first census. Census officials estimated that there had been an increase of 77% in the preceding 100 years. In each county women were in the majority. Notes for 1801 taken from Kent 1800–1899 – A Chronicle of the Nineteenth Century Bob Ogley (Froglets Publications 2003) {{ISBN|1-872337-51-1}}. Wrigley and Schofield estimate 8,664,000 based on birth and death records.][https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10061325/cube/TOT_POP Vision of Britain a population through time England], Retrieved 9 August 2013{{citation|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_292378.pdf |archive-url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_292378.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 January 2016 |title=2011 Census: Population Estimates for the United Kingdom, 27 March 2011 |publisher=ONS |date=12 December 2011 |access-date=9 August 2013 }}

}}{{Largest Urban areas|name=Largest Urban areas|kind=conurbations|country=England|stat_ref={{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/dcp171778_292378.pdf |title=2011 Census: Population Estimates for the United Kingdom |publisher=Office for National Statistics |date=27 March 2011 |access-date=18 December 2022 }}|list_by_pop=List of urban areas in the United Kingdom|class=nav|div_name=|div_link=List of urban areas in the United Kingdom{{!}}Conurbation|div_1=Greater London Built-up Area{{!}}Greater London|city_1=London|pop_1=9,787,426|div_2=Greater Manchester Built-up Area{{!}}Greater Manchester|city_2=Manchester|pop_2=2,553,379|div_3=West Midlands Conurbation{{!}}West Midlands|city_3=Birmingham|pop_3=2,440,986|div_4=West Yorkshire Urban Area{{!}}West Yorkshire|city_4=Leeds|pop_4=1,777,934|div_5=Liverpool Urban Area{{!}}Liverpool|city_5=Liverpool|pop_5=864,122|img_5=|div_6=South Hampshire|city_6=Southampton|pop_6=855,569|img_6=|div_7=Tyneside|city_7=Newcastle upon Tyne|pop_7=774,891|img_7=|div_8=Nottingham Urban Area{{!}}Nottingham|city_8=Nottingham|pop_8=729,977|img_8=|div_9=Sheffield Urban Area{{!}}Sheffield|city_9=Sheffield|pop_9=685,368|img_9=|div_10=Bristol Built-up Area{{!}}Bristol|city_10=Bristol|pop_10=617,280|img_10=}}

Vital statistics

{{cite web|title=Vital Statistics: Population and Health Reference Tables|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/vitalstatisticspopulationandhealthreferencetables|website=Office for National Statistics|access-date=20 July 2017}} This is UK wide information.

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
! width="80pt"|Average population

! width="80pt"|Live births

! width="80pt"|Deaths

! width="80pt"|Natural change

! width="80pt"|Crude birth rate (per 1000)

! width="80pt"|Crude death rate (per 1000)

! width="80pt"|Natural change (per 1000)

! width="80pt"|Fertility rates

1940

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 567,710

| align="right" | 545,952

| align="right" | 21,758

| align="right" | 14.1

| align="right" | 13.6

| align="right" | 0.5

| align="right" |

1941(c)

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 539,205

| align="right" | 499,343

| align="right" | 39,862

| align="right" | 13.9

| align="right" | 12.9

| align="right" | 1.0

| align="right" |

1942

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 608,373

| align="right" | 448,777

| align="right" | 159,596

| align="right" | 15.6

| align="right" | 11.5

| align="right" | 4.1

| align="right" |

1943

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 641,064

| align="right" | 469,916

| align="right" | 171,148

| align="right" | 16.2

| align="right" | 11.9

| align="right" | 4.3

| align="right" |

1944

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 704,748

| align="right" | 461,189

| align="right" | 243,559

| align="right" | 17.7

| align="right" | 11.6

| align="right" | 6.1

| align="right" |

1945

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 638,422

| align="right" | 456,216

| align="right" | 182,206

| align="right" | 15.9

| align="right" | 11.4

| align="right" | 4.5

| align="right" |

1946

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 773,153

| align="right" | 460,543

| align="right" | 312,610

| align="right" | 19.2

| align="right" | 11.4

| align="right" | 7.8

| align="right" |

1947

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 829,863

| align="right" | 484,324

| align="right" | 345,539

| align="right" | 20.5

| align="right" | 12.0

| align="right" | 8.5

| align="right" |

1948

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 728,131

| align="right" | 439,803

| align="right" | 288,328

| align="right" | 17.9

| align="right" | 10.8

| align="right" | 7.1

| align="right" |

1949

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 686,181

| align="right" | 478,627

| align="right" | 207,554

| align="right" | 16.8

| align="right" | 11.7

| align="right" | 5.1

| align="right" |

1950

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 654,321

| align="right" | 477,006

| align="right" | 177,315

| align="right" | 15.5

| align="right" | 11.3

| align="right" | 4.2

| align="right" |

1951(c)

| align="right" | 41,164,356

| align="right" | 636,259

| align="right" | 513,375

| align="right" | 122,884

| align="right" | 15.5

| align="right" | 12.5

| align="right" | 3.0

| align="right" |

1952

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 632,347

| align="right" | 466,479

| align="right" | 165,858

| align="right" | 15.3

| align="right" | 11.3

| align="right" | 4.0

| align="right" |

1953

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 642,844

| align="right" | 472,137

| align="right" | 170,707

| align="right" | 15.5

| align="right" | 11.3

| align="right" | 4.2

| align="right" |

1954

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 633,395

| align="right" | 469,074

| align="right" | 164,321

| align="right" | 15.2

| align="right" | 11.3

| align="right" | 3.9

| align="right" |

1955

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 628,935

| align="right" | 484,926

| align="right" | 144,009

| align="right" | 15.0

| align="right" | 11.7

| align="right" | 3.3

| align="right" |

1956

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 659,420

| align="right" | 488,893

| align="right" | 170,527

| align="right" | 15.7

| align="right" | 11.7

| align="right" | 4.0

| align="right" |

1957

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 681,736

| align="right" | 482,174

| align="right" | 199,562

| align="right" | 16.1

| align="right" | 11.5

| align="right" | 4.6

| align="right" |

1958

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 698,255

| align="right" | 494,201

| align="right" | 204,054

| align="right" | 16.4

| align="right" | 11.7

| align="right" | 4.7

| align="right" |

1959

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 706,239

| align="right" | 495,517

| align="right" | 210,722

| align="right" | 16.5

| align="right" | 11.6

| align="right" | 4.9

| align="right" |

1960

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 740,858

| align="right" | 493,553

| align="right" | 247,305

| align="right" | 17.1

| align="right" | 11.5

| align="right" | 5.6

| align="right" |

1961(c)

| align="right" | 43,460,525

| align="right" | 766,358

| align="right" | 518,047

| align="right" | 248,311

| align="right" | 17.6

| align="right" | 11.9

| align="right" | 5.7

| align="right" |

1962

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 793,354

| align="right" | 523,855

| align="right" | 269,499

| align="right" | 18.0

| align="right" | 12.0

| align="right" | 6.0

| align="right" |

1963

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 807,017

| align="right" | 538,105

| align="right" | 268,912

| align="right" | 18.2

| align="right" | 12.2

| align="right" | 6.0

| align="right" |

1964

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 828,470

| align="right" | 501,991

| align="right" | 326,479

| align="right" | 18.5

| align="right" | 11.3

| align="right" | 7.2

| align="right" |

1965

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 816,433

| align="right" | 516,317

| align="right" | 300,116

| align="right" | 18.1

| align="right" | 11.5

| align="right" | 6.6

| align="right" |

1966

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 804,957

| align="right" | 528,981

| align="right" | 275,976

| align="right" | 17.7

| align="right" | 11.8

| align="right" | 5.9

| align="right" |

1967

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 788,458

| align="right" | 509,356

| align="right" | 279,102

| align="right" | 17.2

| align="right" | 11.2

| align="right" | 6.0

| align="right" |

1968

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 775,065

| align="right" | 541,862

| align="right" | 233,203

| align="right" | 16.9

| align="right" | 11.9

| align="right" | 5.0

| align="right" |

1969

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 754,456

| align="right" | 543,425

| align="right" | 211,031

| align="right" | 16.4

| align="right" | 11.9

| align="right" | 4.5

| align="right" |

1970

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 741,999

| align="right" | 540,196

| align="right" | 201,803

| align="right" | 16.0

| align="right" | 11.6

| align="right" | 4.4

| align="right" |

1971(c)

| align="right" | 46,411,700

| align="right" | 740,099

| align="right" | 532,445

| align="right" | 207,654

| align="right" | 15.9

| align="right" | 11.5

| align="right" | 4.4

| align="right" |

1972

| align="right" | 46,572,000

| align="right" | 685,485

| align="right" | 554,251

| align="right" | 131,234

| align="right" | 14.7

| align="right" | 11.9

| align="right" | 2.8

| align="right" |

1973

| align="right" | 46,686,000

| align="right" | 638,356

| align="right" | 549,876

| align="right" | 88,480

| align="right" | 13.7

| align="right" | 11.8

| align="right" | 1.9

| align="right" |

1974

| align="right" | 46,682,000

| align="right" | 603,153

| align="right" | 547,980

| align="right" | 55,173

| align="right" | 12.9

| align="right" | 11.7

| align="right" | 1.2

| align="right" |

1975

| align="right" | 46,674,000

| align="right" | 568,900

| align="right" | 545,444

| align="right" | 23,456

| align="right" | 12.2

| align="right" | 11.7

| align="right" | 0.5

| align="right" |

1976

| align="right" | 46,659,000

| align="right" | 550,383

| align="right" | 560,317

| align="right" style="color: red" | -9,934

| align="right" | 11.8

| align="right" | 12.0

| align="right" style="color: red" | -0.2

| align="right" |

1977

| align="right" | 46,639,000

| align="right" | 536,953

| align="right" | 538,652

| align="right" style="color: red" | -1,699

| align="right" | 11.5

| align="right" | 11.5

| align="right" style="color: red" | -0.0

| align="right" |

1978

| align="right" | 46,638,000

| align="right" | 562,589

| align="right" | 547,685

| align="right" | 14,904

| align="right" | 12.1

| align="right" | 11.7

| align="right" | 0.4

| align="right" |

1979

| align="right" | 46,698,000

| align="right" | 601,316

| align="right" | 554,840

| align="right" | 46,476

| align="right" | 12.9

| align="right" | 11.9

| align="right" | 1.0

| align="right" |

1980

| align="right" | 46,787,000

| align="right" | 618,371

| align="right" | 544,349

| align="right" | 74,022

| align="right" | 13.2

| align="right" | 11.6

| align="right" | 1.6

| align="right" |

1981(c)

| align="right" | 46,820,800

| align="right" | 598,163

| align="right" | 541,018

| align="right" | 57,145

| align="right" | 12.8

| align="right" | 11.6

| align="right" | 1.2

| align="right" |

1982

| align="right" | 46,777,000

| align="right" | 589,711

| align="right" | 544,984

| align="right" | 44,727

| align="right" | 12.6

| align="right" | 11.7

| align="right" | 0.9

| align="right" | 1.76

1983

| align="right" | 46,813,000

| align="right" | 593,255

| align="right" | 542,509

| align="right" | 50,746

| align="right" | 12.7

| align="right" | 11.6

| align="right" | 1.1

| align="right" | 1.75

1984

| align="right" | 46,912,000

| align="right" | 600,573

| align="right" | 531,314

| align="right" | 69,259

| align="right" | 12.8

| align="right" | 11.3

| align="right" | 1.5

| align="right" | 1.75

1985

| align="right" | 47,057,000

| align="right" | 619,301

| align="right" | 553,153

| align="right" | 66,148

| align="right" | 13.2

| align="right" | 11.8

| align="right" | 1.4

| align="right" | 1.78

1986

| align="right" | 47,187,000

| align="right" | 623,609

| align="right" | 544,545

| align="right" | 79,064

| align="right" | 13.2

| align="right" | 11.5

| align="right" | 1.7

| align="right" | 1.76

1987

| align="right" | 47,300,000

| align="right" | 643,330

| align="right" | 531,150

| align="right" | 112,180

| align="right" | 13.6

| align="right" | 11.2

| align="right" | 2.4

| align="right" | 1.80

1988

| align="right" | 47,412,000

| align="right" | 654,353

| align="right" | 535,553

| align="right" | 118,800

| align="right" | 13.8

| align="right" | 11.3

| align="right" | 2.5

| align="right" | 1.82

1989

| align="right" | 47,552,000

| align="right" | 649,357

| align="right" | 539,804

| align="right" | 109,553

| align="right" | 13.7

| align="right" | 11.4

| align="right" | 2.3

| align="right" | 1.79

1990

| align="right" | 47,699,000

| align="right" | 666,920

| align="right" | 528,920

| align="right" | 138,000

| align="right" | 14.0

| align="right" | 11.1

| align="right" | 3.9

| align="right" | 1.83

1991(c)

| align="right" | 47,875,000

| align="right" | 660,806

| align="right" | 533,980

| align="right" | 126,826

| align="right" | 13.8

| align="right" | 11.2

| align="right" | 2.6

| align="right" | 1.81

1992

| align="right" | 47,998,000

| align="right" | 651,784

| align="right" | 522,660

| align="right" | 129,124

| align="right" | 13.6

| align="right" | 10.9

| align="right" | 2.7

| align="right" | 1.79

1993

| align="right" | 48,102,000

| align="right" | 636,473

| align="right" | 540,904

| align="right" | 95,569

| align="right" | 13.2

| align="right" | 11.2

| align="right" | 2.0

| align="right" | 1.76

1994

| align="right" | 48,228,000

| align="right" | 628,956

| align="right" | 516,297

| align="right" | 112,659

| align="right" | 13.0

| align="right" | 10.7

| align="right" | 2.3

| align="right" | 1.75

1995

| align="right" | 48,383,000

| align="right" | 613,257

| align="right" | 529,038

| align="right" | 84,219

| align="right" | 12.7

| align="right" | 10.9

| align="right" | 1.8

| align="right" | 1.71

1996

| align="right" | 48,519,000

| align="right" | 614,184

| align="right" | 526,650

| align="right" | 87,534

| align="right" | 12.7

| align="right" | 10.9

| align="right" | 1.8

| align="right" | 1.73

1997

| align="right" | 48,664,000

| align="right" | 608,202

| align="right" | 521,598

| align="right" | 86,604

| align="right" | 12.5

| align="right" | 10.7

| align="right" | 1.8

| align="right" | 1.73

1998

| align="right" | 48,820,000

| align="right" | 602,111

| align="right" | 518,089

| align="right" | 84,022

| align="right" | 12.3

| align="right" | 10.6

| align="right" | 1.7

| align="right" | 1.72

1999

| align="right" | 49,032,000

| align="right" | 589,468

| align="right" | 517,119

| align="right" | 72,349

| align="right" | 12.0

| align="right" | 10.5

| align="right" | 1.5

| align="right" | 1.69

2000

| align="right" | 49,233,000

| align="right" | 572,826

| align="right" | 503,026

| align="right" | 69,800

| align="right" | 11.6

| align="right" | 10.2

| align="right" | 1.4

| align="right" | 1.65

2001(c)

| align="right" | 49,449,000

| align="right" | 563,744

| align="right" | 497,878

| align="right" | 65,866

| align="right" | 11.4

| align="right" | 10.1

| align="right" | 1.3

| align="right" | 1.63

2002

| align="right" | 49,679,000

| align="right" | 565,709

| align="right" | 500,792

| align="right" | 64,917

| align="right" | 11.4

| align="right" | 10.1

| align="right" | 1.3

| align="right" | 1.64

2003

| align="right" | 49,925,000

| align="right" | 589,851

| align="right" | 504,127

| align="right" | 85,724

| align="right" | 11.8

| align="right" | 10.1

| align="right" | 1.7

| align="right" | 1.72

2004

| align="right" | 50,194,000

| align="right" | 607,184

| align="right" | 480,717

| align="right" | 126,467

| align="right" | 12.1

| align="right" | 9.6

| align="right" | 2.5

| align="right" | 1.77

2005

| align="right" | 50,606,000

| align="right" | 613,028

| align="right" | 479,678

| align="right" | 133,350

| align="right" | 12.1

| align="right" | 9.5

| align="right" | 2.6

| align="right" | 1.77

2006

| align="right" | 50,965,000

| align="right" | 635,748

| align="right" | 470,326

| align="right" | 165,422

| align="right" | 12.5

| align="right" | 9.2

| align="right" | 3.3

| align="right" | 1.83

2007

| align="right" | 51,381,000

| align="right" | 655,357

| align="right" | 470,721

| align="right" | 184,636

| align="right" | 12.8

| align="right" | 9.2

| align="right" | 3.6

| align="right" | 1.88

2008

| align="right" | 51,815,000

| align="right" | 672,809

| align="right" | 475,763

| align="right" | 197,046

| align="right" | 13.0

| align="right" | 9.2

| align="right" | 3.8

| align="right" | 1.92

2009

| align="right" | 52,196,000

| align="right" | 671,058

| align="right" | 459,241

| align="right" | 211,817

| align="right" | 12.9

| align="right" | 8.8

| align="right" | 4.1

| align="right" | 1.91

2010

| align="right" | 52,642,000

| align="right" | 687,007

| align="right" | 461,017

| align="right" | 225,990

| align="right" | 13.1

| align="right" | 8.8

| align="right" | 4.3

| align="right" | 1.94

2011(c)

| align="right" | 53,107,000

| align="right" | 688,120

| align="right" | 452,862

| align="right" | 235,258

| align="right" | 13.0

| align="right" | 8.5

| align="right" | 4.5

| align="right" | 1.93

2012

| align="right" | 53,493,000

| align="right" | 694,241

| align="right" | 466,779

| align="right" | 227,462

| align="right" | 13.0

| align="right" | 8.7

| align="right" | 4.3

| align="right" | 1.94

2013

| align="right" | 53,865,000

| align="right" | 664,517

| align="right" | 473,552

| align="right" | 190,965

| align="right" | 12.3

| align="right" | 8.8

| align="right" | 3.5

| align="right" | 1.85

2014

| align="right" | 54,316,000

| align="right" | 661,496

| align="right" | 468,875

| align="right" | 192,621

| align="right" | 12.2

| align="right" | 8.6

| align="right" | 3.6

| align="right" | 1.83

2015

| align="right" | 54,786,000

| align="right" | 664,399

| align="right" | 495,309

| align="right" | 169,090

| align="right" | 12.1

| align="right" | 9.0

| align="right" | 3.1

| align="right" | 1.82

2016

| align="right" | 55,268,000

| align="right" | 663,157

| align="right" | 490,454

| align="right" | 172,703

| align="right" | 12.0

| align="right" | 8.9

| align="right" | 3.1

| align="right" | 1.81

2017

| align="right" | 55,619,000

| align="right" | 646,794

| align="right" | 498,882

| align="right" | 147,912

| align="right" | 11.6

| align="right" | 9.0

| align="right" | 2.6

| align="right" | 1.76

2018

| align="right" | 55,977,000

| align="right" | 625,651

| align="right" | 505,859

| align="right" | 119,792

| align="right" | 11.2

| align="right" | 9.0

| align="right" | 2.2

| align="right" | 1.70

2019

| align="right" | 56,287,000

| align="right" | 610,505

| align="right" | 488,952

| align="right" | 121,553

| align="right" | 10.8

| align="right" | 8.7

| align="right" | 2.1

| align="right" | 1.66

2020

| align="right" | 56,550,000

| align="right" | 585,195

| align="right" | 569,700

| align="right" | 15,495

| align="right" | 10.3

| align="right" | 10.1

| align="right" | 0.3

| align="right" | 1.59

2021(c)

| align="right" | 56,489,800

| align="right" | 595,948

| align="right" | 549,207

| align="right" | 46,741

| align="right" | 10.5

| align="right" | 9.7

| align="right" | 0.8

| align="right" | 1.56

2022

| align="right" | 57,106,398

| align="right" | 577,046

| align="right" | 540,333

| align="right" | 36,713

| align="right" | 10.2

| align="right" | 9.5

| align="right" | 0.7

| align="right" | 1.49

2023

| align="right" | 57,910,000

| align="right" | 563,561

| align="right" | 544,032

| align="right" | 19,529

| align="right" | 9.8

| align="right" | 9.4

| align="right" | 0.4

| align="right" style="color:red" | 1.44

2024

| align="right" | 58,560,000

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 531,953

| align="right" |

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 9.1

| align="right" |

| align="right" | 1.45(e)

(c) = Census results.

In 2023, the percentage of live births where either one or both parents were born outside of the UK was 38.2 per cent. 32.7 per cent of all live births in England were to mothers born outside of the UK (9.0% born in the EU, 23.7% born outside of the EU).{{Cite web|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/livebirths/bulletins/parentscountryofbirthenglandandwales/latest|title=Births by parents' country of birth, England and Wales - Office for National Statistics|website=www.ons.gov.uk|accessdate=8 November 2024}}

=Current vital statistics=

{{Cite web|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/datasets/monthlyfiguresondeathsregisteredbyareaofusualresidence|title=Deaths registered monthly in England and Wales - Office for National Statistics|website=www.ons.gov.uk}}

class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"

|+

Period

! Live births

! Deaths

! Natural increase

January-April 2024

|

| 191,109

|

January-April 2025

|

| 192,849

|

Difference

|

| {{increasenegative}} +1,740 (+0.91%)

|

Historical per cent distribution of the total population by age

{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jo-wCwAAQBAJ&q=age+structure+1900+england&pg=PR7|author=A. H. Halsey|title=Trends in British Society since 1900|publisher=Palgrave MacMillan|date=1972|isbn=978-1-349-00780-6}}

class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
scope="col" |Ages

! scope="col" |1901

! scope="col" |1931

! scope="col" |1951

! scope="col" |1961

0–14 years

|32

|24

|22

|23

15–64 years

|63

|69

|67

|65

65 years and over

|5

|7

|11

|12

Total (%)

|100

|100

|100

|100

Country of birth

Country of birth given by respondents in the corresponding UK censuses were as follows:

File:Born Outside England 2011 Census.png

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
rowspan="2"|Country of birth

! colspan="2" |1971Taken from [http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/index.htm Casweb] UK Data Service from the 1971 UK wide Census. SAS08 of Country of Birth of England.

! colspan="2" |1981Taken from [http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/index.htm Casweb UK Data Service] from the 1981 UK wide Census. Table 4 of Country of Birth in England.

! colspan="2" |1991{{cite web |title=1991 census - local base statistics |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/datasets/lbs91 |publisher=Nomis: Official Census and Labour Market Statistics |access-date=14 June 2023}} Tables L01 to L18: Demographic and economic characteristics > L07 Country of birth

!colspan="2"|2001{{cite web |title=UV008:Country of birth |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2001/uv008 |publisher=Nomis: Official Census and Labour Market Statistics |access-date=30 August 2013}}

!colspan="2"|2011{{cite web |title=QS213EW: Country of birth (expanded) |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/qs213ew |publisher=Nomis: Official Census and Labour Market Statistics |access-date=26 March 2013}}

! colspan="2" |2021{{cite web |title=TS012: Country of birth (detailed) |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS012/editions/2021/versions/2 |publisher=Office for National Statistics |access-date=28 March 2023}}

Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

{{flag|United Kingdom}}

!41,951,042

!91.3%

!42,620,882

!93.1%

!43,506,411

!92.46%

!44,594,817

!90.75%

!45,675,317

!86.16%

!46,687,505

!82.65%

{{flag|England}}

|40,374,714

|87.9%

|41,084,399

|89.8%

|42,003,211

|89.3%

| 42,968,596

| 87.44%

| 44,246,592

| 83.46%

| 45,388,724

| 80.35%

{{flag|Scotland}}

|716,499

|1.6%

|731,412

|1.7%

|743,856

|1.58%

| 794,577

| 1.62%

| 708,872

| 1.34%

| 626,443

| 1.11%

{{flag|Wales}}

|632,548

|1.4%

|573,014

|1.3%

|545,381

|1.16%

| 609,711

| 1.24%

| 506,619

| 0.96%

| 478,697

| 0.85%

{{flag|Northern Ireland|union}}

|227,281

|0.5%

|–

|–

|211,133

|0.45%

| 215,124

| 0.44%

| 206,735

| 0.39%

| 190,541

| 0.34%

{{flag|United Kingdom}} (not otherwise specified)

|–

|–

|232,057

|

|2,830

|0.01%

| 6,809

| 0.01%

| 6,499

| 0.01%

| 2,612

|

Europe (non-UK)

!1,217,245

!2.7%

!1,142,182

!2.4%

!1,196,524

!2.5%

!1,450,260

!2.95%

!2,375,441

!4.5%

!4,042,538

!7.16%

{{flagicon|Ireland}} Ireland

|647,429

|1.4%

|567,021

|1.3%

|555,805

|1.18%

| 460,287

| 0.94%

| 395,182

| 0.75%

| 314,674

| 0.56%

Channel Islands & Isle of Man

|–

|–

|–

|–

|26,303

|0.06%

| 27,550

| 0.06%

| 24,653

| 0.05%

|

|

Total born in all EU Member Countries (excluding Ireland)

!569,816Figure accounts for all of Europe apart from Ireland

!1.2%

!340,113

!0%

!452,092

!1%

! 660,061

! 1.34%

! 1,980,259

! 3.73%

! 3,236,799

! 5.73%

EU Member Countries (joined pre 2001) or EEC Members

|–

|–

|340,113

|

|452,092

|1%

| –

| –

| 894,908

| 1.69%

|1,263,707

|2.24%

{{Flagicon|Germany}} Germany

|–

|–

|–

|–

|193,346

|0.41%

| 233,418

| 0.48%

| 262,356

| 0.49%

| 252,252

| 0.45%

{{Flagicon|Italy}} Italy

|–

|–

|–

|–

|83,724

|0.18%

| 98,757

| 0.20%

| 131,195

| 0.25%

| 272,019

| 0.48%

{{Flagicon|France}} France

|–

|–

|–

|–

|49,947

|0.11%

| 87,562

| 0.18%

| 127,601

| 0.24%

| 152,697

| 0.27%

{{Flagicon|Spain}} Spain

|–

|–

|–

|–

|37,006

|0.08%

| 50,431

| 0.10%

| 77,554

| 0.15%

| 163,848

| 0.29%

Other EU Member Countries

(joined post-2001)

|–

|–

|–

|–

|–

|–

| –

| –

| 1,085,351

| 2.04%

|1,973,092

|3.49%

{{Flagicon|Poland}} Poland

|–

|–

|–

|–

|68,049

|0.14%

|56,679

|0.12%

|561,098

|1.06%

|718,251

|1.27%

{{Flagicon|Romania}} Romania

|–

|–

|–

|–

|3,762

|0.01%

|7,077

|0.01%

|78,192

|0.15%

|530,320

|0.94%

Other non-EU Europe

!–

!–

!235,048

!0.5%

!115,247

!0.2%

!–

!–

!–

!–

!491,065

!0.87%

{{Flagicon|Turkey}} Turkey

|–

|–

|–

|–

|26,016

|0.06%

|52,402

|0.11%

|89,484

|0.17%

|124,758

|0.22%

{{Flag|USSR}}

|–

|–

|–

|–

|25,235

|0.05%

|27,250

|0.06%

|–

|–

|–

|–

Africa

!148,473

!0.3%

!278,678

!0.6%

!456,396

!1%

!798,218

!1.62%

!1,290,611

!2.43%

!1,558,199

!2.76%

{{Flagicon|South Africa}} South Africa

|–

|–

|–

|–

|21,220

|0.05%

| 129,302

| 0.26%

| 186,355

| 0.35%

| 211,447

| 0.37%

{{Flagicon|Kenya}} Kenya

|–

|–

|–

|–

|109,610

|0.23%

|126,119

|0.26%

|135,966

|0.26%

|133,416

|0.24%

{{Flagicon|Nigeria}} Nigeria

|–

|–

|–

|–

|45,873

|0.10%

|86,370

|0.18%

|188,690

|0.36%

|266,877

|0.47%

Middle East and Asia

!522,263

!1.1%

!727,838

!1.6%

!1,108,529

!2.4%

!1,778,296

!3.62%

!2,529,137

!4.77%

!3,241,701

!5.74%

{{Flagicon|India}} India

|301,862

|0.7%

|378,721

|0.9%

|395,563

|0.84%

|450,493

|0.92%

|682,274

|1.29%

|906,962

|1.61%

{{Flagicon|Pakistan}} Pakistan

| rowspan="2" |131,826

| rowspan="2" |0.3%

|179,712

|0.4%

|221,776

|0.47%

|304,706

|0.62%

|476,684

|0.90%

|616,454

|1.09%

{{Flagicon|Bangladesh}} Bangladesh

|46,873

|0.1%

|101,829

|0.22%

|150,057

|0.31%

|206,331

|0.39%

|266,290

|0.47%

{{flagicon|Sri Lanka}} Sri Lanka

|15,366

|

|–

|–

|38,145

|0.08%

|66,330

|0.13%

|125,917

|0.24%

|141,861

|0.25%

Far East

|73,209

|

|122,532

|0.3%

|–

|–

|360,604

|0.73%

|–

|–

|–

|–

{{Flagicon|Hong Kong}} Hong Kong

|–

|–

|–

|–

|64,496

|0.14%

|84,770

|0.17%

|98,724

|0.19%

|117,714

|0.21%

{{Flagicon|China}} China

|–

|–

|–

|–

|21,292

|0.05%

|47,201

|0.10%

|146,202

|0.28%

|176,072

|0.31%

Americas and Caribbean

!292,966

!0.6%

!291,679

!0.6%

!481,299

!1%

!–

!–

!663,091

!1.25%

!790,002

!1.40%

{{Flagicon|United States}} United States

|–

|–

|–

|–

|128,337

|0.27%

|141,198

|0.29%

|173,470

|0.33%

|198,656

|0.35%

{{Flagicon|Jamaica}} Jamaica

|–

|–

|–

|–

|141,352

|0.30%

|145,234

|0.30%

|159,170

|0.30%

|141,289

|0.25%

{{Flagicon|Canada}} Canada

|–

|–

|–

|–

|53,195

|0.11%

|59,356

|0.12%

|66,320

|0.13%

|66,847

|0.12%

Antarctica and Oceania

!–

!–

!–

!–

!104,141

!0.2%

!–

!–

!179,200

!0.34%

!170,023

!0.30%

{{Flagicon|Australia}} Australia

|–

|–

|–

|–

|66,279

|0.14%

|96,437

|0.20%

|113,592

|0.21%

|109,963

|0.19%

{{Flagicon|New Zealand}} New Zealand

|–

|–

|–

|–

|37,862

|0.08%

|53,466

|0.11%

|57,076

|0.11%

|47,842

|0.08%

Other: Old CommonwealthUsed as main option for when no other options are given, for example in 1971. This group contains all for Canada, Australia and New Zealand

!119,683

!0.3%

!133,220

!0.3%

!–

!–

!–

!–

!–

!–

!–

!–

Other: New CommonwealthUsed as a conglomerate for New Commonwealth for when there are no other options as for example in 1971. This group contains all for remenents of the British Empire after 1945 (if not already indicated).

!109,971

!0.2%

!155,389

!0.3%

!147,602

!0.3%

!–

!–

!–

!–

!–

!–

Other Countries (non Europe or UK for 2001–2021)

!482,351

!1%

!421,895

!0.9%

!–

!–

! 3,093,754

! 6.30%

! 4,961,698

! 9.36%

! 5,760,008

! 10.20%

style="text-align:left" | Total

!45,917,667

!100%

!45,771,763

!100%

!47,055,204

!100%

! 49,138,831

! 100.00%

! 53,012,456

! 100.00%

! 56,490,051

! 100%

Below are the estimates of the largest foreign-born groups in England according to ONS estimates.

class="wikitable sortable"
style="text-align:center; "| Country of birth

! style="text-align:center; "| 2013

! style="text-align:center; "| 2014{{cite web|url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/migration1/population-by-country-of-birth-and-nationality/2014/rft-table-5-pop-by-cob-jan-14-to-dec-14.xls|title=Table 1.3: Overseas-born population in the United Kingdom, excluding some residents in communal establishments, by sex, by country of birth, January 2014 to December 2014|publisher=Office for National Statistics|date=27 August 2015|access-date=17 April 2016}} Figures given are the central estimates. See the source for 95 per cent confidence intervals.

! style="text-align:center; "| 2015

! style="text-align:center; "| 2018{{cite web|title=Population by country of birth and nationality. January 2018 to December 2018

|website=ons.gov.uk|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=%2fpeoplepopulationandcommunity%2fpopulationandmigration%2finternationalmigration%2fdatasets%2fpopulationoftheunitedkingdombycountryofbirthandnationality%2fjanuarytodecember2018/populationbycountryofbirthandnationalityjan18todec18.xls}}

border = "1"|{{flag|India}}

|align="right"|{{nts|698000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|748000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|751000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|832000 }}

border = "1"|{{flagicon|Poland}} Poland

|align="right"|{{nts|561000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|677000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|713000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|832000 }}

border = "1"|{{flag|Pakistan}}

|align="right"|{{nts|479000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|499000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|478000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|535000 }}

border = "1"|{{flagicon|Republic of Ireland}} Ireland

|align="right"|{{nts|315000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|317000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|318000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|369000}}

border = "1"|{{flagicon|Germany}} Germany

|align="right"|{{nts|263000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|267000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|253000 }}

|align="right"|{{nts|309000 }}

File:England population pyramid from 2001 to 2020.gif

Age

File:England Population pyramid estimate 2020.svg

The data below is based on the 2011 census.{{cite web|author=UK Statistics |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/population-and-household-estimates-for-the-united-kingdom/rft-table-1-census-2011.xls |title=2011 Census: Usual resident population by five-year age group and sex, United Kingdom and constituent countries |publisher=UK Statistics |date=27 March 2011 |access-date=19 December 2012}} In 2001, the mean age of England's population was 38.60, and the median age was 37.00. In 2022, the median age was 40.5.{{cite web|url=https://lginform.local.gov.uk/reports/lgastandard?mod-metric=22344&mod-area=E92000001&mod-group=AllSingleTierAndDistrictLaInCountry_England&mod-type=namedComparisonGroup|access-date=15 April 2024 |title=Median age of population in England }}

class="wikitable sortable"
Ages attained
(years)

! Population

! % of total
population

! % per year
of age band

0–4

| 3,318,449

| 6.26

| 1.25

5–9

| 2,972,632

| 5.61

| 1.12

10–14

| 3,080,929

| 5.81

| 1.16

15–19

| 3,340,265

| 6.30

| 1.26

20–24

| 3,595,321

| 6.78

| 1.36

25–29

| 3,650,881

| 6.89

| 1.38

30–34

| 3,509,221

| 6.62

| 1.32

35–39

| 3,549,116

| 6.69

| 1.34

40–44

| 3,885,934

| 7.33

| 1.47

45–49

| 3,879,815

| 7.32

| 1.46

50–54

| 3,400,095

| 6.41

| 1.28

55–59

| 2,996,992

| 5.65

| 1.13

60–64

| 3,172,277

| 5.98

| 1.20

65–69

| 2,508,154

| 4.73

| 0.95

70–74

| 2,044,129

| 3.86

| 0.77

75–79

| 1,669,345

| 3.15

| 0.63

80–84

| 1,258,773

| 2.37

| 0.47

85–89

| 776,311

| 1.46

| 0.29

90+

| 403,817

| 0.76

| –

File:South West of England population pyramid 2020.svg|South West

File:South East of England population pyramid 2020.svg|South East

File:London population pyramid.svg|Greater London

File:East of England population pyramid 2020.svg|East of England

File:East Midlands population pyramid 2020.svg|East Midlands

File:West Midlands England population pyramid 2020.svg|West Midlands

File:Yorkshire and the Humber population pyramid 2020.svg|Yorkshire and the Humber

File:North West population pyramid 2020.svg|North West

File:North East population pyramid 2020.svg|North East

Ethnicity

File:Ethnic demographics of England from 1981 - 2021.gif

File:Ethnic makeup of England in single year age groups in 2021.svg

class="wikitable mw-collapsible"

|+Estimations of white and non-white population in England and Wales, 1951-1968{{Cite book |last1=Rose |first1=E. J. B. (Eliot Joseph Benn) |url=http://archive.org/details/colourcitizenshi00rose |title=Colour and citizenship : a report on British race relations |last2=Institute of Race Relations |date=1969 |publisher=London; New York : Published for the Institute of Race Relations by Oxford U.P. |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-19-218182-4}}

! rowspan="3" |Ethnic group (reported as 'Area of origin')

! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |1951Estimates taken solely from the immigrant population at the time excluding estimates of those that were white from these areas.

! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |1961

! colspan="4" |1966

! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |mid-1968

colspan="2" |Estimates based solely off of immigrant population

! colspan="2" |Total estimated (including estimates of those born in the UK)Estimates are taken from a combined estimate of the immigrant population (excluding estimates of white people), additional non-white people who may not have been enumerated, and estimates of non-white people born in the UK from parents from shown areas

Population

!%

!Population

!%

!Population

!%

!Population

!%

!Population

!%

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

White: Total

!43,683,500

!99.83%

!45,769,000

!99.28%

!46,540,500

!98.73%

!46,211,500

!98.04%

!–

!–

Non-White: Total

!74,500

!0.17%

!336,000

!0.72%

!595,000

!1.27%

!924,000

!1.96%

!1,123,000

!–

India

|30,800

|

|81,400

|

|163,600

|

|223,000

|

|–

|–

Pakistan

|5,000

|

|24,900

|

|67,700

|

|199,700

|

|–

|–

Ceylon (Sri Lanka)

|5,800

|

|9,000

|

|12,900

|

|16,100

|

|–

|–

West Indies

|15,300

|

|171,800

|

|267,900

|

|–

|–

|–

|–

Jamaica

|–

|–

|–

|–

|–

|–

|278,000

|

|–

|–

Other Caribbean

|–

|–

|–

|–

|–

|–

|180,300

|

|–

|–

British West Africa (Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria and Sierra Leone)

|5,600

|

|19,800

|

|36,000

|

|50,700

|

|–

|–

Far East (Hong Kong, Malaya, Singapore)

|12,000

|

|29,600

|

|47,000

|

|60,000

|

|–

|–

Total population

!43,758,000

!100%

!46,105,000

!100%

!47,135,500

!100%

!47,135,500

!100%

!–

!–

class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" style="text-align:right"

|+ Ethnicity in England, 1981-2021 20x20px

! rowspan="3" |Ethnic group

! colspan="10" |Year

colspan="2" |1981 estimations{{Cite journal |last1=Rees |first1=Phil |last2=Butt |first2=Faisal |date=2004 |title=Ethnic Change and Diversity in England, 1981-2001 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20004380 |journal=Area |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=174–186 |doi=10.1111/j.0004-0894.2004.00213.x |jstor=20004380 |bibcode=2004Area...36..174R |issn=0004-0894|url-access=subscription }}

! colspan="2" |1991Data is taken from United Kingdom [http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/index.htm Casweb Data services] of the United Kingdom [http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/step1.cfm 1991 Census on Ethnic Data for England] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405213012/http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/step1.cfm |date=5 April 2022 }} (Table 6)The number of people who answered the census may not equal the estimated population total at the time due to the fact an [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/missing-million-indicates-poll-tax-factor-in-census-1557887.html estimated 1 million people did not answer the form].

! colspan="2" |2001{{Cite web|title=Key Statistics for local authorities; Ethnic Statistics for England and Wales|url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/local-authorities-ks06--ethnic-group.xls|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-07|website=webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907112520/https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/local-authorities-ks06--ethnic-group.xls |archive-date=7 September 2021 }}

! colspan="2" |2011{{Cite web|title=Key Statistics for England and Wales: Ethnic statistics|url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-ks201ew.xls|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-07|website=webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210808112341/https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-ks201ew.xls |archive-date=8 August 2021 }}

! colspan="2" |2021{{Cite web |title=Ethnic group - Office for National Statistics |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS021/editions/2021/versions/1/filter-outputs/d2f0a39a-75b6-4995-b4bd-a5b68ff79027#get-data |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=www.ons.gov.uk}}

Population

!%

!Population

!%

! Population || % || Population || %

!Population

!%

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align:left" | White: Total

!–

!95.4%

!44,144,339

!93.8%

44,679,36191%45,281,14285.4%

!45,783,401

!81%

style="text-align:left" | White: British

|–

|–

|–

| –

42,747,13687.0%42,279,23679.8%

|41,540,791

|73.5%

style="text-align:left" | White: Irish

|–

|–

|–

| –

624,1151.3%517,0011.0%

|494,251

|0.9%

style="text-align:left" | White: Irish Traveller/White Gypsy

|–

|–

|–

| –

––54,8950.1%

|64,218

|0.1%

style="text-align:left" | White: Roma

|–

|–

|–

|–

|–

|–

|–

|–

|99,138

|0.2%

style="text-align:left" | White: Other

|–

|–

|–

| –

1,308,1102.7%2,430,0104.6%

|3,585,003

|6.3%

style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: Total

!–

!2.65%

!1,762,262

!3.7%

2,468,9705%4,143,4037.8%

!5,426,392

!9.7%

style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: Indian

|–

|1.32%

|823,821

|1.8%

1,028,5462.1%1,395,7022.6%

|1,843,248

|3.3%

style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: Pakistani

|–

|0.7%

|449,646

|1.0%

706,5391.4%1,112,2822.1%

|1,570,285

|2.8%

style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi

|–

|0.18%

|157,881

|0.3%

275,3940.6%436,5140.8%

|629,567

|1.1%

style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: ChineseIn 2001, listed under the 'Chinese or other ethnic group' heading.

|–

|0.22%

|141,661

|0.3%

220,6810.5%379,5020.7%

|431,165

|0.8%

style="text-align:left" | Asian or Asian British: Asian Other

|–

|0.23%

|189,253

|0.4%

237,8100.5%819,4031.6%

|952,127

|1.7%

style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: Total

!–

!1.51%

!874,882

!1.9%

1,132,5082.3%1,846,6143.5%

!2,381,724

!4.2%

style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: Caribbean

|–

|0.91%

|495,682

|1.1%

561,2461.1%591,0161.1%

|619,419

|1.1%

style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: African

|–

|0.3%

|206,918

|0.4%

475,9381.0%977,7411.8%

|1,468,474

|2.6%

style="text-align:left" | Black or Black British: Other

|–

|0.3%

|172,282

|0.4%

95,3240.2%277,8570.5%

|293,831

|0.5%

style="text-align:left" | British Mixed: Total

!–

!–

!–

! –

643,3731.3%1,192,8792.3%

!1,669,378

!2.9%

style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Caribbean

|–

|–

|–

| –

231,4240.5%415,6160.8%

|499,310

|0.9%

style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and African

|–

|–

|–

| –

76,4980.2%161,5500.3%

|241,528

|0.4%

style="text-align:left" | Mixed: White and Asian

|–

|–

|–

| –

184,0140.4%332,7080.6%

|474,190

|0.8%

style="text-align:left" | Mixed: Other Mixed

|–

|–

|–

| –

151,4370.3%283,0050.3%

|454,350

|0.8%

style="text-align:left" | Other: Total

!–

!0.44%

!273,721

!0.6%

214,6190.4%548,4181.0%

!1,229,153

!2.2%

style="text-align:left" | Other: Arab

|–

|–

|–

| –

––220,9850.4%

|320,203

|0.6%

style="text-align:left" | Other: Any other ethnic group

|–

|0.44%

|273,721

|0.6%

214,6190.4%327,4330.6%

|908,950

|1.6%

Non-White: Total

!–

!4.6%

!2,910,865

!6.2%

!4,459,470

!9%

!7,731,314

!14.6%

!10,706,647

!19%

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

style="text-align:left" | Total

!–

!100%

!47,055,204

!100%

49,138,831100%53,012,456100%

!56,490,048

!100%

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

Notes for table above

= Population distribution =

File:Districts of England by Other White percent.svg|Other White (4.6%)

File:English districts by Indian percentage.svg|Asian/Asian British: Indian (2.6%)

File:Districts of England Pakistani.svg|Asian/Asian British: Pakistani (2.1%)

File:Districts of England by Bangladeshi Percentage.svg|Asian/Asian British: Bangladeshi (0.8%)

File:Districts of England by Black percentage.svg|Black/Black British: Total (3.5%)

File:Districts of England Arab Percentage.svg|Other: Arab (0.4%)

File:White births in England.svg|White

File:Asian births in England.svg|Asian

File:Black births in England.svg|Black

File:Mixed births.svg|Mixed

File:All other ethnic groups births.svg|All other ethnic groups

File:Births not stating an ethnicity in England and Wales.svg|Births which did not state an ethnicity

= Ethnicity of school pupils =

The ethnicity of school pupils in England has been changing since the figures started to be collected in 2002, White British students proportionally have been in decline compared to other groups who have risen.

class="wikitable"

! rowspan="3" |Ethnic group

! colspan="20" |School year{{Cite web |title=Schools, pupils and their characteristics, Academic Year 2021/22 |url=https://explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk/find-statistics/school-pupils-and-their-characteristics |access-date=2022-09-09 |website=explore-education-statistics.service.gov.uk |language=en}}{{Cite web |title=School and pupil characteristics |url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20130104055718/http://www.education.gov.uk/researchandstatistics/statistics/statistics-by-topic/schoolpupilcharacteristics?page=1 |access-date=2022-11-08 |website=webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk}}

colspan="2" |1997{{Cite web |title=Ethnic Minority Pupils and Pupils for whom English is an Additional Language 1996/97 |url=http://www.dfee.gov.uk/statistics/DB/SBU/b0050/10492e.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000903023946/http://www.dfee.gov.uk/statistics/DB/SBU/b0050/10492e.pdf |archive-date=3 September 2000 }}

! colspan="2" |2004

! colspan="2" |2008

! colspan="2" |2010

! colspan="2" |2014

! colspan="2" |2015/16

! colspan="2" |2017/18

! colspan="2" |2019/20

! colspan="2" |2021/22

! colspan="2" |2023/24

Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

|

White: Total

!5,976,100

!89%

!5,584,800

!82.9%

!5,389,340

!81.3%

!5,243,870

!79.9%

!5,222,070

!76.9%

!5,258,582

!75.6%

!6,027,781

!74%

!6,048,980

!72.8%

!6,011,045

!71.4%

!5,877,640

!69.1%

White: British

|–

|–

|5,408,700

|80.3%

|5,136,610

|77.4%

|4,963,110

|75.6%

|4,859,730

|71.6%

|4,822,332

|69.3%

|5,454,108

|66.9%

|5,432,991

|65.4%

|5,379,748

|63.9%

|5,212,524

|61.3%

White: Irish

|–

|–

|26,100

|0.3%

|23,620

|0.4%

|22,190

|0.3%

|21,640

|0.3%

|21,127

|0.3%

|23,110

|0.3%

|22,443

|0.3%

|21,495

|0.3%

|20,677

|0.2%

White: Roma

|–

|–

|6,500

|0.1%

|3,940

|0.1%

|4,000

|0.1%

|4,625

|0.1%

|22,092

|0.3%

|26,653

|0.3%

|28,091

|0.3%

|27,359

|0.3%

|28,594

|0.3%

White: Irish Traveller

|–

|–

|3,900

|0.1%

|8,770

|0.1%

|10,990

|0.2%

|19,030

|0.3%

|4,975

|0.1%

|6,008

|0.1%

|6,578

|0.1%

|6,903

|0.1%

|6,798

|0.1%

White: Other

|–

|–

|139,600

|2.1%

|216,410

|3.3%

|243,580

|3.7%

|317,055

|4.7%

|388,056

|5.6%

|517,902

|6.4%

|558,877

|6.7%

|575,540

|6.8%

|609,047

|7.2%

Asian / Asian British: Total

!–

!–

!476,900

!7.1%

!536,420

!8.1%

!575,670

!8.8%

!676,920

!10.0%

!755,817

!10.8%

!937,983

!11.4%

!985,795

!11.9%

!1,040,541

!12.3%

!1,129,383

!13.4%

Asian / Asian British: Indian

|–

|–

|154,400

|2.3%

|161,150

|2.4%

|163,780

|2.5%

|180,995

|2.7%

|196,351

|2.8%

|247,280

|3.0%

|268,318

|3.2%

|289,179

|3.4%

|337,382

|4.0%

Asian / Asian British: Pakistani

|–

|–

|180,600

|2.7%

|214,210

|3.2%

|231,380

|3.5%

|273,465

|4.0%

|293,089

|4.2%

|360,554

|4.4%

|372,699

|4.5%

|380,781

|4.5%

|388,315

|4.6%

Asian / Asian British: Bangladeshi

|–

|–

|72,000

|1.1%

|87,320

|1.3%

|95,420

|1.5%

|110,735

|1.6%

|117,004

|1.7%

|143,379

|1.8%

|148,290

|1.8%

|151,613

|1.8%

|151,875

|1.8%

Asian / Asian British: Chinese

|–

|–

|23,700

|0.4%

|24,780

|0.4%

|24,690

|0.4%

|26,725

|0.4%

|28,915

|0.4%

|36,196

|0.4%

|37,732

|0.5%

|48,396

|0.6%

|63,774

|0.8%

Asian / Asian British: Other Asians

|–

|–

|46,200

|0.7%

|73,770

|1.1%

|85,080

|1.3%

|111,720

|1.6%

|120,458

|1.7%

|150,574

|1.8%

|158,756

|1.9%

|170,572

|2.0%

|188,037

|2.2%

Black / Black British: Total

!–

!–

!244,900

!3.6%

!292,860

!4.4%

!312,260

!4.8%

!366,130

!5.4%

!389,585

!5.5%

!464,367

!5.7%

!474,570

!5.7%

!486,517

!5.8%

!551,099

!6.5%

Black: Caribbean

|–

|–

|96,100

|1.4%

|92,090

|1.4%

|91,400

|1.4%

|89,350

|1.3%

|85,830

|1.2%

|91,429

|1.1%

|86,543

|1.0%

|82,402

|1.0%

|78,817

|0.9%

Black: African

|–

|–

|120,900

|1.8%

|167,990

|2.5%

|184,790

|2.8%

|232,065

|3.4%

|253,781

|3.6%

|311,012

|3.8%

|323,874

|3.9%

|338,614

|4.0%

|406,246

|4.8%

Black: Other Blacks

|–

|–

|27,900

|0.4%

|32,770

|0.5%

|36,070

|0.5%

|44,710

|0.7%

|49,974

|0.7%

|61,926

|0.8%

|64,153

|0.8%

|65,501

|0.8%

|66,036

|0.8%

Mixed / British Mixed

!–

!–

!181,500

!2.7%

!229,650

!3.5%

!256,980

!3.9%

!325,140

!4.8%

!363,730

!5.3%

!473,305

!5.8%

!515,061

!6.1%

!558,184

!6.6%

!594,344

!7.0%

Mixed: White and Caribbean

|–

|–

|64,600

|1.0%

|77,350

|1.2%

|82,410

|1.3%

|95,785

|1.4%

|101,278

|1.5%

|123,873

|1.5%

|128,774

|1.5%

|133,504

|1.6%

|134,384

|1.6%

Mixed: White and African

|–

|–

|17,000

|0.3%

|24,110

|0.4%

|27,860

|0.4%

|40,245

|0.6%

|47,472

|0.7%

|63,518

|0.8%

|70,403

|0.8%

|76,262

|0.9%

|79,940

|0.9%

Mixed: White and Asian Other

|–

|–

|36,300

|0.5%

|47,510

|0.7%

|54,610

|0.8%

|73,555

|1.1%

|84,133

|1.2%

|111,811

|1.4%

|123,153

|1.5%

|134,821

|1.6%

|143,206

|1.7%

Mixed: Other Mixed

|–

|–

|63,500

|0.9%

|80,680

|1.2%

|92,110

|1.4%

|115,560

|1.7%

|130,847

|1.9%

|174,103

|2.1%

|192,731

|2.3%

|213,597

|2.5%

|236,814

|2.8%

Other: Total

!–

!–

!57,900

!0.9%

!78,560

!1.2%

!86,880

!1.3%

!106,115

!1.6%

!119,647

!1.7%

!154,575

!1.9%

!168,758

!2.0%

!185,355

!2.2%

!203,561

!2.4%

Unclassified

!–

!–

!190,700

!2.8%

!81,300

!1.2%

!64,610

!1.0%

!67,935

!1.0%

!67,126

!1.0%

!94,312

!1.2%

!119,388

!1.4%

!136,371

!1.6%

!141,908

!1.7%

Total:

!6,716,700

!100%

!6,736,700

!100%

!6,632,900

!100%

!6,564,940

!100%

!6,791,030

!100%

!6,954,487

!100%

!8,152,323

!100%

!8,312,552

!100%

!8,418,013

!100%

!8,497,935

!100%

File:White total school children within England.svg|White: 71.4%

File:White British school children within England.svg|White British: 63.9%

Languages

The most common main languages spoken in England according to the 2011 census are shown below.{{cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/qs204ew |title=View:England |publisher=NOMIS |access-date=5 September 2014}}

class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;border:none;"
RankLanguageUsual residents aged 3+Proportion
1style="text-align:left"| English46,936,78092.02%
2style="text-align:left"| Polish529,1731.04%
3style="text-align:left"| Punjabi271,5800.53%
4style="text-align:left"| Urdu266,3300.52%
5style="text-align:left"| Bengali (with Sylheti and Chatgaya)216,1960.42%
6style="text-align:left"| Gujarati212,2170.42%
7style="text-align:left"| Arabic152,4900.30%
8style="text-align:left"| French145,0260.28%
9style="text-align:left"| Portuguese131,0020.26%
10style="text-align:left"| Spanish118,5540.23%
11style="text-align:left"| Tamil99,7730.20%
12style="text-align:left"| Turkish98,0830.19%
13style="text-align:left"| Italian90,5470.18%
14style="text-align:left"| Somali84,3870.17%
15style="text-align:left"| Lithuanian84,3270.17%
16style="text-align:left"| German75,1900.15%
17style="text-align:left"| Persian/Farsi75,1790.15%
18style="text-align:left"| Tagalog/Filipino67,5930.13%
19style="text-align:left"| Romanian66,4960.13%
20style="text-align:left"| Russian66,2710.13%
–style="text-align:left"| Welsh8,2480.02%
–style="text-align:left" | Cornish5540.00%
–style="text-align:left" | Other1,209,6142.37%
style="border:none; background:#ffffff;" |

! style="text-align:left" | Population

| 51,005,610

100.00%

Religion

{{Main|Religion in England}}

File:Religious makeup of England in single year age groups in 2021.svg

{{Pie chart

|thumb = right

|caption = Religion in England (2021 census)

|label1 = Christianity

|value1 = 46.3

|color1 = DodgerBlue

|label2 = Not religious

|value2 = 36.7

|color2 = Honeydew

|label3 = Islam

|value3 = 6.7

|color3 = Green

|label4 = Not stated

|value4 = 6.0

|color4 = Black

|label5 = Other religions

|value5 = 2.5

|color5 = Chartreuse

|label6 = Hinduism

|value6 = 1.8

|color6 = Orange

}}

Respondents to the 2001, 2011 and 2021 censuses gave their religions as follows:

class="wikitable sortable"
rowspan="2"|Religion

!colspan="2"|2001{{cite web|title=Religion (2001 Census)|date=9 February 2010|url=https://data.gov.uk/dataset/religion_2001_census|publisher=data.gov.uk|access-date=18 December 2012}}

!colspan="2"|2011{{cite web|title=2011 Census: KS209EW Religion, local authorities in England and Wales |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-ks209ew.xls|publisher=ons.gov.uk|access-date=18 December 2012}}

! colspan="2" |2021{{Cite web |title=Religion, England and Wales - Office for National Statistics |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/culturalidentity/religion/bulletins/religionenglandandwales/census2021 |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=www.ons.gov.uk}}

Number

!%

!Number

!%

!Number

!%

Christianalign=right|35,251,244align=right|71.74%align=right|31,479,876align=right|59.38%

|26,167,899

|46.3

Muslimalign=right|1,524,887align=right|3.10%align=right|2,660,116align=right|5.02%

|3,801,186

|6.7

Hindualign=right|546,982align=right|1.11%align=right|806,199align=right|1.52%

|1,032,533

|1.8

Sikhalign=right|327,343align=right|0.67%align=right|420,196align=right|0.79%

|520,092

|0.9

Jewishalign=right|257,671align=right|0.52%align=right|261,282align=right|0.49%

|269,283

|0.5

Buddhistalign=right|139,046align=right|0.28%align=right|238,626align=right|0.45%

|262,433

|0.5

Other religionalign=right|143,811align=right|0.29%align=right|227,825align=right|0.43%

|332,410

|0.6

No religionalign=right|7,171,332align=right|14.59%align=right|13,114,232align=right|24.74%

|20,715,664

|36.7

Religion not statedalign=right|3,776,515align=right|7.69%align=right|3,804,104align=right|7.18%

|3,400,548

|6.0

Total populationalign=right|49,138,831align=right|100.00%align=right|53,012,456align=right|100.00%

!56,490,048

!100.0

See also

Notes

{{Reflist|group=note}}

References

{{reflist|30em}}

External links

  • [http://www.statistics.gov.uk/ National Statistics]
  • [http://www.populstat.info/ Populstat population figure site – main source for 1801–1991]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20151023053103/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/hitch/gendocs/pop.html#EW Genealogical documents]

{{Demographics of Europe}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Demography Of England}}

Category:2001 in England

Category:Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom

Category:History of England by topic

Category:2001 United Kingdom census